Imiphumela yesisu
Uma unesifo sokushaya isisu, imiphumela yesifo sakho singase ikhuthaze isikhathi eside emva kokuba izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sohlangothi ziqiniswe futhi emva kokuthola ukwelashwa okufaneleka kwesisu.
Imiphumela yakho yokushaywa yesikhashana eside, ngezindlela eziningi, efana nezimpawu zakho zokuqala zesifo. Lokho okushiwo yilezi zikhathi ezijwayelekile kanye nokudala isikhathi sokushaywa yizinhlangothi ezifanayo ukuthi ngokuvamile zihilela ingxenye efanayo yomzimba noma umsebenzi ofanayo wokucabangela.
Isibonelo, ingalo yakho ingase ibe buthakathaka, ubuso bakho bungase buhleleke, inkulumo ingase ibonwe, noma umbono ungase uphazamise. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sokushaya isifo zihambisana nendawo yengqondo eyalimala yi-stroke, njengoba kwenza imiphumela ehlala njalo ehlala phansi.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye imiphumela zengozi zingathatha izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka, ukuthuthukisa. Imiphumela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke zokushaywa komzimba zichazwe ngezansi.
> Bheka izifunda zobuchopho ezingase zithinteke ngesifo.
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Yeka ukuthi isifo sokushaya isisu sishintsha kanjani ubuntu bakho
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Indlela Yokuphatha Ukuhlunguphazwa Kwakho Kwangemva Kwesifo
Ukungabi namandla
Esikhathini esiningi, ubuthakathaka obubangelwa ukushaywa yisifo kuthinta uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba. Ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba lubizwa ngokuthi i-hemiparesis, kanti ukukhubazeka okuphelele kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba kuthiwa i-hemiplegia.
I- hemiparesis noma i-hemiplegia ngemuva kokushaya isifo kungathinta ubuso, ingalo, noma umlenze noma inhlanganisela yabathathu. Ngokujwayelekile, umsindisi olwa nesifo sohlangothi uhlangabezana nobuthakathaka besikhathi eside obukhulu kakhulu kunobuthakathaka bokuqala abhekana nawo ngenkathi isifo sisenesikhathi sokuqala, ikakhulu uma ukwelashwa kwesifo sohlangothi kuqaliswa ngokushesha.
I-Hemiparesis ne-hemiplegia kubangelwa isifo esilimaza uhlangothi olulodwa lobuchopho endaweni eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ezilawula imishini.
Ukushaywa komzimba , ukushaywa komzimba , noma isifo sobuchopho kungabangela i-hemiplegia noma i-hemiparesis.
Ukulinganisela Izinkinga noma Isizungu
Iningi labantu abasinde ngesifo sohlangothi luqhubeka nokuzizwa lukhulu, ngisho nangesikhathi sokuphulukiswa kwesifo nangemva kokushona. Lezi zinkinga zingabonakala ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene, futhi zingafika futhi zihambe, kodwa isiyezi sivame ukuzinza cishe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemuva kokushaywa komzimba futhi ngokuvamile kuvame ukuqhubeka siba nzima kakhulu.
Abanye abasindile ngesifo sokushaya isisu basuke benokulinganisela, abanye bazizwa behlaziyekile, abanye bahlangenwe nakho ukukhanya okukhanyayo kanti abanye banomuzwa wokuthi igumbi liyaphenya.
Ukushaywa yisifo kunoma yisiphi isifunda sobuchopho kungabangela umuzwa wokuzizwa ungalingani, kodwa ukushaywa komzimba okubandakanya i- brainstem noma i- cerebellum cishe kungabangela ukuzondwa okuqhubekayo nokukhathazeka ukugcina ibhalansi nokusebenzisana.
Ukwelashwa ngokwemvelo kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulwa nokukhubazeka kokulinganisela ngemva kokushaywa yisifo, futhi kunamanani amaningi okuphepha ekhaya lapho ungenza khona ngokwakho ukuze ukwandise umqondo wakho wokulinganisela futhi unciphise isizungu sakho.
