Ukufunda Okuningi Ngezimpawu Zokuhlukumeza
Enye yezindlela ezilula ukulandelela ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kungukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula okubizwa ngokuthi i-tumor marker test. Ukutholakala kwamagciwane okunye kungagcizelelwa yi-proteine ethize egazini egazini. Lezi zinhlelo zamaprotheni ziyizimpawu zomzimba . I-Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) yiprotheni ehlanganiswe ne- cancer elula .
Ngamunye wethu une-CEA encane egazini lethu.
Ukuba khona kwaleli phrotheni egazini kuphela akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza wekoloni. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-CEA akukwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga umdlavuza , kuphela ukulandelela umdlavuza ngemva kokuxilongwa . Udokotela wakho mhlawumbe uhlole igazi lakho kule antigen lapho utholakala. Uma inani eliphakeme le-CEA litholakala egazini lakho ngaleso sikhathi, udokotela wakho angayisebenzisa ukuze aqaphe impendulo yakho ekwelapheni futhi ubukele ukuphindaphinda nokuhlolwa kwegazi esizayo.
Imiphumela emihle yamanga - imiphumela ephezulu kakhulu kodwa engabonakali ukukhula komdlavuza - ingenzeka nge-CEA. Esinye sezimbangela eziyinhloko zokufunda okungenakuphikiswa yi- chemotherapy . Phakathi ne-chemotherapy, izidakamizwa kufanele zibheke futhi zibulale amangqamuzana omdlavuza . Njengoba lawa maseli efa, i-CEA ikhishwa egazini futhi ingahlala iphakanyiswe amasonto ambalwa emva kokwelashwa.
Izinhlobo Eziningi Zokumaketha Okugulayo
Amazinga we-CEA angaphakanyiswa futhi asho ukuphindaphinda komdlavuza noma ukusakazeka ( imetastasis ) kwesinye isayithi emzimbeni wakho.
Amazinga acatshangwa aphakeme lapho ekhombisa ngaphezu kwe-nanograms ngayinye nge-milliliter (ng / ml) futhi ephakeme kakhulu uma engaphezu kwama-5 ng / ml. Ngaphandle kokubonisa ukukhula noma ukumelana nomdlavuza omnyama , amazinga aphakeme kakhulu we-CEA angasetshenziswa futhi ukubuka umdlavuza noma imetastasis of:
- Isibindi
- Isisu
- I-Thyroid
- I-Pancreas
- I-Prostate
- I-Cervix
- Isambiso
Kodwa-ke, ezinye zalezi zomshukela zinezici eziningi eziphathelene nezicubu ezihambisana nabo. Ngokwesibonelo, uphawu lwe-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) luxhunyaniswe nesifo somdlavuza wesibindi futhi uphawu lwe- prostate-specific antigen (i-PSA) lubhekiswe kakhulu emdlalweni wesibeletho . Udokotela wakho akasebenzisi i-marker ye-tumor yedwa - uzobheka imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwegazi namanye amathuluzi okuxilonga, njengempilo yakho yonke, impendulo yokwelashwa, nokuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njengokuhlolwa kwe-computed tomography (CT) noma magnetic imiphumela ye-resonance imaging (MRI).
Enye i-marker engaba khona, ebizwa ngokuthi i- epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ikhona kuwo wonke amaseli futhi ibasize ukuba bakhule. Ezinye ze-kansa zibonisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-EGFR , okusho ukuthi bangase babe nezinqubo ezahlukene zokwelapha.
Ungase futhi wezwa okuthile okuthiwa i- biomarker yamathumba omdlavuza wekoloni. Omunye umkhiqizo wezinto ezibonakalayo othola ukuthandwa yisisindo se-KRAS; ngokusho kweNational Comprehensive Cancer Network, abantu abangama-40% abanomdlavuza wekoloni bazoba ne-KRAS gene mutation. Udokotela angakwazi ukuhlola izicubu ezivela ku-tumor yakho ye-colon ngenxa yalolu shintsho, okungasisiza udokotela ukuhlela uhlelo lwakho lwezokwelapha kuhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza wekoloni .
I-CA 19-9 yaqashelwa njenge-marker ye-tumor yama-cancer e-colorectal esikhathini esidlule kodwa manje ibaluleke kakhulu kune-pancreatic nakwezinye izifo zomdlavuza wokugaya. Noma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angase akhethe ukuhlola igazi lakho amazinga we-CA 19-9 aphakeme kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-CEA.
Ukuthola uvivinyo
Awudingi ukulungiselela noma ukusheshisa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngosuku lokuhlolwa kwakho, isampula yegazi encane izodonswa kwenye yezimvalo ezinkulu ezandleni noma ngesandla sakho. Uma kunokwenzeka, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuthi ube ne-laboratory efanayo ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-CEA okuphindaphindiwe, ngoba ukulinganisa namathuluzi kungahluka kusuka ebhodini kuya ebhodini. Uma udokotela wakho ethola imiphumela ye-CEA, angakwazi ukuxoxa nabo futhi achaze ukuthi bangase bathinte kanjani uhlelo lwakho lwezokwelapha (noma ngeke).
Ngaphandle komdlavuza, izimpawu ze-tumor zingaphakanyiswa ngezizathu eziningana. I- American Cancer Society ithi abantu ababhema noma abane-pancreatitis, isifo se-chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) noma ngisho nesifo sofuba singase sikhulise amazinga we-CEA ngaphandle kokuba khona komdlavuza.
Izivivinyo Zokulandelela
Ungase ube nezivivinyo zokumangalisa izicubu ezilandelanayo, ikakhulukazi uma uphakamise amazinga we-CEA uma utholakala unomdlavuza. Uma amazinga e-CEA ewela ngemva kokuphefumula kwe-chemotherapy noma ukuhlinzwa kwamathumbu , bese uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde usebenze, kungase kube yisibonakaliso sokuthi umdlavuza wabuya. Uchungechunge lwemiphumela yokuhlola lufanekisa kakhulu kunomphumela owodwa oyedwa.
Imithombo:
I-American Cancer Society. (2006). Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-American Cancer Society ku-Cancer Colorectal . I-Clifton Fields, NE: i-American Cancer Society.
I-American Cancer Society. (nd). Ama-Markor Tumor asetshenziswa kanjani?
ULano, uCharlene. (Novemba 2009). Ama-Blockers ne-Colorectal Cancer: Ukuhlolwa kwe-KRAS Kuqinisekisiwe, Kodwa Imibuzo Emisha. I-Oncology Times, 31. i-doi: 10.1097 / 01.COT.0000364239.69157.69.
I-National Cancer Institute. (nd). Amakhamera we-Tumor.
I-National Comprehensive Cancer Network. (2012). Imihlahlandlela ye-NCCN yeziguli. I-Colon Cancer.