Izinsiza ezithintekayo nezinsiza zokwelapha ezihlala njalo
Uma wena noma othandekayo ehlushwa ukulimala okuholela enkingeni yesikhashana noma yesikhathi eside ekwenzeni imisebenzi yansuku zonke, ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokusiza kanye nobuchwepheshe kungakusiza ukuthi ubuyele ekuzimele.
Izwe lobuchwepheshe ukusiza ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke likhulu futhi lihlukahlukene. Kunezinketho eziningi kanye nemibandela yokufuna ukuhlunga; kakhulu kangangokuthi ukubonisana nodokotela, njengososayensi wezokuvuselela, kuvame ukuvunyelwa.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ufunde imikhakha ehlukene yobuchwepheshe bokusiza futhi, ngethemba, wabeka iphuzu ekutholeni futhi uqonde ubuchwepheshe obungase busebenzele kangcono wena noma othandekayo wakho.
Inothi elifushane mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwemikhakha kanye nezincazelo
Nakuba imishini yezokwelapha ehlala njalo, imishini eguquguqukayo, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokusiza ngezikhathi ezithile zisetshenziselwa ngokungafani, ngokuvamile kuvunywa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokusiza yilona isigaba esibanzi kakhulu samadivayisi ukusiza abantu ekuhlanganyeleni ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Imishini yokwelapha esebenzayo futhi ehlala njalo yizigaba ezingaphansi.
Imishini eguquguqukayo kanye nemishini yokwelapha ehlala njalo uhlobo lwezokwelapha , okungabuye kubekwe njengezinto zokuzinakekela. Lezi zigaba zibalulekile ukuqonda ngoba zingathinta ukuthi ngabe idivayisi ihlanganiswa nomshuwalense.
Inkulumo ethi "ubuchwepheshe" ilahlekisa njengoba ezinye izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe bokusiza zizithulusi ezilula kakhulu, njengeglasi lokukhulisa.
Lezi ziyaziwa ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokusekela ubuchwepheshe obuphansi. Ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu bokusekela ubuchwepheshe bungaba yinkimbinkimbi njengoba isitulo sabakhubazekile sisetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa ubuhlungu bomoya.
Kuyini Ubuchwepheshe Bokusiza?
Ubuchwepheshe bokusiza bubhekisela kunoma yimiphi imishini noma ubuchwepheshe obukhulisa ukubamba iqhaza kokuphila kubantu abakhubazekile noma ukulimala.
Incazelo ejwayelekile yobuchwepheshe bokusiza isetshenziselwa izingcezu eziningana zomthetho kubandakanya Isigaba 508 no-IDEA: "Ubuchwepheshe bokusiza yizinto, izingcezu zemishini noma izinhlelo zomkhiqizo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zentengiso, ziguquliwe noma zenziwe ngezifiso. Lawa madivayisi asetshenziselwa ukwandisa, ukugcina noma ukuthuthukisa amakhono okusebenza abantu ngabanye. "
Okubeka ubuchwepheshe bokusiza ngaphandle kwezigaba zawo ukuthi akudingeki ukuba kwenziwe ngokuqondile kubantu abakhubazekile. Kungasiza futhi umphakathi jikelele.
Isibonelo, kuyinto enhle kunoma ubani ukuthi angakwazi ukuvuselela umtshina wabo wensimbi ngohlelo lokusebenza lwefoni. Ngomuntu onokuhamba okulinganiselwe ongakwazi ukufinyelela isiteji, lobu buchwepheshe bukhona umehluko phakathi kokukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ngokuzimela futhi okudingayo ukuthola umuntu okuzosiza.
Ezinye izibonelo zobuchwepheshe bokusiza kuleveli ebanzi zihlanganisa:
- Ukuzenzakalela kwekhaya
- Izimoto zokuzishayela
- Isofthiwe yokuqaphela izwi
- Izikhala zomphakathi ezinemigwaqo kanye neziphakamisi
- Abanakekeli bezempilo nempilo
Ubuchwepheshe bokusiza kulo mqondo obanzi kakhulu buhlobene kakhulu nomklamo wendawo yonke, okuyisifiso sokwenza izinto zifinyeleleke kubantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. I-Universal design ingakwazi ukuqeda isidingo sobuchwepheshe obukhethekile nezindawo zokuhlala kubantu abanokukhubazeka.
