Izinkinga zokungcola nezokulinganisela yizikhalazo ezivamile ezivela kubantu abaye baqhubeka behlukunyezwa ikhanda kanye nokulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu. Njengamanje kulinganiselwa ukuthi okungenani amaphesenti angu-30 abasinda ebuchosheni abanosizi bahlupheka ngalezi zinkinga. Izimpawu ezivamile zihlanganisa:
- Uzwa ukukhanya okuhlosiwe noma woozy
- Umqondo wokuthi imvelo ezungezile iphikisiwe, noma ihlukumeza
- Kunzima ukulondoloza ukuma okuqondile
- Ugxeka, wehla
- Ukungakwazi ukuxhumanisa umzimba, izitho, nokunyakaza kwesandla
- I-nausea nokuhlanza
Kunezici eziningana ezithonya ingozi yomuntu yokuthuthukisa izinkinga zokulinganisela ngemuva kokusekela ukuhlukunyezwa kwentloko. Lezi zihlanganisa ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho eyalimala, ubuhlungu bokulimala kobuchopho, nokulimala kwezinye izitho nezakhi zomzimba.
Izingozi ezibuhlungu ezithinta ikhanda zingathinta ezinye izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba. Kungase kube khona ukulimala komgogodla, amathambo amakhulu ama-skeleton, nezitho ezinjengamehlo nezindlebe. Zonke lezi zinhlelo zifaka isandla ekulondolozeni ibhalansi.
Okokugcina, imishanguzo esetshenziselwa ukuphatha izimpawu zekhanda lokuhlukumeza ikhanda ingadala futhi ukuholela enkingeni yezosizi nokulinganisela.
Zonke lezi zimbangela ezidingekayo kufanele zicutshangelwe uma uzama ukunquma imvelaphi yezinkinga zokulinganisela emva kokuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda.
Amaphesenti nemiphumela
Ukuhlala okulinganiselayo nokuhlelekile kuyinkqubo eqhubekayo.
Amehlo, izindlebe, isikhumba, imisipha, nezinzwa zokucindezela ziqhubeka zithumela imiyalezo ebuchosheni, ikakhulukazi ubuchopho nobuchopho, mayelana nesimo somzimba esikhala.
I-brainstem ne-cerebellum zisekelwe ebuchosheni ngemuva kwekhanda. I-brainstem ihlanganisa ulwazi oluluthola emzimbeni amaningi, imizwa, nezinzwa zokucindezela, futhi kanye ne-cerebellum inquma ukuthi umzimba udinga ukuphendula kanjani.
Ubuchopho bungase buqondise imisipha ethile ukuze iqine kanye neminye imisipha ukuze iphumule. Kungase futhi ithumele umlayezo oseduze osheshayo ngento ethi "i-reflex-ocular reflex" phakathi kwezindlebe zangaphakathi namehlo. Lokhu kwenza amehlo agcine noma yiziphi izinguquko zomzimba ngokuzumayo, ukuze ubone ukuthi uya kuphi.
Ukulimala kobuchopho
Ukulimala ku-brainstem noma i-cerebellum kuyingozi kakhulu. Iphazamisa izinhlelo eziningana zokulinganisela nokulingana. Ukulimala kungavimbela ikhono lokuthola impendulo emzimbeni, ukuhlaziya lolo lwazi, noma ukuthumela impendulo efanele yokulungisa.
Ukulimala Okuhlangene: Amaconsi, Ama-Ears, nama-Eye
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda kuyenzeka njalo kumongo wezinye ukulimala ngokomzimba. Uma izimbambo, umgogodla, i-pelvis, noma amathambo ende emilenzeni ephukile, kunenkinga yokwakha eyenza ukungafani kahle.
Ukulimala ezindlebeni kubalulekile ngoba indlebe yangaphakathi iqukethe imisele yamanzi amaningi egcwele amanzi eyingxenye yesistimu ye-vestibular. Lolu hlelo luthumela imilayezo esheshayo ebuchosheni be-brainstem mayelana nesimo sekhanda esikhala. Uma amakristalu amancane akhiwe ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaba sezindlebe avuliwe, angaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-benign paroxysmal positional veritional (BPPV).
Ukulimala ohlelweni lokubuka kubangele nokungalingani emva kokuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda. Lokhu kulimala kungabandakanya ukulimala iso ngokwayo, noma ukulimaza izinzwa ezithumela izimpawu ezibonakalayo ebuchosheni. Ukulahlekelwa ngombono okuhlukile, umbono olahlekile noma oguqulwe ukujula, umbono ombumbulu, ubunzima bokugxila amehlo, futhi ukungaphenduli ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuthi zonke izinto eziphilayo zingakhuthuka.
Imithi
Imithi ehlukahlukene isetshenziselwa ukuphatha izimpawu ze-headaches. Lokhu kufaka:
- Ama-antibiotics
- Imithi yokucindezelwa kwegazi
- Izidakamizwa zokulwa ne-Anti-seizure
- Imithi yobuhlungu
- Amaphilisi okulala
Ngaphambi kokuba uzuze isizungu no-vertigo, ukubuyekezwa ngokucophelela kwemithi kufanele kugcwaliswe ukuze kunqume ukuthi ngabe yiyiphi imbangela yezimpawu.
Uma ngabe imbangela yokuxazulula izinkinga isinqunyiwe, ukwelashwa kungaqaliswa.
Imithombo:
Inness EL, Howe J, Niechwiej-Szwedo E, et al. Ukulinganisa Ukulinganisela Nokuhamba Ngemva Kokulimala Okubuhlungu Kwe-Brain: Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Community Balance kanye ne-Mobility Scale (i-CB & M). Physiotherapy Canada . 2011; 63 (2), 199-208 10p.
Ukuzilimaza okubangelwa ukulimala okubuhlungu kwengqondo nokuthungatha ukucindezeleka kwe-posttraumatic ekubhekaneni nokulinganisela kwamabhasi ase-exploticemembers kanye nabase-Veterans abasebenzisa i-computer emva kokubhala kabusha. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development . 2015; 52 (5), 591-604 13p.