AmaHhomomu Ezinso Elawula Ukucindezeleka Kwegazi
Uhlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin luyiqembu lama-hormone ahlobene asebenza ndawonye ukulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi. Ibizwa ngokuthi uhlelo ngoba ingxenye ngayinye ithonya ezinye izingxenye futhi konke kudingekile ukuba yonke isebenze kahle. Uhlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin, ukusebenza ndawonye nezinso, yilona uhlelo olubaluleke kakhulu lwemigomo yokulawulwa kwengcindezi yesikhathi eside.
Ngenkathi izinguquko zesikhashana zomshuwalense wegazi zibangelwa yizici ezihlukahlukene, cishe zonke izinguquko ze-blood pressure zesikhathi eside ziwumthwalo wezinso kanye nesistimu ye-renin-angiotensin.
Uhlelo Lwe-Renin-Angiotensin Lusebenza Kanjani?
Amalungu abalulekile ohlelweni lwe-renin-angiotensin:
- Renin
- Angiotensin I
- Angiotensin II
- Angiotensin Ukuguqula Enzyme (ACE)
Uma ukucindezeleka kwegazi kwehla nganoma yisiphi isizathu, amangqamuzana akhethekile asezinso athola ushintsho futhi akhulula inhlawulo egazini. U-Renin ngokwayo awuthinteli ngempela umfutho wegazi . Esikhundleni salokho, sisondela nxazonke futhi sishintsha amafomu angasebenzi a-angiotensin abe angiotensin I. Lezi zinhlobo ezingasebenzi ezingeni lika-angiotensin, ezikhiqizwa yisibindi, azikwazi ukushintsha ukucindezelwa kwegazi kuze kube yilapho i-renin iguqula ibe i-angiotensin I.
I-Angiotensin Ngikwazi ukuguqula ukucindezelwa kwegazi ngandlela-thile, kodwa akunamandla ngokwanele ukudala ushintsho olukhulu.
Esikhundleni salokho, iningi lama-angiotensin Ngiguqulelwa ku-angiotensin II, i-hormone enamandla kakhulu okwenza ushintsho olukhulu lwegazi. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwesibili kwenzeka ngokuyinhloko emaphashini ngezenzo zenye i-molecule ebizwa nge-angiotensin-guqula i-enzyme (ACE). (Lokhu kuguqulwa kungavalwa ngemithi ebizwa nge-ACE Inhibitors, uhlobo olubalulekile lwemithi ephakeme yegazi .)
I-Angiotensin II iyi-hormone eqinile futhi ingenza ngokuqondile emithanjeni yegazi ukwandisa umfutho wegazi. Unomunye umsebenzi obalulekile njengokugqugquzela ukukhululwa kwe-aldosterone. I-Aldosterone iyi- vasoconstrictor enamandla kakhulu eyenza ukwanda okukhulu kwegazi kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba kungashintsha umsebenzi wokuhlunga okuyisisekelo wezinso. I-Aldosterone ibangela izinso ukuthi zigcine usawoti namanzi, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwandisa inani lomkhuhlane emzimbeni. Lokhu kwenyuka, kuphakamisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi.
Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, i-angiotensin I, i-angiotensin II, ne-aldosterone idilizwe kwezinye i-molecule. Uhlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin, njengalo lonke, luphendula kokubili ukushintshashintsha kwesikhashana kanye nesikhathi eside e-blood pressure. It isebenze ngamaconsi okungazelelwe e-blood pressure, njengaleyo eyenzeka ngemva kokulahlekelwa kwegazi, kodwa futhi ivuselelwe ukushintshashintsha kwegazi okuncane, okuncane kakhulu.
Njengomlawuli wesikhathi eside wengcindezi yegazi, uhlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin lunezinga eliqhubekayo lomsebenzi, futhi empeleni lisebenza ngendlela efana ne-gas pedal yemoto. Ukucindezela njalo nge-gas pedal kuyadingeka ukugcina imoto iqhubekela phambili, ngisho nalapho ufuna nje ukuhamba ngesivinini esifanayo.
Uma udinga, noma kunjalo, ungacindezela phansi ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze uphuthume ngokushesha. Ngokufanayo, umsebenzi oqhubekayo ohlelweni lwe-renin-angiotensin ugcina ingcindezi yegazi igxilile esikhathini eside, kepha ukuqhuma okungazelelwe kwenzeka lapho kwenzeka impendulo esheshayo.
Kungani I-Renin-Angiotensin System Ebalulekile Ekucindezelekeni Kwegazi Eliphakeme?
Amaphepha esayense, izethulo zenkomfa, kanye nezincwadi zombhalo wonke zilotshwe ngokubaluleka kwesistimu ye-renin-angiotensin emthethweni wegazi wegazi. Lena yindawo ejulile yocwaningo eyenziwa ngabanye besosayensi abanekhono kakhulu emhlabeni.
Uhlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin lunake kakhulu ngoba luyaziwa ukuthi luyisici esibalulekile esingasisiza siqonde:
- Okwenza abantu bathuthukise ukucindezeleka kwegazi nhlobo
- Kungani abanye abantu bengaphenduli kahle ekwelapheni okuphezulu kwegazi
- Kungani abanye abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu beba nezinkinga eziningi kunezinye
Isibonelo, iziguli zase-Afrika zaseMelika ezinomfutho wegazi ophezulu ngokuvamile aziphenduli kahle ku-ACE inhibitors ngokuqondene neminye imithi. Lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi abantu base-Afrika-baseMelika banezinga elihlukile lomsebenzi ohlelweni lwabo lwe-renin-angiotensin, okwenza bazwele kancane kwezidakamizwa ezisebenza ngokuvimbela uhlelo.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa kwegazi eliphezulu eziphumelelayo eziye zakhiwa njengomphumela oqondile wokuqonda kwethu uhlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin. Kanye nama-ACE inhibitors, okuvimbela ukuguqulwa kwe-angiotensin I-angiotensin II, ezinye izidakamizwa zisebenza ngokukhomba izingxenye ezahlukene zesistimu. I-Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) , isibonelo, ukuvimbela i-angiotensin I ne-angiotensin II ekubopheleleni emithanjeni yegazi futhi kubangele isisoconstriction.
Ngenkathi imininingwane emihle yesistimu ye-renin-angiotensin isatholakala, ukuqonda kwethu le ndlela ebalulekile yokulawula sekuye kwaholela ekuthuthukiseni ukwelashwa okuphezulu kwegazi eliphezulu nokuqonda kangcono indlela yokuphatha ukucindezeleka kwegazi ngaphezulu kwesikhathi eside.