Isingeniso sokwelapha ukwelashwa komdlavuza, izikhwama, nezinye izifo
Amanqamu e-nonmelanoma esikhumba, njenge- basal cell carcinoma (BCC) kanye ne- squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), yizona izinhlobo ezijwayelekile kakhulu zomdlavuza emhlabeni jikelele. Ngenhlanhla, yilezo eziphulukisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma izicubu zincane kakhulu futhi zincane. Uhlobo lwezokwelapha olukhethiwe lusekelwe ukuthi umkhulu kangakanani umdlavuza nokuthi utholakalaphi emzimbeni.
Nansi ukubuka konke okunye okukhethwa kukho okujwayelekile (isingeniso sezokwelapha ezingavamile kakhulu esetshenziswayo kuyatholakala):
Ukuziqhenya
Ukukhishwa okulula okulula (ukukhishwa) kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izicubu zombili eziyisisekelo neziphindaphindiwe. Le nqubo ihilela ukukhipha isisu nokukhishwa kwesinye isikhumba esivamile esikuzungezile ("umkhawulo"): i- basal cell kanye ne-squamous cell carcinomas, ama-margins ngokuvamile aphakathi kuka-2 kuya ku-4 mm. Amazinga okuguqulwa okulandela ukulandelwa yi-95% no-92% we-BCC eyinhloko ne-SCC, ngokulandelana, futhi ancike kwisayithi, ubukhulu, nephethini le-tumor. Ukucabangela kungenziwa kumuntu ophulukisiwe noma olwa nesifo sengculazi kuye ngesilinganiso somdlavuza.
Ama-Crematic Topic
Njengoba kuvunyelwe ngo-2004, i-activator system imiquimod (eyaziwa nangokuthi igama elithi brand Aldara ) ibilokhu libizwa ngokuthi i-topical (isikhumba kuphela) ukhilimu we-basal cell basal cell carcinomas, kanye nesimo sangaphambi komdlavuza okuthiwa i- actinic i-keratosis .
Isakazeka lesi sifo izikhathi ezinhlanu ngeviki, ngokuvamile ngamasonto ayisithupha, futhi isula isikhumba cishe ngamaphesenti angama-88% noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo olunjani lomdlavuza. Enye ukhilimu we-BCC engaphezu kuka- 5-flourouracil (i-Carac noma i-Efudex), imithi ye- chemotherapy ebuye isetshenziswe ngaphakathi. Lezi zokwelapha ngokuvamile azishiyi izibazi, kodwa zingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala njengoba kusebenza.
Amanye ama-creams ahlolwa manje, kuhlanganise ingenol mebutate (PEP005), etholakala esitshalweni esibizwa ngokuthi "i-spurge encane."
Ukukhishwa kwe-Electrodesiccation
Ukwelashwa kanye ne-electrodesiccation yindlela elula, esheshayo neyenzayo yokubhubhisa ama-basal cell kanye ne-squamous cell carcinomas. Emva kokukhipha ukukhula ngensimbi ende efana ne-spoon ebizwa ngokuthi i- curette , udokotela usebenzisa umbane wamandla omnene ukubhubhisa noma yiliphi amaseli angavamile. Le nqubo yokuhlunga kanye ne-cauterizing iphindaphindiwe kathathu, futhi isilonda sivame ukuphulukisa ngaphandle kokugxila. Kungcono kakhulu okuyisisekelo, hhayi njalo, izilonda. Izinga lokuphulukisa lixhomeke kwisayithi: izindawo ezinobungozi kakhulu (impumu, indlebe, isikhumba, umlomo) zinenani eliphindaphindiwe lika-4% kuya ku-18%, kuye ngokuthi usayizi wesisu. Izinga lokuphindaphindiwe liyehla ku-3% ngenxa yezimbala ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwezinhlekelele ze-trunk kanye neziphetho. Ngokuvamile, amazinga okuphulukisa ama-5 we-BCC oyinhloko ne-SCC aphathwe nge-C no-E angama-92% no-96%, ngokulandelana.
Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Mohs
Inkambiso ye-Mohs (eyaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlinzwa okuyi- Mohs micrographic noma ukulawulwa kwemikhawulo elawulwa ngamanzi) yiyindlela ethuthukisiwe eyenziwa ngo-1940 nguDkt Frederic E. Mohs ngokususa izilonda ngenxa ye-basal noma i-squamous cell carcinoma.
Kuhilela ukususa izingxenye ezincane zokukhula kwesikhumba, ungqimba ngendlala. Ingqimba ngayinye ihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope, futhi ukususwa kwezendlalelo kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho kungekho amangqamuzana anomdlavuza. Unesilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu sokwelashwa kwanoma yiluphi ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesikhumba futhi akubanga ukuthi kunzima kakhulu njengenye indlela. Kuwusizo ngokukhethekile ukwelapha umdlavuza wesikhumba ophindaphindiwe, izicubu ezinkulu, izicubu endlebeni, ijwabu leso, impumulo, i-lip, noma isandla, izicubu eziteshini ezijwayele ukuphindaphinda, kanye ne-subalpe sclerotic ye-basal cell carcinoma. Kuyindlela yokwelashwa "ejwayelekile" ye-5: izinga lokuphindaphinda kweminyaka emi-5 li-1% ye-BCC ne-3% ye-SCC.
Kodwa-ke, kuyabiza kakhulu, kudla isikhathi, futhi kunzima kakhulu kunezinye izindlela.
> Imithombo:
> "Ukwelapha i-Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer." I-American Academy of Dermatology.
> "Kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi umdlavuza we-Squamous and Basal Skin?" I-American Cancer Society. Juni 2008.
> Neville JA, Welch E, DJ Leffell. "Ukulawulwa komdlavuza wesikhumba esingenanananoma ngo-2007." Nat Clin Pract Oncol 2007 4 (8): 432-469.