Izinguquko Zombono
Kukhona izinguquko ezihlukahlukene zombono ezingabangela ukushaywa komzimba, kufaka phakathi ukubonwa kabili kwemboni (i-diplopia) yokubonwa kwendawo (i-hemianopsia) , ukuxosha amehlo (nystagmus), nokulahlekelwa kombono. Lezi yizinguquko ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo emva kokushaywa yisifo, nakuba abanye abasindile besifo besifo belahlekelwa umbono phakathi nendawo yezinto ezibukwayo, kanti abanye abasindile isifo balahlekelwa amandla okubona umbala .
Ukuphazamiseka embonweni ngemuva kokushaywa yingozi kungaba ukukhubazeka okukhulu, ukuphazamisa ukushayela ngisho nokuphepha ekhaya.
Izinkinga zokukhuluma nezokuxhumana
Aphasia
I-Aphasia ichaza ukukhuluma okunzima noma ukuqonda amagama ngenxa yesifo noma ukulimala kobuchopho. Uma ukushaywa komzimba kuhilela uhlangothi oluvelele lwe-cortex ye-cerebral (ngokuvamile ohlangothini lwesobunxele) osindile isifo esingaba nesifo esithile angase abe nenkinga yokwenza amagama (Broca's aphasia) noma ahlukumeze amagama nokuqonda ulimi (i-Wernicke's aphasia.) Ngokujwayelekile, umsindisi olwa nesifo sohlangothi unamaBraca's aphasia noma I-Wernicke's aphasia, futhi okungajwayelekile ukubhekana nakho kokubili izinhlobo ze-aphasia, ngokwesibonelo, uma isifo sikhulu kakhulu.
Dysarthria
I-Dysarthria yinkinga lapho umsindisi osindayo engeke akwazi ukukhuluma ngokucacile ngenxa yobuthakathaka futhi anciphise ukuhlanganiswa kwemisipha yomzimba nomlomo ngemva kokushaywa yisifo.
Abasindile isifo socansi abanesifo sofuzo abanalo i-aphasia, ngoba lezi zinhlobo ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele zezinkinga zokukhuluma. Abasindile abaningi abahlukunyezwayo abanesifo somzimba bangakwazi ukuqonda inkulumo futhi bangasebenzisa amagama afanele, kodwa banenkinga yokwenza amagama abo aqondakale ngenxa yobuthakathaka obubuthakathaka noma izinkinga zomzimba.
Ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo
Izinguquko ezinengqondo ngemuva kokuphazamiseka zihlanganisa imemori yezinkumbulo, izinkinga zokuxazulula izinkinga, nokuqonda ukuqonda ukuqonda.
Ubukhulu bezinguquko zokuqonda ngemva kokushaywa kwesifo kunomthelela omkhulu kunomunye osindile wesifo kuya kwesinye. Ngokuvamile, ukushaywa okukhulu kunomphumela wokulahlekelwa okunzima kakhudlwana kunokuhlukunyezwa okuncane.
Esinye isici esithonya izinga lokulahlekelwa kwengqondo ngemva kokushaywa yingozi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umsindisi olwa nesifo sohlangothi ubenenkinga yokucabanga ngaphambi kokushaywa yisifo.
Umuntu owayenesifo sokuwohloka komqondo kwangaphambili noma okhubazekile nganoma isiphi isizathu ngaphambi kokushaywa ngengozi engcupheni enkulu yokuhlupheka ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kokuqonda okubi nakakhulu ngemva kokushaywa yisifo.
Abanye abasindile isifo sengozi babhekene nezinkinga ezinkulu ezifana ne-dementia ngemuva kokushaywa yisifo, kodwa lokho kubangelwa umonakalo wokulimala okuvela ezinkundleni eziningana, kunesifo esisodwa kuphela.
