Ngemuva kweminyaka engaphezu kwezingu-3,000, zisabalulekile njenganini ngaphambili
Emhlabeni jikelele, amakhondomu aphakathi kuka-6 kuya ku-9 wezigidigidi athengiswa njalo ngonyaka. Ngeshwa, ukusetshenziswa kwabo akuvunyelwanga yonke indawo-lokhu naphezu kokuthi ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi ukusebenzisa okunamakondomu okuqhubekayo kunganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo inani lokutheleleka okusha kwe-HIV unyaka ngamunye.
Ngisho nesonto lamaKatolika, abanikeze ikhondomu engavunyelwe isikhathi eside njengendlela yokulawula ukubeletha, abaholi baye bavumelana nabo ngezimo ezithile.
Kodwa-ke, abanye ngaphakathi esontweni basalokhu bathi ukukhulelwa kugqugquzela ubulili ngaphandle kwezibopho zomshado futhi balahle ngokuqondile.
Kodwa ukubuka kuyashintsha. Ngo-2010, uMfundisi Federico Lombardi, ekhuluma egameni likaPapa uBenedict, wathi ukusetshenziswa kwamakhondomu ngabantu abane-HIV kungaba "isinyathelo sokuqala somthwalo wemfanelo, wokucabangela ingozi empilweni yomuntu onobungane naye ... noma ngabe uyindoda, owesifazane noma u-transsexual. "
Umlandeli kaBenedict, uPapa Francis uye wacacile kakhulu ngemibono yakhe kodwa wathi amakhondomu angase abe "okubi okuncane" uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhipha isisu kodwa ngokungafuni ukukhuluma ngokusebenza kwawo ekuvimbeleni i-HIV.
Umlando wekhondomu usuke ugcwele ukungqubuzana okunjalo, amasha, intuthuko, nokuhluleka. Sinikeza isifinyezo sezinye zezikhathi eziyisihluthulelo kanye nokuqonda ukuthi kungani amakhondomu ehlala ebaluleke kunanini ngaphambili:
1,000 BC
Ngokuqondene nanoma ubani ongatshela, lokhu cishe isikhathi lapho ukusetshenziswa kwekhondomu kubhalwe kuqala.
Ngokungafani ne-latex noma i-polyurethane yanamuhla, amakhondomu okuqala ayenziwe ngephepha le-silk elinamafutha, izigqoko zelineni, isikhumba, noma uphondo olungenalutho oluncane.
200 AD
Imidwebo yemidwebo kusukela ngonyaka ka-200 AD ibonisa ukusetshenziswa kwekhondomu, ubufakazi bokuqala bokubonakala bokubonwa kwazo.
1500s
Udokotela waseNtaliyane ogama likaGabrielle Fallopius (okwathi, ngokungahambisani nalokho, igama elibizwa ngokuthi yi-female fallopian tube) laphakanyiswa ukuthi izikhondomu zelineni zelineni zisetshenziselwe ukuvikela ngokumelene ne-syphilis, isifo esibulalayo ngaleso sikhathi emlandweni.
1640s
Omunye umcwaningi ukholelwa ukuthi abalimi beCondom, eFrance baqala ukusebenzisa ama-guts njengamakhondomu, mhlawumbe umsuka wamakhondomu we-lambskin-kanye negama legama le-eponymous. Funda kabanzi mayelana
1660s
Elinye iqembu likholelwa ukuthi igama elithi "ikhondomu" lahlanganiswa lapho uCharles II enikezwa ngamathumbu amafutha abilisiwe ukuba asebenzise amakhondomu ngudokotela ogama lakhe lingamanga, uDkt Condom. Kodwa-ke, ezinye ziphikelela ukuthi "ikhondomu" ivela egameni lesiLatin elithi condus elisho ukuthi "umkhumbi."
1774
I-generic Giacomo Casanova yabhala mayelana nendlela yakhe yokuhlola amakhondomu embikweni wakhe, imininingwane yokuthi uzobavotela kanjani ukuze avivinye izimbobo nezinyembezi.
