Ukuqonda izimbangela zamatshe kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala okukhulu
Kungani abantu asebekhulile bewa? Ngokuphambene nokucatshangwa okuvamile, ukucabangela okungalungile noma ukuqhuma okungase kungabi icala, ngokusho kokucwaninga okuvela kuSimon Fraser University eyakhishwa ngo-2012.
Ucwaningo, olushicilelwe ku- The Lancet , luwokuqala ukusebenzisa idatha yevidiyo yedijithali kusuka kumakhamera avaliwe okufakwe ezindaweni zokunakekela zesikhathi eside . Amakhamera afakwe ezindaweni ezivamile ezifana namagumbi okuhlala nemigwaqo yemindeni emibili ehlengikazi e-British Columbia, enegunya labahlali nabasebenzi.
Inhloso yocwaningo, ngokusho komlobi oyinhloko uStephen Robinovitch, kwakuzokwenza ukuthi kunqume ukuthi yini eyenza ukuwa kwawo kube njalo, kunokuba ithembele kumbuzo wemibuzo noma okuthiwa yi-self-report emva kweqiniso, njengoba izifundo zangaphambilini zenze.
Ingqikithi yezingu-227 iwela phakathi kwabakhamuzi abangu-130 bathunjwa ngevidiyo, futhi bahlaziywa ithimba likaRobinovitch e-Injury Prevention and Mobility Laboratory yunivesithi.
"Lokhu kuyisifundo sokuqala sokuqoqa ubufakazi obubalulekile bembangela nezimo zokuwa," kusho uRobinovitch. "Idatha yangaphambili iqoqwe ngendlela engavamile futhi incike kwimemori yomuntu yalokho okwabangela ukuba bawa-noma izinkumbulo zomfakazi uma bekhona. Sifuna ukuthola ividiyo ezokwenza njengebhokisi elimnyama endizeni ukuthola ukuthi yini eyabangela ukuphahlazeka. "
Izingozi Zokuwa
Ukuphuka kubantu asebekhulile kungaba yingozi, izibalo ziveza. Eqinisweni, ukuwa kungumbuzo owodwa wokulimala nokufa okuhlobene nokulimala kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65.
ECanada, abantu abangaba ngu-27 000 asebekhulile bahlushwa isisu (i- hip ephukile ) unyaka ngamunye, befaka izindleko zokwelapha ezingaphezu kwe-$ 1B; e-US, kunezinhlaka ezingu-300,000 ze-hip fractures njalo ngonyaka. Ingxenye yesine yeziguli ezinezinyosi zenyonga zizofa zingakapheli unyaka, kanti isigamu sizohlaselwa kakhulu ekuzimele, njengokuphoqeleka ukuba sisuke ekhaya emphakathini bese kunakekelwa isikhathi eside.
Okubangela Ngempela Imifula
Ngesikhathi isizungu, imiphumela emibi yezokwelapha, nezimo ezithile zempilo ezifana ne-arrhythmias zingabangela ukuwa, iningi liwela esikhathini esedlule lithathwa ngokuthi "ama-slips kanye nokuhamba" okulula, ngokusho kukaRobinovitch. Izimbangela zazinqunywa ngokubuza abadala ngokwabo, noma kusukela ekubuyiseleni kwe-laboratory yokushiya, ngokusebenzisa izifundo ezincane kakhulu. Kodwa lezi zimbangela zangaphandle, njengokungena ngezindawo ezingenalutho noma ukubamba unyawo emlenzeni wesitulo noma ohambahambayo, kuphela okubangele ukuwa kwezingu-20% ezifundweni zikaSimon Fraser.
Okuvamile kakhulu kwawa ngenxa yalokho okushiwo abacwaningi ngokuthi "ukudluliswa okungalungile noma ukuguqulwa komzimba," okwaba ngamaphesenti angama-41%. Lezi zihilela ukunyakaza komzimba okwenze ukuba isikhungo sokuvuthwa kwemvelo sishintshe ngendlela engafanele ngenkathi sihamba noma simile, futhi ngoba kubonakala sengathi sizimisele-noma okungenani sithatha-abacwaningi bachaza ukuthi isenzo "singaphakathi" esivela emvelaphi. Eziningi zalezi zihlukumeza noma izilungiso ezingaphezulu zenzeke ngenkathi zidluliselwa ukusuka kumuntu ohambahambayo kuya esihlalweni, noma ngokuphambene nalokho.
Ukuphela kwamaphesenti amathathu kuphela (ama-3%) wewawa kubangelwa ukushiya. Ngesikhathi ukuhamba phambili kwakuyinye yemisebenzi ejwayelekile kakhulu ngaphambi kokuwa, ngakho-ke behlezi phansi futhi bemi ngokuthula.
