Izimbangela Zezemidlalo Nezimpikiswano Ezingezona Zemidlalo
Ukuchaza imbangela yenkinga akuyona isayensi eqondile-okungenani kungakafiki. Kukhona inala esingasazi ngalokho okwenzekayo ukudala ingxabano, igama elingasetshenziswanga yonke indawo. "Ukuncintisana" yizwi lokuzikhethela ezemidlalo, kodwa "ukulimala okubuhlungu kwengqondo" kusho igama elisetshenziselwa amasosha. Ngisho nocwaningo luhlukile phakathi kokubili.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiyiphi indlela, okuwukuphela kwenkathi embangela yenkambinkimbi ukuthi kukhona ukushaya ekhanda.
Izimbangela ezivamile
Ukulimala ebuchosheni ngokuxhumana ngqo, ukuphikisana (okubizwa nangokuthi "ukugqoka"), nokushaya ngaphakathi kwe-skull ngenkathi ukusheshisa noma ukunciphisa (okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhishwa kwe-contracoup) kuyimbangela yangempela yokuncintisana. Izinhlobo ezithile zemisebenzi ziyaziwa ukuthi zinezimo eziphakeme zalokhu.
Ukucubungula kubangelwa ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: izimpikiswano ezihlobene nezemidlalo kanye nezimpikiswano ezingezona ezemidlalo. Phakathi kwalaba ababili, kunomthelela oncane emonakalweni wangempela ebuchosheni, kodwa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okugxilwe ekutholeni kanye nokuthola ukuncintisana kwezemidlalo kuyashintsha ukubika-ngakho-ke ukukala kwamagciwane-kuvula futhi kuvaliwe ensimini.
Izizathu Ezihlobene Nezemidlalo
Kuzo zonke imidlalo, ibhoksi yinkosi yezimpikiswano. Ngempela, indlela eqinisekisiwe yokunqoba ukukhipha ingxabano kumphikisi wakho (kumkhiphe ngaphandle).
Ukucwaninga ngamabhokisi amateur kubonisa ukuthi ukugqekeza akuyona indlela kuphela yokubangela ingxabano nokho.
Ukuphazamiseka okuphindaphindiwe ekhanda-nakuba kungabangela ukulahlekelwa okujulile-kubangelwa izingcikitsi noma ukulinganisa izimpikiswano ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kuthatha cishe isikhathi eside ukuba umbhokisi othile aphinde alulame ngokugcwele ngemuva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyabanjwa noma cha. Eqinisweni, uma umbhokisi wesibhakela engagodliwe, kusho nje ukuthi uchitha isikhathi esiningi ukuthobeka.
Ibhola lihle kakhulu kunomphumela omkhulu wezimpikiswano ezemidlalo yentsha. Ibuye ibambe iqhaza elikhulu kakhulu emdlalweni owodwa. Abagijimi besikolo samabanga aphezulu banyuke ngokuphawulekayo ekubambezelweni kwesikhathi eside emakolishi. Abacwaningi abaqiniseki ukuthi kungani, ikakhulukazi njengoba abadlali bekolishi belimala kakhulu emkhakheni.
Ukwazi ukuthi ibhola lidala izimpikiswano kuye kwaholela ekusekeleni okuningi kwezokwelapha kubadlali abasensimini nasehhovisi likadokotela. Konke ukunakwa kungase kwandise ukutholakala nokubika kwezimpikiswano, okungezelelwe kwenezela kuzibalo. Abagijimi beKholeji banokufinyelela okwengeziwe ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha kokubili nangaphandle kwensimu, okungase kube nento okumele yenze ngayo lapho abagijimi bekolishi belula ngokushesha.
Ibhola lebhola labesifazane ngumdlalo weqembu lesifazane elinenani eliphakeme kakhulu lokuncintisana. Ngokungafani nebhola lomdlalo-lapho ikhanda lokuxhumana phakathi kwabadlali kuyimbangela enkulu yokuncintisana-ibhola lezinsikazi labesifazane kubangela izingxoxo eziningi uma abadlali bewela phansi.
Kodwa cishe wonke umdlalo weqembu lezemfundo ubangela izingxabano ngandlela-thile. I-Volleyball, i-cheerleading, i-softball, i-baseball, i-basketball, ne-lacrosse yibo bonke abanomthwalo wokuncintisana kwabadlali ekukhuleni izinombolo kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Emncintiswaneni wezemfundo, ukulwa nomdlalo yilowo nalowo (okungewona iqembu) ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuncintisana. Ukuthunjwa kubangela izinkomba eziningi.
