I-Epithelial Ovarian Cancer, i-Germ Cell, ne-Sex-Cord Stromal Markor Markers
Njengesiguli somdlavuza we-ovarian, mhlawumbe ugijima ngaphasi kwegama elithi "izimpawu zesisu." Kodwa lokho kusho ukuthini?
Umdlavuza we-ovariya ubizwa ngokuthi yi-ovary (noma ama-tublopian tubes eduze kwe-ovary.) Kodwa kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinqamuzana zamaseli kuma- ovarie , futhi ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo zamaseli ingaba nomdlavuza. Lawa maseli anemisebenzi ehlukene futhi akhiqize izinto ezihlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo.
Lezi zinto zingalinganiswa egazini futhi zibizwa ngokuthi izimpawu ze-tumor.
Okwenza Udokotela Wakho Agijime Amamaki Ayisifo Sokuhlolwa Kwegazi
Kwezinye izimo, uphawu lwe-tumor luyisakhi esakhiwa kuphela ngamaseli angavamile. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, lezi zimpawu zivele zikhiqizwe emazingeni aphezulu ngokungavamile njengoba amangqamuzana anomdlavuza ehlaziya izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zemishini yabo yezinto eziphilayo. Odokotela babhekisela ezingxenyeni ezikhiqiza inani elikhulu lalezi zinto njengama-tumor ukuthi veza lezi zimpawu. Isibonelo, esikhundleni sokuthi umdlavuza we-ovarian ukhiqiza inani elingavamile le-CA-125, bangase bathi umdlavuza ubonisa i- CA-125 .
Izinhlobo zamaKhansela e-Ovarian
Kunoma yikuphi, lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela wakho angabheka igazi lakho ukuze avivinye amamaki amathumba, okubonisa ukuthi uhlobo luni lomdlavuza lukhona, noma kamuva, ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani. Ngokuvamile, abaphawuli be-tumor banciphisa noma nini lapho ukwelashwa kuphumelela.
Umdlavuza ovame kakhulu ovary ubizwa ngokuthi i-epithelial ovarian umdlavuza. Kukhona ama-subtypes amathathu: i-mucinous, i-serous ne-endometrioid. Izinhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu ze-ovarian cancers zibizwa ngokuthi i-germ cell ne-sex cord stromal cancers. Ngayinye yalezi zinamba eziningana, kepha amaki afanayo kulowo nalowo kulawa maqembu amakhulu.
Ama-Marker Tumor Tumor Epithelial
Isivivinyo segazi se-CA-125 isifo esivamile kakhulu esetshenziselwa leli qembu lamagciwane. I-CA isho "umdlavuza we-antigen." I-CA-125 ingenziwa ngamangqamuzana avamile kodwa yenziwa ngokuhlushwa okuphakeme kwamanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza we-ovarian kunamaseli avamile e-ovarian.
I-CA-125 ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye ye-ovarian risk index ukuze ihlolwe umdlavuza we-ovarian, noma ingasetshenziswa ukuqapha impendulo kumayeza omdlavuza we-ovarian. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza we-ovarian eziveza i-CA-125, futhi amazinga ajwayelekile kumaphesenti angama-20 alawo maqanda e-ovarian. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezinye izicubu ze-ovarian benign, kanye nezinye izimo, zingabangela izinga eliphakeme le-CA-125.
Ku-3 subtypes yomdlavuza we-epithelial ovarian, umdlavuza we-mucinous awuncane ukuveza i-CA-125 kunama-tumous ase-serous noma e-endometrioid.
I-HE4 - amaprotheni omuntu we-epididymis 4 isifo esisha esisha esingaba nesifo somdlavuza we-ovarian, futhi njenge-CA-125 ingatholakala kakhulu ngezingxube ze-serous ne-endometrioid. Abanye abacwaningi bathole ukuthi ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-CA-125 ne-HE4 kuyasiza kakhulu ekuhloleni umdlavuza we-ovarian kunokuhlola okusetshenziselwa yedwa.
Njengoba abesifazane abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-40 banamathuba amaningi okuba nomdlavuza we-epithelial ovarian, lezi zimpawu ezimbili ze-tumor zingasiza kakhulu kwinqubo yokuhlonza abesifazane abasebasha.
Amanye ama-tumor markers angase asebenze ngezinye izikhathi ekuqapha ukwelashwa kwe-mucinous ovarian yi- CA-72-4, CA-19-9 ne- CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen). Kunezinye ezingase ziphakanyiswe kodwa zivame kakhulu ukusetshenziswa. I-CA 19-9 ivame ukutholakala kwabesifazane abane-subtype ye-mucinous futhi ingaba usizo kwinkqubo yokuxilonga uma ihlangene ne-CA-125.
Amakhamera we-Germ-Cell Tumoror
Amakaki amabili asemqoka asetshenziselwa leli qembu lamagciwane: i-alpha-protein protein (AFP) ne-gonadotropin ye-chorionic yabantu (hCG) . I-latter isetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukukhulelwa okuvamile. Izinga le-AFP ne-hCG eliphakanyiswa kakhulu yiyona ndlela ecacile kakhulu ekutholeni lezi zicubu.
Amakhondomu we-Sexual Stromal Tumor
Ama-marker kuphela kulesi sigaba esiwusizo akhiqizwa yi-granulosa cell subtype. Lezi zihlanganisa i- estradiol (uhlobo lwe-estrogen) ne- inhibin . Njengoba lezi zitholampilo zivame ukutholakala kwabesifazane abancane , lezi zivivinyo zingenziwa njengengxenye yesibalo sokusinda kwesisu (nezinye izimpawu ezifana nokukhulelwa kwangaphambili) kumantombazane nabesifazane abasha.
Imithombo:
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