Yebo, Uma Usebenzela Umqashi Omncane; Mhlawumbe esikhathini esizayo Ngaphandle kwalokho
I-Care Affordable Act idinga abaqashi ukuthi banikeze izinzuzo zomshuwalense wezempilo-kubasebenzi abasebenza amahora angama-30 ngesonto-uma benabasebenzi abangu- 50 noma ngaphezulu . Kodwa amaphesenti angu-96 abaqashi base-US anabasebenzi abangaphansi kuka-50, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuba banikeze izinzuzo zezempilo kubasebenzi babo.
Abaningi babo benza, kunjalo. Ngokwenhlolovo eyenziwe yiTransamerica Center for Health Studies ngo-Agasti 2015, izinzuzo zomshuwalense wezempilo zinikezwa ngamaphesenti angu-61 amabhizinisi anabasebenzi abangaphansi kuka-50 (nakuba lokho kungase kube ukulinganisa okuphezulu; i- National Federation of Independent Business analysis kucacise ukuthi kuphela Amaphesenti angama-29 amabhizinisi anabasebenzi abangaphansi kuka-50 ayehlinzeka ngo-2015).
Izinhlelo zomshuwalense wezempilo ezincane zitholakala kuzo zonke izifundazwe, futhi abaqashi abanabasebenzi abangaphansi kuka-25 bangakwazi ukuthola isikweletu semali yentela yokunakekelwa kwempilo yebhizinisi, ngokuya ngemali engenayo yabasebenzi bayo nokuthi inani lamakhokhemali akhokhelwa ngumqashi.
Kodwa kuthiwani ngabantu abasebenza kuwo wonke amabhizinisi amancane anganikeli izinzuzo zomshuwalense wezempilo? Kumele basebenzise imakethe yomshuwalense wempilo yomuntu ngamunye, lapho bangathenga khona ukukhishwa ngomshuwalense wezempilo , noma ngaphandle kokushintshaniswa (izinsizakalo azitholakali ngaphandle kokushintshaniswa).
Ukubuyiswa komqashi kuvunyelwe kusukela ngo-2017
Ngezinhlelo ezithengwa emakethe ngayinye (noma ekushintsheni), obhalisile-ngokumelene nomqashi-unesibophezelo sokukhokha ama-premium, nakuba izinkokhelo (okungukuthi izikweletu zentela ) zitholakala ekushintsheni abantu abafaneleka kwimali engenayo.
Kodwa imithethonqubo yokuqala yase-ACA yokuvimbela abaqashi ekubuyiseleni abasebenzi ngabomshwalense wempilo yamakethe ngamunye.
Lokhu kwashintsha kusukela ngo-2017, ngaphansi kwe-21st Century Cures Act (imininingwane engezansi ngezansi), kodwa ake sibheke ukuthi imithetho yahunyushwa kanjani ngaphambi kuka-2017:
I-ACA ngokwayo ishiye le nkinga evulekele ukuchazwa, kodwa i-IRS yabe isibhekisana nale nkinga ngokuqondile, kanti inhlawulo yokungahambisani nayo yayinamandla: intela yentengo ye $ 100 ngosuku, ngomsebenzi osebenzayo.
Lokhu kungaba ngaphezu kwama-$ 36,500 ngonyaka ngonyaka wezinkokhelo zomsebenzi ngamunye umqashi akhokhela amaphrimiyamu omshwalense ngamunye. Imithethonqubo yayihlelwe ukuthi izoqala ukusebenza ngoJanuwari 2014, kodwa kwafakwa uhlelo lokusiza okudlulayo okwakhawuleza inhlawulo kuze kufike ngoJulayi 2015.
Ngokuyinhloko, indlela i-IRS ehumusha ngayo isimiso se-ACA, ukubuyiselwa kwabasebenzi ngamakhokheyimu omakethe ngabanye kwakubhekwa ngokuthi "uhlelo lokukhokha umqashi." Izinhlelo ezinjalo zihambisana nokuguqulwa kwemikhiqizo yomshwalense wempilo yeqembu, kufaka phakathi nokuvinjelwa kokuphila kanye nemikhawulo yenzuzo yonyaka , kanye nesidingo sokunakekelwa okuthile okuvimbela ukukhokhelwa ngaphandle kokubiza kubhalisile .
Futhi, i-IRS icacile ngokucacile ukuthi izinhlelo zokukhokha zomqashi azikwazi ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zomshuwalense wezempilo emakethe ngamunye ukuze kufezeke izidingo zokuguqula izimakethe. Lokhu kwakuyiqiniso kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinguquko zezimakethe ze-ACA zisebenza kumacebo omakethe ngabanye, futhi zonke izinhlelo ezintsha zemakethe zithengiswa ngaphandle kokuphila noma umkhawulo wonyaka wenzuzo, kanye nezinzuzo ezifanayo zokunakekelwa kokuvikela njengoba izinhlelo zezempilo ezincane.
