Ithimba elizwakalayo ngamathuluzi amakhulu okuphepha
Wonke umzali ukhathazeka ngokuphepha kwengane yakhe. Abazali bezingane abane-autism bakhathazeka kakhulu, futhi ngesizathu esihle. Izingane ezine-autism zombili zisengozini futhi zingase zenzeke ngendlela engalindelekile kunokuba zivame ukuthuthukisa izingane ezineminyaka efanayo. Ngenhlanhla, kunezinyathelo eziningi abazali abangayithatha ukuze bagweme ingozi futhi kwenze kube lula ukubhekana nezinkinga zokuphepha uma bevela.
Kungani Ukuphepha Kuyinkinga Yezingane Ezine Autism
Nge-autism kungafika izinkinga ezahlukene zokuphepha. Futhi ukusebenza okuphakeme akukwenzelisi ingane ephephile. Nazi ezinye zezinkinga eziphathelene nabazali be-autism okungase kudingeke bakhumbule, kuye ngokuthi ubudala bomntwana ngamunye, ezingeni elisebenzayo, ubuntu, kanye nokuziphatha:
- Ukuhlambalaza, noma izilimi : Abantwana abaningi abane-autism, kanye nabantu abadala (ikakhulukazi labo abanezimpawu ezinzima ) bavame ukuhamba ekhaya noma esikoleni. Laba bantu bavame ukuba nesiqondiso esithile engqondweni, futhi umcimbi oshukumisayo ungaba nzima ukuwuphonsa phansi. Abanye abazali babika ukuthi ingane yabo ihambela noma ibalekela njalo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, yebo, ingane isengozini yengozi, ukuvezwa, ngisho nokuhlukunyezwa.
- Izingozi nokuwa: Ezinye zezingane ezizimele zikhulu kakhulu kunezontanga zabo ezijwayelekile zokukhuphuka, zifake izikhala ezincane, zilahle izinto eziyindayo, zidlale ngezinto eziyingozi, futhi zize zenzeke ngendlela eyingozi.
- Ukuxhashazwa nokuhlukumezeka: Nakuba izingane ezine-autism ezinamandla zingaba yizisulu zokuhlukunyezwa, izingane eziphezulu ezisebenzayo nazo zisengozini kakhulu. Iziqhwaga zivame ukukhetha abantu abanabangane abambalwa, baziphathe kabi, noma abakwazi ukuzivikela ngokuphumelelayo. Izingane ezine-autism zivame ukuhambisana nalowo mthethosivivinywa.
- Ukuhlangana okubi nabasebenzi abaphuthumayo namaphoyisa: Izingane kanye nentsha ene-autism ingaba nezinkinga eziningi lapho ihlangana namaphoyisa nabaphenduli bokuqala. Ukungabi namakhono okuxhumana kungaholela ekungaqondani; izimpendulo zemizwelo kuma-alamu nasezikhunjini zingasusa ukuziphatha okubi; ukwesaba nokukhathazeka kungenza izingane nge-autism zingathandi ukuphendula ngokufanele imiyalelo yokuphepha.
Izinguquko Ezingavamile Ezingahle Zithathele Izingozi Zokuphepha Eziphansi
Ezimweni eziningi, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ingozi yokulimala noma ezinye izinkinga ngokubeka izinguquko ezilula endaweni, esikoleni nasemphakathini. Nazi izindleko ezimbalwa eziphansi noma iziphakamiso zamahhala zabazali abakhathazekile:
- Ezinganeni ezisebenzayo eziphezulu, izindaba zomphakathi, izikhumbuzo ezibukwayo, namanye amasu ezemfundo angayeka ukuziphatha okuyingozi.
- Kungaba usizo kakhulu ukugcina ukuziphatha kwengane yakho bese uzama ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izenzakalo ezingase zenze ukukhulisa noma ukuheha ingane yakho kude nokuphepha kwekhaya labo. Uma ungakwazi ukuqeda ezinye zalezi zimbangela (isib. Umsindo omkhulu, izingubo ezithile) unganciphisa kakhulu inkinga.
- Uma ukhetha nokufaka izikhiye zeminyango namafasitela, zicabange ezicathulweni zomntanakho. Ungakwazi yini ukufika uphinde uguqule i-bolt? Ungakwazi yini ukuvula kalula futhi usule efasiteleni? Khetha ukukhiya, ama-bolts, nama-window angenakufinyeleleka kwengane yakho. Gcina okhiye kufihliwe.
- Uma une-pool, faka ucingo lokuphepha kanye ne-alamu yomjikelezo.
