Nakuba iningi labahlengikazi linakekela izingane ezine-autism izimbungulu, kuze kube yamuva, bambalwa ababike ukuthi bavame ukuhlola i-autism. Abahlengikazi abaningi bahlolisisa izingane nge-autism kusukela ku-American Academy of Pediatrics '(AAP) umbiko wokutholwa komzimba "Ukukhomba nokuhlolwa kwezingane ezine-Autism Spectrum Disorders" kwaphuma ngo-2007 futhi kwaqinisekiswa ngo-2014.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Autism
Lo mbiko wancoma ukuthi izingane zakudala:
- Yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-autism kukho konke ukuvakasha kwengane, kuhlanganise nokufuna izimpawu ezicashile
- Izingane zesibuko ze-autism zisebenzisa ithuluzi lokuhlola lokuhlelekile noma uhlu lokuhlola uma uneminyaka engu-18 no-24 ubudala
- Hlela ukuvakashelwa okukhethekile ukubhekana nanoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka umzali angase abe nakho mayelana ne-autism
Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-AAP itusa ukuthi izingane zithumele izingane ukuze zihlole ukuhlolwa kwe- autism uma zihlolwa ngokuhlola i-autism , ngaphezu kokuzibhalisela ukuhlolwa kokuzwa kanye nezinsizakalo zokungenela izingane.
Izinga 1 ze-Autism Checklists for Toddlers
Lapho abantu bekhuluma mayelana nokuhlolwa kwe-autism, babhekisela ohlwini lokuhlola lwe- autism olungasetshenziswa ukubuka izingane eziseceleni, hhayi uhlobo lokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Izinhla zokuhlola ezivamile zokuqala ukuhlola i-autism ezincane zifaka:
- Uhla lokuhlola lwe-Autism ku-Toddlers (CHAT)
- Uhlu lokuhlola oluguquliwe lwe-Autism ku-Toddlers-Oluhlelwe Ngokulandelwa (M-CHAT-R / F)
Ukubukwa Kokuqala Kwezimpawu Ze-Autistic (ESAT)
Zonke lezi zincwadi ze-autism zokuhlola izibalo zingagcwaliswa, ngokuvamile ngumzali, nakuba abanye benemibuzo ephendulwa udokotela wezingane, ngemizuzu emihlanu kuya kwemizuzu emihlanu kuphela.
Izinga le-Autism Checklists for Toddlers
Izinga 2 lokuhlola ukuhlolwa kwe-autism, ngokuvamile elisetshenziselwa izinsana ezinokuhlola okuhle kwe-autism yezinga eliphezulu, ziyatholakala futhi.
Bangathatha imizuzu emihlanu kuya kwemi-20 ukuqedela, kodwa badinga ukuqeqesha okwengeziwe ukuze baqondise futhi bahumushe, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile ngeke batholakale ehhovisi lezingane. Zihlanganisa:
- Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokuziphatha Kwe-Autism (ABC)
- Izingane zobungani be-Autism Rating Scale, uhlelo lwesibili (CARS2)
- I-Gilliam's Asperger's Disorder Scale (GADS)
- I-Gilliam Autism Rating Scale, Edition Second (GARS-2)
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-PDD-I-II, Clinic Developmental Screener
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-PDD-I-II, i-Autism Clinic yokuqeda ukucindezeleka
- Ithuluzi Lokuhlola I-Autism Kubantwana Abancane Nezingane Ezincane (STAT)
Uhlu lokuhlola olushintshiwe lwe-Autism ku-Toddlers
I-M-CHAT ingenye yezincwadi ezithandwa kakhulu ze-autism ezisetshenziswa odokotela bezingane. Ngaphezu kokusheshisa nokulula ukuyisebenzisa, itholakala mahhala. Empeleni, abazali bangathatha i-M-CHAT-R ku-intanethi bese beletha imiphumela kubantwana bezingane zabo. Ingane ine-screen ebonakalayo ye-autism uma imibuzo engama-M-CHAT engu-20 noma ngaphezulu ngaphezulu ithola impendulo ehlulekile.
Ingxoxo yokulandela okulandelayo ye-M-CHAT nayo kufanele yenziwe kubantwana abanesibuko esihle se-M-CHAT. Le ngxoxo elandelayo ingasiza ekunciphiseni inani lezingane ezihluleka i-M-CHAT kodwa ezingenayo i-autism-ziveza imiphumela emihle yokuhlolwa. Izingane ezinenani eliphelele le-M-CHAT labangu-8 noma ngaphezulu cishe akudingeki ukuthi zibe nemibuzo yokulandela i-M-CHAT-R futhi ingaya ngqo ekuhloleni kwe-autism.
I-M-CHAT Ebonakalayo Edingekayo Isikrini Esengeziwe Ukuhlola
Khumbula ukuthi isikrini esihle se-M-CHAT asisho ukuthi ingane yakho ine-autism. Ezinye izimbangela zokulibaziseka kwentuthuko kungabangela isikrini esihle futhi. Yingakho isinyathelo esilandelayo kufanele sihlanganise nokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo kwe-autism, okuvame ukuthi kuhlanganise ne-level 2 yokuhlola i-autism, ngaphezu kokusayina ingane yakho ukuhlolwa kokuzwa kanye nezinsizakalo zokungenela ezinganeni.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Academy of Pediatrics. Umbiko wezokwelapha: Ukukhomba nokuhlola kwezingane ezine-Autism Spectrum Disorders. Izingane zokwelapha . 2007; 120 (5): 1183-1215. Iqinisekisiwe ngo-Agasti 2014.
> Bridgemohan C. Autism Spectrum Disorder: Amathuluzi wokuhlola. Kusesikhathini. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Okthoba 11, 2017.
> Kleinman JM, Robins DL, Ventola PE, et al. Uhlu Lokuhlola Oluguquliwe Lwa-Autism Kwabancane: Ucwaningo Lokulandelela Oluhlola Ukutholwa Okuqala Kwe-Autism Spectrum Disorders. I-Journal ye-Autism ne-Developmental Disorders . 2008; 38 (5): 827-839. i-doi: 10.1007 / s10803-007-0450-9.