Akukho lutho oluvimbela abaqashi ukuba banikele abasebenzi babo ibhonasi ephakanyisiwe noma ekhokhiswayo esikhundleni sokuhlinzeka ngezinzuzo zomshuwalense wezempilo.
Kodwa izinzuzo ezikhokhelwa intela zezinyunithi zomshuwalense wezempilo weqembu kanye nezinhlelo zokubuyisela ezempilo azitholakali ukuthi zingasetshenziswa ukuze kubuyiselwe abasebenzi ngabakhokhemende bomshwalense ngamunye.
Ukuzama kokuqala ukuvumela ukubuyiswa akuzange kudlule: HR 5447, uMthetho Wokunakekelwa Kwezempilo Kwezamabhizinisi Amancane
I-HR 5447, umthetho we-bipartisan owaziwa ngokuthi uMthetho we-Small Business Health Care Relief Act ka-2016, wawuyokwenza kube ngokomthetho ukuthi abaqashi bakhokhele imali engama-$ 5,130 minyaka yonke emakhakheni omshwalense wempilo emakethe ngamunye, kuze kufike ku-$ 10,260 uma inqubomgomo ihlanganisa abasebenzi umndeni (lezi zixazululo zizobe zikhokhiswe ngokwezimali).
U-HR 5447 wadlulisela iNdikimba Yabameli ngoJuni 2016, futhi wayesekelwa yi-US Chamber of Commerce nezinhlangano ezincane zokukhuthaza amabhizinisi. Kodwa yanyuka eSenate.
Ihhovisi le-Congressional Budget linqume ukuthi u-HR 5447 "ngeke abe nomthelela ekulahlekeni kwesabelomali kuhulumeni ngonyaka wezi-2016-2026." Imali ebuyiselwe kubasebenzi bemishwalense yomshuwalense wezempilo izoba yikhokhwa intela, okuholela ekutholeni imali engenayo yentela yomphakathi. Kodwa uhulumeni wesifundazwe ngeke kudingeke anikeze izinsizakalo ze-premium ukuze abelane nabo ababhalise abaqashi babo abakhetha ukubuyisela ama-premium abo.
Umthetho wokuphulukisa wekhulu lama-21 uhamba ngo-2016, uvumela ukubuyisela kusukela ngo-2017
NgoDisemba 2016, u-HR34, uMthetho Wokuphulukisa Ngekhulu Lama-21, wasayinwa ngumthetho nguMongameli Obama. Umthetho ufinyeleleke kakhulu, kodwa enye yezinguquko ezenziwe ukuvumela amabhizinisi anabasebenzi abangaphansi kuka-50 ukuba bahlele Amalungiselelo Okubuyiselwa Kwezempilo Amancane Afanelekile (QSEHRA).
Uma ibhizinisi elincane linganikeli uhlelo lwe-inshuwalense yezempilo, i-QSEHRA izovumela ibhizinisi ukuthi libuyisele abasebenzi, intela engenayo intela, kwezinye izinto noma zonke izindleko zokuthenga umshwalense wempilo emakethe ngamunye, noma ukushintshaniswa (uma uhlelo kuthengwa ngokushintshaniswa, isisebenzi singasakwazi ukuthola imali ekhokhelwa imali ye-premium ekushintsheni, kodwa inani le-QSEHRA libhekwa lapho kunquma ukuthengwa kwemali, futhi inani le-ACA lenkxaso liyancishiswa ngenani lomsebenzi uthola kusuka kumqashi nge-QSEHRA).
Ukusebenzisa i-QSEHRA, inani eliphelele umqashi angakwazi ukuyibuyisela lingu-$ 4,950 ngenxa yokuqashwa komuntu oyedwa, kanye no-$ 10,000 ukufakwa komndeni (okungukuka-2017; inani likhokhelwe eminyakeni ezayo). Ukubuyiselwa okuphezulu kunikelwe ngenyanga, ngakho-ke isisebenzi esikhishwe phakathi nonyaka sizofanelekela kuphela inani elikhishwe ngokuphindaphindiwe lokubuyiselwa imali ngonyaka.
Ubani Osizwa Imithetho Ebuyisela Ukubuyisela?
Kubasebenzi abasebenza emabhizinisini amancane anganikeli umshuwalense wezempilo, ukutholakala kwezinsizakalo ze-premium ezithengiswaneni kuxhomeke enyangeni, kanye nobukhulu bomndeni kanye nezindleko zokwaziswa endaweni yomfakisicelo. Ngokuvamile, izinsizakalo zitholakala ezimweni eziningi uma imali engenayo yomndeni wesicelo ingadluli amaphesenti angama-400 ezinga lobuphofu.
Uma okwamanje uthola isikhwama somxhaso (premium tax) esikhwameni bese umqashi wakho eqala ukubuyisela imali ye-premium ngaphansi kwe-QSEHRA, isibonelelo sokushintshaniswa sizonciphisa inani lokubuyisela umqashi.
