Ukuhlolwa kwe-computed tomography (CT) kuyindlela evamile esetshenziselwa ukuthatha izithombe zobuchopho. Ngenkathi izithombe zingekho ukuxazulula okuphezulu njenge-MRI scan, ukuhlola kwe-CT kungcono okukhethwa kukho okusheshayo nokungabizi okungcono kakhulu ekutholeni izinkinga ezinkulu ezifana negazi noma ukuhlukana ngaphakathi kwegazi.
I-Neuroradiology yokuqala
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi uhlelo lwe-CT lusebenza kanjani, kubalulekile ukubukeka emuva emlandweni.
Ekuqaleni, indlela eyedwa yokuthatha isithombe salokho okwakungaphakathi kwekhanda lomuntu kwakuwukusebenzisa i-X ray. I-X-ray iyimigodi yemisebe emisebeni ehlanganiswa ngezindlela ezahlukene ezihlukahlukene. Isibonelo, umoya awunamatheli noma yikuphi ama-x-ray, kanti ithambo lithatha okuningi. Ngokubeka ifilimu ephikisana nomthombo we-x-ray, singathola umqondo wenombolo ye-X ray eyenele into (kithi, inhloko), futhi sisebenzise lolo lwazi ukufaka into ethile mayelana nhlobo izicubu ziphenywa.
Isibonelo, ngoba ama-X-rays awadluli amathambo amakhulu, ambalwa kakhulu ama-X-rays azoshaya ifilimu uma ithambo liphakathi komthombo we- X kanye nefilimu. Kulokhu, ifilimu izohlala imhlophe ngokuma kwe-skull.
Indlela I-CT Scan isebenza ngayo
I-tomography yekhompuyutha yasungulwa kusukela ku-X-ray ubuchwepheshe, futhi izimiso eziningi ziyafana. E-CT, kunokuba nje uthathe ukudubula okulodwa kwesiguli, i-X-ray ibhagi iyajikelezwa ekhanda emazingeni ahlukene.
Ukwaziswa kwe-X-ray kuhlanganiswa yikhompyutha ukudala uchungechunge lwezithombe ezibukeka njengokungathi ubuchopho buhlanjululwe njengokufana nesinkwa. Lezi tincetu ziqala phezulu kobuchopho futhi zisebenza phansi ezisekelweni ze-skull, ezibonisa izakhiwo ezifana nezicubu ezithambile, i-liquid, bone kanye nomoya.
Njenge-X-ray yendabuko, izakhiwo ezinomsoco zibonakala zikhanya kakhulu ku-CT scan futhi zibhekwa njengezingxubevange. Izindawo ezimnyama, ngokuphambene, kuthiwa yi-hypodensities. Isibonelo, ithambo libonakala limhlophe elikhanyayo ku-CT scan, futhi uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal lubonakala lumnyama. Ubuchopho bubonakala emathunzini asempunga.
Indlela Okungahle Kuvele Ngayo Ebonakalayo ku-CT Scan
I-scan ye-CT ingathola izinkinga eziningana ezihlukene ekhanda.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe- CT emangcwabeni kuyasiza kakhulu ekutholeni igazi lapho kungekho khona. I- hemorrhage entsha engena emithanjeni ihlanganisa ngokushesha, ibe yindima futhi ikhanya ngokukhanya kakhulu kwi-CT scans. Ekugcineni, i-clot idilizwe ngumzimba, ube nombono ofanayo nobuchopho ngemva kwesonto elilodwa, bese ubonakala emnyama ngemva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu.
- Isihlungu Sase-Ischemic Ngokungafani nokudla kwesisu, ukushaywa kwe-ischemic, akuvame ukubonakala ngokushesha ku-CT scan. Ngemva kwamahora amathathu, izimpawu ezicashile zingabonwa ngabafundi abanekhono bokuhlola kwe-CT, futhi ngemva kwamahora angu-6 kuya kwangu-12, i-hypodensity ecacile kakhulu ibonakala endaweni yesifo. Lo buningi bayoba mnyama nesikhathi njengoba izicubu zobuchopho zibuyiselwa futhi zithathelwa yi- cerebrospinal fluid .
- I-Tumor ibukeka ngokungafani ku-CT scan kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwesisu nokuthi umdlavuza oye waqala kanjani. Ezinye izicubu zinezibalo ezikhanya ngokukhanya, kanti ezinye zakha i-hypodense, ama-cysts agcwele amanzi. Idayi ehlukile yokungafani ingasiza ekuboneni izicubu ku-CT scan.
- I-abscesses I- abscess iyisifo sokuzivikela ukuthi isimiso somzimba samasosha omzimba sihlanganiswe njengendlela yokuwukhipha kuwo wonke umzimba. Ama-Abscess ngokuvamile avela enhlobonhlobo, futhi ngokuphambene, uhlangothi lomkhakha luzobonakala lukhanya.
- Imithwalo yemisa Uma ingcindezi ikhiqiza ngemuva kwengxenye yobuchopho, ingahamba futhi iphoqe izakhiwo ezibalulekile, ihlanekeze ubuchopho obujwayelekile bomqondo. Kulayini lwe-CT, lesi sici sabantu abaningi singabonakala njenge-asymmetry yezikhungo ezijwayelekile ezifana ne-ventricles noma i-sulci.
Izicelo eziningi ze-neurological ze-CT Scans
Ukuhlola kwe-CT kungahlanganiswa namasu ahlukene ukuze uphenye kangcono izingxenye ezithile zesistimu yezinzwa.
Isibonelo, ukuze uthole isithombe esingcono semithambo yegazi ebuchosheni, i- CT angiogram ingenziwa. Kulolu cwaningo, ukungafani kujojowe emithanjeni ukuze kugcizelele imikhumbi yobuchopho. Lokhu kuyasiza ekutholeni ama- aneurysms kanye nezinye izinkinga ezingasebenzi.
I-myelogram ye-CT ingasetshenziselwa ukuphenya isikhala se-cerebrospinal emthonjeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, idayi yokuhlukanisa ididithi ijoyiwe isikhala ngokukhishwa kwe-lumbar. Lokhu kungasiza ekubhekeni izimpande zesisindo noma ukucindezela komgogodla.
Ucwaningo lwe-CT perfusion luphinde lubandakanye ukujoqa ukuhlukana phakathi kwemithambo yegazi, kodwa manje, umehluko ulandelwa ngesikhathi sangempela njengoba uhambela izicubu zobuchopho. Leli yindlela ethile ngezinye izikhathi esetshenziselwa ukuphenya umsebenzi wegazi wesitshalo ngaphambi kokwelashwa okungapheli kwe-stroke.
Ukwenziwa kahle, ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kungasiza kakhulu ekuphenyweni kwezifo ze-neurological, ikakhulukazi kuzilungiselelo eziphuthumayo.
Imithombo:
I-Blumenfeld H, i-Neuroanatomy ngokusebenzisa ama-Clinical Cases. I-Sunderland: Abakwa-Sinauer Associates Publishers 2002.
URobert I. Grossman noDavid M. Yousem. I-Neuroradiology: I-Requisites yesibili i-ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2003.