Izinkinga Zendawo / Ukunganaki Omunye Umzimba Womzimba
Ukunganakekelwa kolunye uhlangothi kwemvelo kanye nokunciphisa ikhono lokubona uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba kuthiwa ukungahoxiswa ngokungafanele . Lokhu kubangelwa ukushaywa kwe-cortex efanele ye-cerebral.
Ukunganakwa kwezwe lomhlaba kubangela ukuba umsindisi olwa nesifo socansi abe nenkinga ekuhlanganyeleni nenye ingxenye yemvelo futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokubona ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba wakhe. Ngokuvamile, abasindile abahlukunyezwayo abanokungahoxiswa ngokweqile abaqapheli ngokuphelele ukuthi bane-stroke.
Izinguquko zokuziphatha
Ngemuva kokushaya, ukuziphatha okusha kungabandakanya ukuntuleka kokuvimbela, okusho ukuthi abantu bangase baziphathe ngendlela engafanele noma abantwana ngemuva kokushaya. Ezinye izinguquko ekuziphatheni zihlanganisa ukungabi nozwela , ukulahlekelwa umuzwa wokuhlekisa , umhawu ongenangqondo , nentukuthelo.
Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo
Abantu abaningi babhekana nokudabuka nokucindezeleka ngemva kokushaywa yisifo. Lokhu kungumphumela wezinguquko zomzimba ebuchosheni obuhambisana nesifo sohlangothi.
Kodwa kunezinye izinguquko ezingokomzwelo ezivela ekubhekaneni nezimo ezintsha ukuthi umuntu osindayo olwa nesifo sohlangothi kufanele abhekane nazo, njengokudabuka kanye ne-angst ngokuphathelene nokukhubazeka okubangelwa isifo. Nakuba ukucindezeleka kuyisimo sengqondo esivame kakhulu ngemva kokushaywa yisifo, abanye abasindile isifo banokukhathazeka, intukuthelo noma ukukhungatheka.
Ubuhlungu
Amaphesenti angama-60 kuya ku-70 amaphesenti abahlukumezayo abazwa ubuhlungu obusha bokuqala ngemva kokushaywa yisifo. Ubuhlungu be-post stroke bungabangela ubuhlungu besisu, ubuhlungu bomzimba, ubuhlungu bekhanda, ubuhlungu obuphansi emuva, nobuhlungu bentamo. Ukwelashwa kobuhlungu bokuphuza ngemuva kuhlanganisa ukuphumula, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, kanye nemithi. Imisipha ye-post stroke idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kudokotela wakho, kodwa bangathuthuka ngokuphathwa kahle.
Ukhathala Nezinkinga Zokulala
Abasinda abaningi abahlukunyezwayo bahlangabezana nokukhathala okuthile. Lokhu kungabonakala njengokulala ngokweqile noma njengokukhathala ngokungakwazi ukuphumula ngokwanele.
Encwadini ehlobene nalokhu, ukuphazamiseka kokulala njengokuvuka phakathi nobusuku, kunenkathazo yokulala, inkathazo yokulala, nokulala kancane kancane ngosuku lonke kuvamile kakhulu ngemva kokushaywa yisifo. Lezi zinkinga ngokuvamile zenezela ekukhatheni jikelele emva kokushaywa.
Ngokungafani neminye imiphumela eminingi yokulimala, ukuphazamiseka kokulala akusho ukuthambekela ekuthuthukiseni ngokwabo. Uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga zokulala ngemuva kokushaya, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho ngezimpawu zakho.
Ukwehlisa Izinkinga
Cishe isigamu sabasindile be-stroke bahlangabezana nezinkinga ezithile ngokuhlafuna nokugwinya ukudla.
Ukuhlaziywa kwenkulumo nokugwinya kungabonisa izinkinga zokugwinya ngemuva kokushaywa yisifo . Nakuba kungase kungabonakali kuyinkinga enkulu, ukugwinya izinkinga kuyiqiniso, kuyingozi ngempela. Ukwehla okubangelwa ukukhubazeka kwamascle okubangelwa isifo kungabangela ukugula okujulile, okufana ne- aspiration pneumonia noma ngisho nezinkinga zokuphefumula zokuphefumula.