Izimpikiswano ezingezona ezemidlalo
Ngaphandle kwe-gridiron noma indandatho, izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zengxabano zenzeka empini. Izimpikiswano ezihlobene nezempi noma ezempi azibikwa ngendlela efanayo nezindinganiso ezihlobene nezemidlalo, ngakho-ke ayikho indlela yokuqhathanisa ngokuqondile. Kodwa-ke, izimbangela zokuncintisana empini zibhalwe kahle futhi zivame ukuba zivame ukuhlobene nokuqhuma.
Njengemikhakha ehlobene nezemidlalo, abaqaphi banokufinyelela kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha ngaphambi nangemva kokuncintisana, okuvumela ukuhlolwa okuningi okujulile kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqala kokuncintisana.
Lezo zivivinyo zisiza ngokuthola ukuxilongwa emva kokulimala.
Ngaphandle kokuqhuma, ezinye izimbangela ezithintekayo emisebenzini yempi zifana nokulimala emisebenzini yezimboni ezingezona ezempi: ukushayisana kwemoto, ukuwa, ukushaya kwekhanda ngengozi, njll Ngaphandle komsebenzi wezempi, iningi labantu alitholi ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngokujwayelekile ukuze kunqume ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological umsebenzi ngaphambi kokulimala. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukukhomba kahle izingcingo ezivela enkundleni yokudlala noma empini.
I-Genetics
Ukucubungula kwakucatshangwa ukuthi sekuyisimo esincane sempilo-noma cha isimo. Kuphela kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-21 kunesibindi sokungqubuzana kuyafika ekukhanyeni futhi ucwaningo lusabanjwa.
Ayikho uphawu olucacile lwezakhi zofuzo ukukhomba ingozi ephezulu yokulimala noma umphumela omubi, kodwa kubonakala sengathi abesifazane babenomngcele ophansi wokulimala kokuncintisana kunamadoda kokubili idatha yezemidlalo nezempi.
Izingozi Zezingozi
Into ebaluleke kakhulu engozini yokuncintisana ingumncintiswano wangaphambilini noma ukuphoqa okuphindaphindiwe ekhanda. Isibhokisi, isibonelo, sihlotshaniswa nengozi ephezulu kakhulu yokulimala kwesikhashana eside ngenxa yokushaya kwekhanda eliqondile. Ukugwema ukulimala okuqondile, okuphindaphindiwe kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni ubungozi bomuntu siqu.
Lokhu kusho, ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ukuba ugweme ngokuphelele ukuziphatha. Umdlali webhola lebhola noma isosha lomsebenzi uzokwehliswa. Ucwaningo olulodwa lubonise ukuthi kunezindlela ezingase zenzeke ukunciphisa amathuba okulimala okwenziwa ngesikhathi kushaya inhloko. Isibonelo, ukwanda kwamandla emisipha yentamo kuboniswe ukunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo kokulimala, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa nokulindela nokwehla komthelela. Uma kunokwenzeka, ukugqoka amakhanda okuphepha okwakhiwe kahle kunciphisa ingozi, kanye nokufaka esikhundleni izigqoko uma kudingeka.
> Imithombo:
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> Eckner, J., Oh, Y., Joshi, M., Richardson, J., & Ashton-Miller, J. (2014). Umthelela wamandla we-neck muscle kanye nokulindela imisipha yomlomo wesibeletho ekuphenduleni kwe-Kinematic kwekhanda kuya emithwalo yemithwalo yemvelo. I-American Journal Of Sports Medicine , 42 (3), 566-576. i-doi: 10.1177 / 0363546513517869
> McKee, A., noRobinson, M. (2014). Ukulimala okuphathelene nokulwa nobuchopho nokuhlukumeza komqondo. I-Alzheimer's & Dementia , 10 (3), i-S242-S253. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.jalz.2014.04.003
> Neselius, S., Brisby, H., Marcusson, J., Zetterberg, H., Blennow, K., & Karlsson, T. (2014). Ukuhlolwa kwe-Neurological kanye nobuhlobo bayo nama-BiFarkers ku-Amateur Boxers. Plos ONE , 9 (6), e99870. i-doi: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.pone.0099870
> Rowson, S., Bland, M., Campolettano, E., Press, J., Rowson, B., & Smith, J. et al. (2016). Izinhloso ze-Biomechanical on Concussion in Sport. Ukuhlolwa Kwezemidlalo Nokubukeza Kwe- Arthroscopy , 24 (3), 100-107. i-doi: 10.1097 / jsa.0000000000000121
> Shrey, D., Griesbach, G., & Giza, C. (2011). I-Pathophysiology Yezimpikiswano Entsha. Imithi Yokwenyama Nemitholampilo Yokuvuselela I-North America , 22 (4), 577-602. doi: 10.1016 / j.pmr.2011.08.002