- Lapho unikeza ikhaya lakho, cabanga ngokukhuphuka nezinye izinkinga zokuphepha. Ngesikhathi ingane yakho ingumncinyane mhlawumbe "unomntwana," kodwa manje kungase kudingeke ukuba "uqinisekise izingane" ikhaya lakho. Gwema amabhukhimakhi avulekile noma, uma kufanele ube nazo, zibophe ngokuvikelekile odongeni. Gcina zonke izinto ezinobungozi ezifana nemimese futhi ugijime ngokuvikelekile ngokuphepha noma ezinkomeni eziphakeme kakhulu ukuze ufinyelele. Uma kunesidingo, faka ama-latches kuhhavini.
- Gcina iso elihle futhi eliqaphele ekuhlangenwe nakho kwezingane zakho. Ngokuvamile ngangokunokwenzeka, phuma ukuze ubone ukuthi izinto zenzani ingane yakho (ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi ezingakhiwe njenge-recess kanye nesidlo sasemini). Izingane ezine-autism kungenzeka zingaboni noma zikwazi ukuchaza ukuxhashazwa noma ukubeka phansi, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi wena nomfundisi baqinisekise ukuthi ingane yakho ayiyona isisulu. Uthisha wengane yakho futhi angakwazi ukusebenza nawe ekunciphiseni ukuzungeza nezinye izinto eziyingozi.
- Xhumana nabahlali bakho bokuqala kanye nabamaphoyisa ngaphambi komphakathi ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izinkinga. Nikeza abaphenduli bokuqala ngezithombe zengane yakho, ulwazi mayelana nokuziphatha nezinselele, nokusikisela kokusiza ingane yakho ukuba ihlale ithule. Futhi, yiqiniso, unikeza ulwazi lokuxhumana oluphuthumayo.
Uma usubeke zonke lezi zinyathelo endaweni, ungase uthande ukucabangela imikhiqizo eyengeziwe engasiza ukuvikela ingane yakho.
Imikhiqizo Ephezulu Yezokuphepha Kwe-Autism
Amalokhi nama-Latches: Uma ingane yakho ene-autism ikwazi ukuvula ibhuloho, ivula ilokhi, futhi uzame kokubili ukuphakamisa ukukhiya nokufihla okhiye, manje sekuyisikhathi sokuthola ubuciko. Amadivaysi amabili okuvala ama-innovative afika ngokulinganisa okuphezulu:
- Ukukhiya okungenayo okungenalutho okulandelayo: Sebenzisa amakhididi ehlangene angashintshwa njengoba kudingeka. Khetha kusuka kokufa kwe-deadbolt, level, noma knob.
- I-Guardian Lock: I-Guardian Lock iyinhlangano evunyelwe ilungelo lobunikazi engasetshenziswa ukuvala iminyango engavunyelwe yi-bolts ekhona noma ukukhiya. Yindlela enhle yokugcina ingane yakho iphephile lapho uvakashela abangane noma umndeni, ehhotela, njll.
- I-Angel Guard: Lo mkhiqizo ongajwayelekile uhlanganisa ukukhululwa kwesihlalo somntwana wakho, okwenze kube nzima ngabo ukuba bazikhumbule ngokwabo ngenkathi emotweni.
Ama-alamu: Uma ingane yakho ingase ingene ezindaweni ezingaphephile zendlu noma ngaphandle komnyango, ama-alamu angase abe indlela enhle yokubonisa ingozi. Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokukhetha, kufaka phakathi amabellane alula awakhayo lapho kuvulwa umnyango kanye nama-alamu kagesi asebenzisa izinzwa zokuhamba:
- Umnakekeli we-Smart Carey Wireless Monitor & Motion Sensor ungenye yezinhlelo eziningi ezitholakalayo zokuxwayisa umnakekeli ekuthungeni kwelungu lomndeni.
- I-GE Window ne-Door Chime kuyindlela engabizi kakhulu ephendula lapho othile ezama ukuvula umnyango noma iwindi ngokomzimba.
- Thenga amabhethini namabhethini e-jingle: Ukusebenzisa imini (noma uma ulele ukulala), cabanga ukubeka amabellane esitolo eshibhile noma izingcezu ze-Christmas jingle bells phezu kweminyango noma amafasitela.
Amadivaysi okulandelela: Abanye abantu abane-autism elope, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abazali nabanakekelayo ngokucophelela baphatha kanjani imvelo. Lapho lokho kwenzeka, ukuphepha kuxhomeke ekutheni ungazikwazi ukulandelela ngokushesha futhi ngokunembile futhi uthole ozithandayo. Ngenhlanhla, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamadivaysi okulandelela we-GPS emakethe ngamaphuzu ahlukene wamanani. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhetha okungeke kususwe (amabhondi ejwayelekile, isibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthi akuyona into enhle).
- I-AMBER Alert GPS iyindlela yedivayisi yokuxhumana ezimbili kanye ne-GPS. Ibuye ixwayise eqenjini elikhethiwe labantu labantu nge-imeyili. Sebenzisa ikhompyutha noma uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula ukulandelela ingane yakho futhi usebenzise amathuluzi wokuphepha ngokwezifiso.