Inkinga Ngokuthutha
Ngemuva kokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, abaningi abasindwa yisifo sohlangothi basuke bezwa ukungabi nalutho, okuvuthwa uma ungafuni. Abanye abasindile isifo sibhekene nokugcinwa kwesibindi, okungukuthi abakwazi ukuvota uma ufuna. Zombili lezi zinkinga ziyingozi futhi zihlazisa, kodwa zingaphathwa ngezokwelapha.
I-Muscle Atrophy
Ngemuva kwesifo, imisipha ebuthakathaka ingaba buthakathaka kangangokuba awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa nhlobo. Uma imisipha ingasetshenziswanga isikhathi eside, ingahle ihlehlise, ibe yincinci, ilahlekelwe impela inqwaba yemisipha nezwi. Ngeshwa, i- muscle atrophy iholela ekukhuseni ubuhlungu besisu.
Kunzima ukululama emasothini we-muscle, kepha amasu okuvuselela angasiza ekuthuthukiseni isimo bese uvuselela kancane imisipha. Kungcono ukuvimbela i-muscle atrophy ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuvuselela izimo zangaphambili ezithintekayo ezibandakanya imisipha ebuthakathaka ngaphambi kokuba ihlehlise.
Isisindo se-Spasticity
Ngezinye izikhathi imisipha ebuthakathaka iba nzima futhi iqine ngemva kokushaywa, mhlawumbe ngisho nokuzishaya. Ubuhlungu be- muscle buvame ukuba buhlungu, ubuhlungu buba phakathi kwemisipha ye-spastic futhi kuhlanganisa imisipha eseduze. Ubuhlungu be-muscle nokuqina kuholela ekulawuleni ukulawulwa kwezimoto zamathambo asevele abuthakathaka.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-muscle kungavinjelwa ngokuvuselelwa kokuvuselelwa kwesimo sokuthutha. Uma i-spasticity ye-muscle iqala ngemva kokushaya, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa eziphumelelayo ezingasetshenziswa ukulawula izimpawu, kodwa imithi ayiguquli ngokuphelele ukuphazamiseka.
Ukuzizwa
Ngemuva kokushaywa komzimba, abantu abangamaphesenti angama-30 kuya kwangu-50 abahlukunyezwa yi-stroke bahlushwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma i-cortex ye-cerebral ilimala ngemva kokushaywa komzimba, lesi sifunda sobuchopho singase siqale ukukhiqiza umsebenzi owenziwe ngogesi, okuholela ekuthunjweni.
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuvimbela ukuthatha ingxenyeni kuyingxenye yohlelo lokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kokulashwa uma kunengozi enkulu yokuqothulwa ngemuva kokushaya . Abanye abasindile isifo sikhukhuma bezama ukugubha iminyaka ngemva kokushaywa yinkinga emkhakheni wezehlakalo ezibucayi, njengokuhlinzwa noma ukutheleleka okukhulu. Ukuqothulwa kwesiguli kungaphathwa ngemithi.
Izwi elivela
Imiphumela yokushaywa komzimba ibubanzi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi, ngenkathi ezinye izifo ezinzima ezifana ne-hemiplegia nokulahleka kombono kulindeleke, ezinye izimo eziphazamiseka njengobuhlungu, isizungu, nokuhlukumeza izinkinga nazo kufanelekile ukunakusiza ukuba uphile impilo yakho engcono kakhulu njengoba usuphulukile esivumelwaneni sakho .
> Imithombo:
> Mohd Zulkifly MF, Ghazali SE, Che Din N, Singh DK, Subramaniam P. Ukubukezwa Kwezinto Ezibucayi Zokukhubazeka Ngokwengqondo. I-Scientific World Journal . 2016; 2016: 3456943.
> Oh H, Seo W. Ukubukezwa Okuzwakalayo Kwe-Central Post-Stroke Pain. Ukuphathwa Kwezinhlungu Abahlengikazi . 2015; 16 (5): 804-18.