Ukutshelwa ukuthi une-dyslipidemia ingasabeka. Kodwa-ke, leli gama elibanzi elisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ukuthi unamapharamitha owodwa noma ngaphezulu kuphrofayela yakho ye- lipid okungase ibe phansi kakhulu noma ephakeme. Ngenhlanhla, kuye ngezinhlobo ze-lipids ezithintekile, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha lesi simo - kusukela ekuphuzeni imithi yokwenza izinguquko ezimbalwa endleleni yakho yokuphila.
Sibutsetelo
I-Dyslipidemia yisimo sezokwelapha esibhekisela ezingeni elingavamile legazi lipids. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-dyslipidemia yi-hyperlipidemia noma amazinga aphezulu e-lipid. Enye indlela, engavamile kakhulu ye-dyslipidemia, i-hypolipidemia, ibhekisela kumazinga we-lipid aphansi kakhulu. I-Dyslipidemias ingathinta noma yiliphi ipharamitha ye-lipid, kuhlanganise namazinga we- LDL cholesterol, amazinga we- HDL we- cholesterol, i- triglycerides , noma inhlanganisela yale lipids.
Lapho amazinga e-cholesterol kuphela ephakeme noma ephansi, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypercholesterolemia noma i-hypocholesterolemia, ngokulandelana. Ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zingase zibizwa nangokuthi i-hyperlipoproteinemia noma i-hypolipoproteinemia. Uma i-triglycerides ithinteka kuphela, lokhu kungase kubhekiswe ngokuthi i-hypertriglyceridemia (amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride) noma i-hypotriglyceridemia (amazinga aphansi e-triglyceride). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma umuntu anezigaba zombini ze-triglyceride ne-cholesterol ezithintekile, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlanganiswa" noma "ukuxubana" kwe-dyslipidemia.
Izimbangela
Kunezici eziningi ezingabangela i-dyslipidemia-evela eziphazamweni ezizuze njengefa kuphila kwakho. Izimbangela ze-dyslipidemia zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-dyslipidemia eyinhloko noma yesibili.
I-dyslipidemia eyinhloko ibhekisela kumazinga ajwayelekile angama-lipid abangelwa igesi eliguquguqukayo noma izakhi zofuzo ezizuzwe kumzali oyedwa noma bobabili abazali.
Izakhi zofuzo ezingalungile zingabangela imvume engavamile ye lipids noma ingashintsha indlela ezinye lipids ezenziwe ngayo emzimbeni. Uma i-dyslipidemia isebenza emndenini, lesi sifo sivame ukuba negama elithi "umndeni" egameni labo ukukhombisa ukuthi yisimo esizuze njengefa. Abantu abane-dyslipidemias eyinhloko ehilela ukukhula kwe-LDL basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa isifo sokuqina kwesifo somzimba ekuqaleni kokuphila, okungaholela ekufeni kwesifo senhliziyo.
I-secondary dyslipidemia, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivame kakhulu futhi kwenzeka ngenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene ezibandakanya izici ezithile zokuphila kwakho noma izimo ezithile zezokwelapha ongaba nazo. I-hyperlipidemias yesibili ingabangelwa yi:
- Ampofu amancane noma amafutha aphakeme, ukudla okunoshukela ophezulu
- Ukungabi nokuzivocavoca
- Imithi ethile efana ne-beta blockers, izidakamizwa ezithile zokwelapha i-HIV, ukukhulelwa komlomo
- Isifo sesibindi
- Ukuphuza utshwala
- Ukubhema ugwayi
- I-Hypothyroidism engazange iphathwe
- Isifo sikashukela esingalawuleki
I-hypolipidemias yesibili, engavamile kakhulu, ingabangelwa i-hyperthyroidism engalashwa noma amanyevuza.
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso
Ayikho indlela yeqiniso yokwazi ukuthi unesifo se-dyslipidemia noma ngabe unesifo se-hyperlipidemia noma i-hypolipidemia - ngaphandle kokuthi ube nephinili eyenziwe. Lokhu kuhilela ukuguqulwa kwegazi ehhovisi likadokotela wakho futhi ulihlolisise amazinga e-LDL, i-HDL, ne-triglycerides.
Ezimweni ezingavamile ze lipids eziphakeme ngokweqile, ukuphakama, ukuqhuma okuphuzi okubizwa ngokuthi i-xanthomas ingavela emzimbeni.
Ukwelapha
Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokwelapha nezinye izinyathelo ezitholakalayo ukubhekana ne-dyslipidemias.
I-Hypolipidemias ayiphathwa ngaphandle uma inzima, ngokuvamile kwezinye izimo lapho lesi sifo sizuzwa khona. Kwezinye zalezi zimo, ukudla kuguqulwa futhi amanye amavithamini amaningi anamafutha angasetshenziswa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperlipidemias kuncike ebukhulu bokuphakama kwe-lipid, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-lipids ezithintekayo. Ukudla kokunciphisa ukudla kwe-cholesterol kanye nokuphila okuvame ukuphakanyiswa, futhi kufaka ukuyeka ukubhema, ukuvuthwa okuqhubekayo nokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezingase zidale amazinga aphezulu e-lipid.
Kwezinye izimo, imithi isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa i-lipids yakho nokunciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo esizayo.
> Imithombo:
> Lam JYT. I-Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy.
> Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL et al (eds). I-Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, umagazini we-19. ENew York, eMcGraw Hill, ngo-2013.