Okudingeka Ukwazi NgoMorphine
I-Morphine Sulfate iyi-analgiaic ye-opioid, okusho ukuthi inikeza ukuphumula kobuhlungu futhi yenziwe isitshalo se-poppy. I-Morphine iyisisindo esibuhlungu esinamandla esisetshenziselwa kokubili okusheshayo (isikhathi esifushane) nobuhlungu obungapheliyo. Ibuye isetshenziswe njalo, njalo njalo, njengokucindezela kokukhwehlela, ukuphefumula kanzima nokuyeka ukuhuda.
UMorphine yi-painkiller eyaziwa kuqala.
Kutholakale ekuqaleni kwawo-1800 futhi kwahanjiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Laudanum. Kodwa imithi esekelwe i-poppy efana ne-morphine yasetshenziswa cishe ngawo-1500s. Ngenye yemithi eminingi esetshenziswa njalo ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa .
Amagama we-Morphine
UMorphine unqunywe ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukahlukene, izifinyezo zombili amagama namagama ajwayelekile. Lawo magama afaka i-MS Contin, i-Avinza, i-Kadian, i-Oramorph, i-MOS, i-Duramorph, i-Morphitec, i-MS, i- Roxanol, ne-epidural morphine.
Indlela Ephathwa Ngayo
I-Morphine iyatholakala emafomu ahlukahlukene, futhi inganikezwa njengomjovo, ipilisi, i-epidural, isixazululo somlomo, i-suppository noma i-sublingual (ngaphansi kolimi). Ukuthatha i-morphine njengokuqondiswa kubalulekile, njengoba kuyizinto ezilindelekile. Amanye ubuhlungu kufanele alindeleke futhi akusho ukuthi imithi eminingi yobuhlungu iyadingeka.
Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo
Imiphumela emibi evamile ye-morphine ihlanganisa:
- Ukuqokwa : Emva kokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukuqothulwa, okungaba yinkinga enkulu.
- Yehlisa ukukhwehlela
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
- Ukulala
- Isizungu
Izingozi ezihlangene
Zonke izidakamizwa zinengozi, futhi i-morphine ayikho into ehlukile. Izingozi zanda ngezinga eliphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside futhi ukusetshenziswa okungalungile ngaphandle kwemithi. Ukuze unciphise lezi zingozi, landela imiyalelo yesiguli sakho bese uthatha kuphela imithi uma kufanelekile ukulawulwa ubuhlungu .
- Izinwele
- Ukuphefumula okucindezelekile (ukuphefumula kancane kancane noma kakhulu)
- Ukudideka
- Izinkinga zememori
- Ukuqothula okukhulu
- Ukukhathazeka
- Izinkinga zememori
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
- Ukubekezela
- Umlutha
Ukuqapha
Iziguli ezisabahlengikazi kufanele zibonane nodokotela wazo ngaphambi kokuthatha i-morphine, njengoba kungase kuboniswe ubisi lwebele. Kulaba besifazane abakhulelwe, ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-morphine kungaholela ekubeni ingane ikwazi ukuhoxiswa kwe-morphine ngemva nje kokuzalwa.
Iziguli ezinokuqothulwa zingase zithole ukuwohloka kwezimpawu. Labo abanezimpawu zamathumbu kumele basebenzise i-morphine ngokuqapha njengoba kunganciphisa ukugaya futhi kubangele isimo esibucayi. UMorphine kufanele futhi asetshenziswe ngokucophelela kubantu abanezimo zokuphefumula ezifaka i- COPD noma i- asthma .
Abantu asebekhulile bangase bazwele kakhulu i-morphine. Izinga lawo lingadinga ukulungiswa ukuze kuvimbele ukubhekwa ngokweqile noma okubikiwe.
Ukubekezela, Ukubhebhethekisa, nokuhlukunyezwa
I-Morphine, njengezidakamizwa eziningi zemithi kadokotela, ingadinga amanani amaningi amakhulu ekulawuleni ubuhlungu uma isetshenziselwa isikhathi eside. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba ungathuthukisa ukubekezelela imithi futhi idinga imithi eyengeziwe ukuze uthole izinga elifanayo lokusebenza.
Uma isetshenziselwa ukulandela iziqondiso zedokotela, i-morphine, njengezo zonke izidakamizwa zemithi, ithwala ingozi ephansi yokulutha umlutha.
Abantu abanezinhlungu ezingapheliyo abasebenzisa i-morphine isikhathi eside bangase babe umlutha wemithi, okusho ukuthi bayothola izibonakaliso nezimpawu zokuhoxiswa lapho bengathathi umuthi. Ukulutha komzimba akusho ukuthi umuthi uyinkinga. Isibonelo, isiguli somdlavuza singase sibe umlutha womuthi. Kodwa-ke, lesi sidakamizwa sizoqhubeka sinikezwa njengesidingo sokukhululeka kobuhlungu.
Ukulutha komzimba akufani nokulutha kwengqondo. Uma abantu basebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa ngokungalungile (befuna "ukuphakama" noma ukuthokoza esikhundleni sokusizwa ubuhlungu), bangakwazi ukuthembela ngokomzwelo kulo muthi.
Ukusebenzisa kabi i-morphine kungathatha izinhlobo eziningi ezibandakanya ukuxuba nezinye izidakamizwa ezinjengokuphuza utshwala nokuthatha amanani amaningi amakhulu noma ngaphezulu kunokuba kudingekile ukuphathwa kobuhlungu.
Umthombo:
Morphine. Isikhungo Sezokwelapha sase-University of Maryland. Ifinyelele ngoJulayi, 2009. http://www.umm.edu/altmed/drugs/morphine-sulfate-088500.htm