1855
I-Rubber isetshenziswe njengengxenye yekhondomu. Ngaleso sikhathi, amadoda ayelulekwa ukuthi le nguqulo ye-rubber ingahlanzwa futhi iphinde iphinde ishintshwe. Funda indlela yokusebenzisa ikhondomu ngendlela efanele .
1861
Isikhangiso sokuqala sekhondomu yase-US sivela eNew York Times.
1912
Ukwethulwa kwe-latex kwenza amakondomu ashibhile futhi alahlwe. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa komuntu oyedwa, i-latex ikhondomu izalwa. NgeMpi Yezwe II, ikhondomu ye-latex yenziwe kakhulu futhi inikwe amabutho emhlabeni wonke. Funda ukuthi wenzeni uma ikhondomu iphula .
Ama-1920
Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe I, iFrance ibeka ukuvinjelwa kwamakhondomu nezinye izithintelo zokukhulelwa ngokuphendula ukwesaba mayelana namanani okuzalwa.
1950s
Ikhondomu ye-latex ithuthukiswa ngokubenza babe mncane, baqine futhi bahlwithe. Futhi, i-tip ye-reservoir isetshenziselwa ukuthi iqoqa isithombo ekupheleni, inciphise ingozi yokuvuza nokukhulelwa okungenhloso. Funda ukuthi kufanele usayizi kanjani ikhondomu .
1980
Uma usuvele ungumthombo wokuhlazeka futhi ungavunyelwe ngokuphelele ukukhangiswa ekunyathelisweni noma kuthelevishini, ukuvela kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi njengesifo socansi kuthatha ikhondomu ibe yinto ejwayelekile. Ochwepheshe bavuma ukuthi amakhondomu ayindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzigwema ukugwema i-HIV. Funda ukuthi kungani abantu abaningi besagwema ikhondomu .
2006
Ukuthengiswa kwekhondomu kufinyelela ku-9 billion emhlabeni jikelele.
Ochwepheshe bathola i-spermicides esetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa kungakwandisa ingozi ye-HIV futhi bakhiphe izixwayiso mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwazo. Ukwengeza, uma kuvela ukuphefumula kwe-latex, amakhondomu akhiwe nge-polyurethane akhiqizwa kulabo bantu abane-latex allergies. Funda ngamanye amaphutha amakhondomu ongafanele uwenze .
2013
Billionaire philanthropists uBill no-Melinda Gates banikeza i-$ 100,000 yezinkomba zomkhondomu ezilandelayo ezithembisayo kakhulu, inselele eyenza ukuthi abezindaba baqaphele futhi bakhiphe izingqungquthela eminye imiklamo engaphezulu, kufaka phakathi uhlobo oluthi "luzoguqa" ukuze luvumelane ne-penis imodeli esekelwe ku-graphene ibike ukuthi ikhulu kunamaphesenti angu-100 kune-steel.
2017
I-Nottingham, i-England yase-England yaseChondom Condom yafaka i.Con, ithengiswa njengekhondomu yokuqala yezwe smart. Idivayisi, empeleni iyindandatho evumelana nesisekelo sekhondomu, ingakunika izibalo kuzo zonke izici zobunikazi bakho kanye nokusebenza kocansi okungakaze udingeke ukwazi (njengokubhinca, ama-calories ashisa, njll) kodwa futhi uthi uyakwazi ukuthola izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi ezifana ne-chlamydia ne-syphilis.
Imithombo:
> Donadio, R. kanye noGoodstein, L. "Ngemuva kokudluliswa kwekhondomu, iVatican iqinisekisa iShift." I-New York Times; Ngo-Novemba 23, 2010.
> Khan, L .; I-Mukhtar, i-S .; Dickinson, I .; et al. "Indaba yekhondomu." Ind J Urology . 2013; 29 (1): 12-15.
> Weber, P. "Hlanganisa amakhondomu angu-11 wekusasa okhethwe yi-Bill Gates." Iviki; Novemba 21, 2013.
> Winfield, N. "UPapa Francis akafuni ukukhuluma nge-HIV namakhondomu." I-Business Insider, ngoNovemba 30, 2015.