Kodwa uma ungafanelanga ukusizwa nge-premium ku-exchange (noma uma ukhona, kodwa ukhethe ukuthenga kwakho ngaphandle kwezokushintshaniswa, lapho izinsizakalo zingatholakali), i-QSEHRA ingakusiza ngokuqondile uma umqashi wakho enquma sebenzisa ngokunenzuzo leyo nketho.
Abaqashi abancane akudingeki ukuba babuyisele imali yeprimiyamu, njengoba nje kungadingeki ukuba banikeze umshuwalense wezempilo weqembu ngaphansi kwe-ACA. Kodwa i-QSEHRA ivumela ukuba bakwazi ukubuyisela izikhwama zemali yempesheni yomshuwalense wezempilo njengengxenye yesikhwama sezinzuzo zabasebenzi.
Amaphrimiyamu abuyiselwa emakethe ngamunye, okuye kwaba nama-premiums amaningi kakhulu kunezimakethe ezincane zamaqembu eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Abanye abaxhasi bezincwadi ze-QSEHRA bangase bakhuthaze abantu abaningi ukuba babhalise emkhakheni ngamunye / umndeni, okwethula ukuzinza emakethe ngamunye.
Abaqashi Abakhulu Bangakwazi Yini Ukubuyisela Amakhokheji Ezimakethe Ezimakethe?
Imithethonqubo yamanje ayivumeli abaqashi abakhulu ukuba bakhokhele amaphrimiyamu omthengi ngamunye. Abaqashi abanezisebenzi zesikhathi esigcwele ezingama-50 noma ngaphezulu kudingeka banikeze umshuwalense wezempilo weqembu (bathengwe kwinkampani yomshuwalense noma obunikazi bomshwalense) ukuze bagweme ukujeziswa kwegunya lomqashi ka-ACA, futhi babhekana nezinhlawulo ezinkulu, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla, uma ukubuyisela abasebenzi ngokukhokhela amaphrimiyamende emakethe.
Kodwa ngo-Okthoba 2017, uMongameli Trump wasayina i-oda eliphezulu elingagcina liholele emithethweni ekhululekile kulo magazini. Umyalelo wokuphatha awuguquli noma yimiphi imithetho ngokwayo, njengoba nje uqondisa izinhlaka ezehlukene zikahulumeni ukuba "ucabangele ukuhleleka kwemithetho" ezofeza imigomo ehlukahlukene.
Enye yale migomo ukukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo okubuyiselwa kwezempilo (HRAs) futhi unikeze ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe ekusetshenzisweni kwabo, kubandakanya "vumela [i-HRAs] ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokubambisana nokuhlanganiswa kwe-nongroup."
Ngakho iMinyango Yezabasebenzi, uMgcinimafa, kanye neMpilo Nemisebenzi Yomuntu ingahle ihlele imithetho emisha ukuze kuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwama-HRA ngabaqashi abakhulu (mhlawumbe bonke abaqashi, noma mhlawumbe kuze kube inani elithile labasebenzi). Imithethonqubo ehlongozwayo kuzodingeka iqhubekele inqubo evamile yokwenza umthetho efaka isaziso somphakathi kanye nesikhathi sokuphawula. Kodwa uma beqedile, babezoshintsha imithetho ephathelene nokusetshenziswa kwama-HRA ukuze babuyiselwe amaphrimiyamu omakethe ngamunye.
Konke lokhu kusekhona emoyeni, njengoba singasazi ukuthi kuzoba yini emithethweni ezobe ihlongozwa. Okubaluleke kakhulu umbuzo wokuthi ngabe abaqashi bangazigcwalisa yini izidingo zomsebenzi zabasebenzi ngokubuyiselwa konke noma ingxenye yesikhwama somthengi ngamunye wemakethe, nokuthi ngabe ukukhokhelwa okubuyiselwe kuzodingeka kuhlangabezane nezimfuneko ezingaphansi kwezinga lezinzuzo ezinikezayo.
Kodwa ngenkathi imininingwane ingacacile, kubonakala sengathi imithetho ephathelene nabaqashi ukubuyisela amaphrimiyamu omshwalense wempilo emakethe ngamunye angase akhululeke ngaphansi kwe-Trump Administration.
Imithombo:
I-Congress.gov, i-HR34 - Umthetho wokuphulukiswa kwekhulu lama-21. Yenziwe ngo-12/13/2016
Ihhovisi likaBongameli be-Congressional, i-HR5447 Act Relief Act ye-2016.
Isevisi yangaphakathi yeNzuzo, Amalungiselelo Okunakekelwa Kwezempilo Umqashi.
Insizakalo yangaphakathi yemali engenayo, Inkokhelo Yentela Yokunakekelwa Kwempilo Yamabhizinisi Amancane kanye ne-SHOP Marketplace.
Isikhungo se-Transamerica se-Health Studies, Survey: Izinkampani Ziguquzela Isimiso Sompilo , December 2015.
I-White House, Ihhovisi likaNobhala Wezezindaba. I-oda elihle likaMengameli likhuthaza ukuKhethwa Nokunakekelwa Kwezempilo KwezeMpilo E-United States. Okthoba 12, 2017.