- Ukunakekelwa kwe-Trak ekuqaleni kwaklanyelwe ukulandelela abantu abane-dementia, kodwa kusiza ngokufanayo ukulandelela abantu ku-autism spectrum. Ithuluzi eliyintandokazi yamaphoyisa, iminyango yomlilo, kanye nabanye abaphenduli bokuqala abasebenzisa ukuthola abantu abasengozini.
ID Namasongo Namakhadi: Uma ingane yakho ihamba futhi ungamtholi ngokushesha, amasongo namakhadi e-ID angasiza abanye ukuba bakusize.
- Ama-Alert Me Bands: Ama-Alert Me Bands ayalungiswa futhi angeke asuswe ngumuntu ogulayo. Zingumqondo olula-isongo sokuqapha kwezokwelapha esiqukethe ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuxilongwa kwengane yakho, oxhumana nabo ophuthumayo, ukugula, njll.
- I-Kheelz: I-Ice Card ne-ID ye-Alert System System yabantwana kuyindlela eyingqayizivele yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ithwala ikhadi nokuxwayisa kwezokwelapha nabo. Ikhadi lithathwa ngokufakwa kwesihlangu esikhethekile; umaka okhethekile kwizisebenzi eziphuthumayo zokuqapha izicathulo endaweni yendawo ekhadini.
- Ikhadi le-Child ID le-Safe ™ le-Kid isikweletu esikweleta esikweleti esikhwameni sakho esinezithombe nolwazi oluphuthumayo ukwabelana nanoma ubani okusiza ukuthi uthole futhi anakekele ingane yakho.
Izwi elivela
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimaphi amadivaysi, ukukhiya, ama-alamu, noma izinhlelo ozisebenzisayo ukuvikela ingane yakho, ayikho into engafaka esikhundleni somqondo ovamile. Uma ngabe ingane yakho ihlakaniphile, ayikho emthethweni, noma kungenzeka ukuthi ihlanganyele ekuziphatheni okuyingozi noma engalungile, kungcono kuwe ukuphatha imvelo yengane yakho futhi ugcine ukubukela okuqaphile. Ngokwemvelo, akekho ongabheka ingane yakhe 24/7, kodwa nansi amathiphu ambalwa okugwema izimo eziphuthumayo:
- Uma ungaphandle kwendawo yakho yokuphepha (ikhaya noma isikole, kubantu abaningi), qiniseka ukuthi umuntu oyedwa unikezwe umsebenzi wokugcina iso ku-autistic ingane yakho. Lokhu kubaluleke ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziphazamisayo ezinamathuba amaningi okuzulazula nokungena enkingeni. Amapulazi, amapaki okuzijabulisa, nokupaka konke kuyingozi kakhulu.
- Uma ukhathazekile ngempela ngokulahlekelwa ithrekhi yengane yakho endaweni entsha, cabanga ukusebenzisa ingane encane "i-leash" noma nje ubambe izandla ukuze ugweme ukuthi kungenzeka inhlekelele.
- Ungavumeli ukujabha ukubeka ingane yakho engozini. Yebo, kubonakala kuyinqaba ukusetha i-alamu ngaphandle kwekamelo lomntanakho lapho uvakashela umndeni-kodwa uma enye ingumntwana olahlekile, kungase kudingeke ugxume ukuziqhenya kwakho.
- Khuluma nomakhelwane bakho. Uma omakhelwane bakho bazi kangcono ngomsana wakho kangcono ukuthi bayomqonda, futhi uma bekhululekile bazozizwa beninikeza ucingo uma beqaphela ingane yakho ngaphandle nangesikhathi esingaqondakali sosuku. Omakhelwane bangabhaliswa futhi uma kudingeka, uma ingane yakho ilahleka.
- Nika ingane yakho imikhuba eminingi ekutholeni. Izingane eziningi ze-autistic zikhululekile kakhulu ngabantu kanye nemisebenzi abazi kahle. Uma ingane yakho inesisindo se-ID, yenza umkhuba ukubonisa isongo kumakhelwane namalungu omndeni. Yethula ingane yakho emaphoyiseni nakwezinye izimpendulo zokuqala. Fundisa ingane yakho imishwana eyisisekelo ("Ngilahlekile," isibonelo) noma imenzele ukubonisa ikhodi yomuntu siqu kumuntu ongaziwa.
Ayikho uhlelo oluphelele, futhi izingozi zenzeka kakhulu kithi. Kodwa ungakwazi ukwandisa ukuphepha kwengane yakho ngokuthatha isinyathelo ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izinkinga.
> Imithombo:
> I-cerson C. Isimo kanye nomthelela womndeni wokukhulisa izingane nge-autism spectrum disorders. I-Pediatrics, Novemba 2012, VOLUME 130 / ISSUE 5.
> I-Autism Iyakhuluma. Imikhiqizo yokuphepha. Iwebhu. 2017.