Naphezu kokufanisana, imiphumela kanye nokwelashwa kungahluka
Umdlavuza we-Colorectal nomdlavuza we- colon ngokuvamile bakholelwa ukuthi kuyinto efanayo noma i-subset yenye. Futhi, eqinisweni, le migomo ivame ukusetshenziswa ngokungafani ngisho nabachwepheshe bezempilo. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi kukhona ukufana, umehluko phakathi kwekoloni nomdlavuza wezinhlamvu ungabonakala uhlukile.
Kwabanye, igama elithi "umdlavuza wekolon" lingasetshenziswa ukufaka kokubili amakholoni e-colon nama-rectal.
Kwabanye, "umdlavuza wombala" ungasetshenziswa ukuchaza ukulimala koloni, ngisho noma i-rectum ngokwayo ingabandakanyeki. Zombili zihle, kodwa zilungile? Igama elingaqondakali elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza umdlavuza we-colorectal yisifo somdlavuza, esichaza umdlavuza oqala phakathi kololon noma i-rectum.
Ukubeka ama-semantics eceleni kwesikhashana, kunemibono ebalulekile emkhatsini wekoloni nomdlavuza we-rectal ohlolisisa, hhayi okungenani ukuthi yiziphi izindlela lezi zifo ezimbili eziqhubekayo.
I-Anatomy ye-Colon ne-Rectum
I- colon kanye ne-rectum zombili ziyingxenye yamathumbu amakhulu , indawo yokugcina yamathambo emathunjini. I-colon isingamamitha amahlanu ubude futhi ihlukaniswe ibe ikoloni elandelanayo (isigaba sokuqala esibanjwe emathunjini amancane) kanye nekoloni yokuhlukanisa (ingxenye yesibili ehlanganiswe ne-rectum). I-rectum yilezi zokugcina eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-12 zekoloni ezidlulisela ku-anus.
I-colon ngokwayo iphinde ihlukaniswe ngamacala amabili, isakhiwo esivela ngesikhathi se-embryogenesis (ukwakheka kwengane). Uhlangothi olungakwesokudla luhlanganisa ikholoni ekhuphuka (ikholomu elandelanayo) ngenkathi kwesobunxele ihlanganisa ikholoni ehlayo, ikoloni ye-sigmoid, ne-colon distal.
Ukufana Phakathi Kwekoloni Ne-Cancer Rectal
Ngokuvamile, i-colon ne-rectal cancers yabelana ngokufana okuhlukile, ikakhulukazi endleleni ababonisa ngayo:
- Isigameko - Umdlavuza we-Colorectal yimbangela yesithathu eholela ekufeni okuhlobene nomdlavuza e-United States. Amaphesenti angaba ngu-25 wamagciwane amakhulu emathumbu angama-cancer angama-rectal.
- Izingozi zengozi - Umdlavuza we-colon nomgogodla ufana ngokungafani uma kuziwa ezimbangela nasezicabangela zengozi . Ukuhlangana phakathi komvu obomvu nomdlavuza kukhona kokubili, nakuba kunamandla ezimweni zomdlavuza we-rectal. Ngokuphambene, umdlavuza wekoloni uhlotshaniswa kakhulu nokusetshenziswa kotshwala.
- Izimpawu - I- Colon nomdlavuza womhlanga zifana kakhulu ngokwezimpawu zabo, nakuba ezinye zingahluka. Isibonelo, ukuphuma kwegazi kusuka engxenyeni engenhla yekolon cishe kunomzimba obomvu noma omnyama, kuyilapho amagciwane ahlukanisa ngokuvamile eholela ekukhanyeni kwegazi elibomvu.
- Izakhi zofuzo - Kusukela kumbono wamangqamuzana, amakhemikhali kanye namagciwane angama-rectal afana ngokuphawulekayo, kuze kube uhlobo lwezakhi zofuzo ezithinta ukukhula kwazo. Kukhona ukuhlukahluka okunye, kodwa, kuwo wonke, ama-khansela amabili ahlobene ngokucacile.
Umehluko phakathi kweColon ne-Cancer Rectal
Naphezu kokufanisana, kunemibono ephawulekayo phakathi kwama-khansa amabili:
- Ukufaniswa kocansi - Umdlavuza we-Colon usatshalaliswa kakhulu kakhulu ngokulingana phakathi kobulili, kanti umdlavuza we-rectal uvame kakhulu kubantu kunabesifazane.
- I-Anatomy - Ukunikezwa kwegazi, ukugeleza kwe-lymphatic, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwamangqamuzana wekolon kanye ne-rectum kuhluke kakhulu. Lokhu kubalulekile njengoba umdlavuza we-cancers wehlisa (ukusakazwa) kwezinye izifunda zomzimba ngezitsha zegazi nezethempeli.
- Izifo eziphindaphindiwe - Lokhu kungase kube ukuhlukanisa okukhulu. Ngokuvamile, umdlavuza we-rectal kunzima ukuphulukisa, futhi ngokuphindaphindiwe kukhula phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-15 no-45 weziguli.