Isikhathi sokuphendula kanye nokukhishwa kwe-Fall
Nakuba abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi umuntu omdala akakwazi ukusabela ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuze aphule ukuwa-noma angase angazi ukuthi awela kuze kube sekwephuzile ukuvimbela-abacwaningi bathole ukuthi kwakungeyona into ejwayelekile.
U-Robinovitch uthi, "Amaphesenti angama-75 aphelele ahileleke ekuthinteni isandla, kodwa akubanga nomphumela. Ngandlela-thile, lezi zindaba ezinhle: abantu banesikhathi sokuphendula, nokuqaphela ukuthi bawela, ngakho izingalo ziphuma. Inkinga yukuthi isenzo asiphuli ukuwa kwawo, okungase kuhlobene nokuntuleka kwamandla emisipha emzimbeni wabo ophezulu. "
Izinkomba Zokuvimbela Ukuphuza
Ukuba nolwazi olunembile mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izimo nezenzo eziholela ekuweni kungasiza abahlinzeki bafunde ukuthi bangabavikela kanjani, kusho uRobinovitch.
Isibonelo, ividiyo ingasetshenziselwa ukukhombisa abahlinzeki bezempilo, njengama-physiotherapists kanye nabahlinzeki bezempilo, izimo ezibangela izinkinga kubantu abadala asebekhulile nezindaba zokuhamba, okusiza ukuphendula umbuzo, "kungani isiguli sami siwa?" Futhi njengoba ukuwa okuningi kangaka kwenzeka njengoba umuntu ehamba ehamba ngezinyawo ukuze ahlale esihlalweni, noma emile esihlalweni ukuze asebenzise i-walker, uphakamisa ukuthi amadivaysi anjalo asekelayo aguqulwa ukwenza lezo zinguquko zibe lula.
Olunye ucwaningo luye lwacela ukuvuselela kabusha abantu abavamile, kanye nemfundo engcono mayelana nendlela yokuwasebenzisa ngokuphepha. Ukubuyekezwa kuka-2009 kokudluliselwa kweminyango ephuthumayo kwembula ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-47 000 asebekhulile baphathwa minyaka yonke e-US ngenxa yokuwa okuhlotshaniswa nabahamba ngezinyawo nezinyosi. Umcwaningi oholayo, kanye ne-epidemiologist nama-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, uJudy A. Stevens ubhala ukuthi amaphesenti angu-87 alawo majelo abandakanyekayo abahamba ngezinyawo-nabesifazane abanomkhuba wokulimala ngaphezulu kuzo zonke izigaba. Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa kuyi- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , luphinde lwathola ukuthi ukulimala okungama-60% kwenzeka ekhaya futhi kuphela ngamaphesenti angu-16% asekhaya labahlengikazi.
UStephen Robinovitch ukhombisa ukuthi idatha yakhe ingasetshenziselwa ukuvuselela amakhodi wokwakha esikhathini esizayo sokunakekelwa kwezinsiza, ukufaka izinto ezinjengezinto eziphansi zokugcina phansi. Ithimba lakhe liphenya ukuthi ngabe usebenzisa i-sublayer encane ngaphansi kwe-vinyl yesibhedlela esibhedlela ukuvikela izakhamizi ekulimaweni okungathi sína lapho kuwela khona.
"Okungenani ekugcineni sinawo imininingwane eqinile, eyinhloso mayelana nokuthi izimbangela ziyawa yini, nokuthi zingavinjelwa kanjani."
Imithombo:
I-Falls ne-Fractures. I-US National Institutes of Health National Institute kwi-Aging Information Sheet Sheet.
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/falls-and-fractures
Judy A. Stevens, Karen Thomas, Leesia Teh, u-Arlene I. Greenspan. Ukulimala Okungahlosiwe KwamaHlangano Okuhlanganiswa Nabakwa-Walkers ne-Canes Kudala Abadala Abaphathwa Eminyangweni Yezimo Eziphuthumayo zase-US. " Umagazini we-American Geriatrics Society Volume 57, Issue 8, amakhasi 1464-1469, Agasti 2009.
UStephen N Robinovitch, uFabio Feldman, u-Yijian Yang, uRebecca Schonnop, uPet Ming Lueng, uTeago Sarraf, uJoanie Sims-Gould noMarius Loughin. "Ukubanjwa kwevidiyo kwezimo eziwela kubantu asebekhulile abahlala ekunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside: isifundo sokuhlola." I-Lancet , Publication Early, 17 Okthoba 2012. ini: 10.1016 / S0140-6736 (12) 61263