- Ukuhlasela kwezicubu eziseduzane - Umdlavuza weColon, ube esiswini, unomunye "igumbi" elikuzungezile, kanti umdlavuza we-rectal uvele endaweni elula kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umdlavuza onomdlavuza unethuba elikhulu lokusabalalisa izicubu eziseduze.
- Ukuhlinzwa - Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wekoloni kunganconywa kunoma isiphi isigaba sesifo , kuyilapho ukuhlinzeka yedwa ngaphandle kwe-chemo noma imithi yokwelapha imiswe ngokujwayelekile ngezigaba 1 no-2. Ngokuphambene, ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza we-rectal kungenziwa kusuka ezigabeni 1 kuya kwezingu-3, ngokuvamile ngokubambisana ne-chemo kanye nokwelashwa kwemisebe.
- Ukwelashwa Okulukhuni - Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wekoloni kulula kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nomdlavuza wesibeletho. Ngomsebenzi wokuhlinzwa, kunzima kakhulu ukufinyelela lesi sifo futhi ugweme eziningi zezakhiwo ezizungezile.
- I-Colostomy - Abantu abaye bathola ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza wama-rectal banamathuba amaningi okuba ne-colostomy engunaphakade. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukususwa kwe-anal sphincter kuvame ukudingeka, okungenakuguqulwa noma ukuvuselelwa.
- Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa - Ukushiswa kwemithi akuvamile ukusetshenziswa umdlavuza wekoloni kodwa kungumdlavuza we-rectal (ikakhulukazi isigaba 2 noma 3).
- I-Chemotherapy - I- Chemotherapy yomdlavuza wekoloni ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzekwa ekuhlinzekeni ngezigaba 3 no-4 (futhi ngezinye izikhathi 2). Ngomdlavuza wama-rectal, i-chemotherapy ingasetshenziswa ngisho nesifo sesigaba 1.
- Izinkinga zokuthunyelwa komzimba - Abantu abanomdlavuza we-rectal cishe banezinkinga zokuhamba emva kokuhlinzwa uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abanekhanda lomdlavuza we-colon, abajwayele ukwelashwa okwesikhashana.
Ucwaningo lweCaron Cancer
Kukhona futhi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamagciwane aphuma ngakwesokudla kolononi (okwenyuka kolononi) nalabo abaphakama ngakwesobunxele (ikholoni ehla, sigonid colon, rectum).
Sisazi ukuthi ama-tissue ohlangothini lwesokudla abe namaseli ahlukile kunelakho kwesobunxele, isakhiwo sokuthuthukiswa kwe-embryonic. Idatha kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ibonise ukuthi inani lokusinda lamakhansela angakwesobunxele livame ukuba ngcono kunalowo onelungelo. Nakuba lezi zitholakele zibhekwa njengeziphawulekayo, kusadingeka zithole ukuthi lokhu kuzoshintsha izindlela zokwelapha.
Njengoba ukuqonda kwethu izakhi zofuzo kuthuthuka, siqala ukuthola ukungezwani kwezakhi zofuzo ezivamile kanye nezibalo zamangqamuzana. Ngokuqonda kangcono lokhu kuhlukahlukana, ososayensi banethemba lokuthola izindlela zokuzivikela nge-immunologic ne-biogenetic ukuze zibhekiswe ngqo kulezi zingqamuzana eziyingqayizivele, okuvumela ukulawula - ngisho nokuqedwa - kwalesi sifo.
> Imithombo:
> Hong, T .; Clark, J .; no-K. Haigis. "I-Cancers ye-Colon ne-Rectum: Amawele Ezingenakuqhathaniswa Nezizwe?" Ukutholakala kweCanscer . 2012. 2 (2): 117-21.
> Lee, Y .; Lee, Y .; I-Chuang, J .; no-Lee, J. "Ukungqubuzana kokuPhila phakathi kweColon ne-Cancer Rectal kusukela ku-SEER Data." PLoS One . NgoNovemba 12, 2013; 8 (11): e78709.
> van der Slip, M .; I-Bastiaannet, E .; UMesker, W .; et al. "Ukungqubuzana phakathi kweColon ne-Rectal Cance r ezinkingeni, Ukusinda isikhathi esifushane nokuphindaphindiwe: I- International Journal of Colorectal Disease 2016; 31 (10): 1683-1691.
> Venook, A .; I-Niedzwiecki, D .; Innocenti, F .; et al. "Impact of Primary (1º) Indawo yokulahla kwi-Overall Survival (OS) nokuPhila okuPhuthukisiwe (PFS) ezigulini (pts) ngeMetastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC): Ukuhlaziywa kweCALGB / SWOG 80405 (Alliance)." Umhlangano Wonyaka We-ASCO ka-2016 , Chicago, IL. Juni 2-6, 2016; abstract 3504.