Yisiphi Isikhali Esixhasayo?
Imishini eguquguqukayo iklanyelwe ngqo abantu abanokukhubazeka okude noma okude. Incwadi yezokwelapha esebenzayo ichaza imishini eguquguqukayo ngale ndlela:
"Imishini eguquguqukayo eyenzelwe ukusiza abantu abakhubazekile inxephezela ukulinganiselwa okusebenzayo; imishini yezinto ezilula, njenge-reacher esetshenziswa isikhathi eside kulabo abangakwazi ukugoba, ukuba kube yinkimbinkimbi, njengezinhlelo zekhompyutha zokulawula imvelo. "
Imishini eguquguqukayo ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi yizixhobo zokusiza noma eziguquguqukayo.
Izinsiza ezithintekayo zezenzo zokuphila kwansuku zonke
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zemishini eguquguqukayo zihlobene nemisebenzi yokuphila kwansuku zonke (ADLs) .
Lezi yimisebenzi ebalulekile abantu okufanele bayenze ukuze balondoloze ikhwalithi yokuphila.
Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kubalulekile ngoba izibhedlela nezikhungo zezokwelapha ziqinisekisa ukuthi abantu banendlela yokusebenzisa i-ADL ngaphambi kokukhipha. Kulo mongo abantu abaningi baziswa ngemishini eguquguqukayo.
Izibonelo ezingezansi aziphelele kodwa zimelela ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zemishini yokuguquguquka.
Izinsiza ezithintekayo zokugqoka
- Izindwangu zokugqoka
- Abashumayeli
- Izimpondo zezicathulo ezisetshenziswa isikhathi eside
- Izinkinobho zezinkinobho
- Velcro
- Izindwangu ezisezingeni eliphansi
- Izinsiza ezithintekayo
- Izibambo zezinyawo
- Ama-Hip-kits : Izinkinobho ze- Hip ziqukethe induku yokugqoka, umshumayeli, isikhonkwane esiphethwe isikhathi eside, nosizo lwe-sock. Zivame ukuphakanyiswa ukulandela ukufakwa esikhundleni se-hip njengoba odokotela abaningi batusa iziguli ukuthi zinganciki phambili esikhwameni amasonto ambalwa.
Izinsiza ezithintekayo zokugeza
- Isihlalo sesibhubhu / ibheji ebhodini enemuva
- Dlulisa ibhodi
- I-shower Handheld
- Isipanji esiphatha isikhathi eside
- Bamba imigoqo
- I-thermometer
- Isihlalo sokubhukuda
- Ibhodi yokudlulisa noma ukuphakama kwemishini
- Geza mitt
Izinsiza ezithathelisayo zokuthutha
- Amakhodi
- Usizo lwe-Toilet ukusiza ekuhlanzeni indawo ye-perineal
- Amagundane omlenze wokusiza ukuphakamisa imilenze
Izinsiza ezithintekayo zokudla
- I-Universal-cuff yokubamba izinto
- I-ADL ihlukaniswe isikhumba ukuze iqinise isibindi
- Isitsha se-skid
- Umlindi we-Plate
- Isitsha se-Scoop
- Izinto ezithintekayo
- Uhlobo olude
- Ingalo yeselula isekela
Izinsiza ezithintekayo zokuhamba okuyisisekelo
Ukuhamba kungahamba kusukela ekuhambeni ukuya ekudleni. Ngezikhathi eziningi, umhlinzeki wenyama uzakutusa futhi ahlinzeke ngemfundo kumadivayisi ayisisekelo wokuhamba .
- Abahambahambayo
- Ama-Rollators
- Amakhansela
- Amathrekhi
- Amandla nezihlalo zabakhubazekile
- Ramps
- Phakamisa izihlalo
- I-Stair iphakamisa
Izinsiza eziguquguqukayo zezenzo ze-Instrumental zokuphila kwansuku zonke
Imisebenzi ye-Instrumental yokuphila kwansuku zonke (IADLs) yizinto ezithuthukisa impilo yansuku zonke ngaphezu kokusinda okuyisisekelo. Lezi zivame ukusebenza imisebenzi yesibili ezibhekiswe emuva uma zikhishwe esimweni esinzima.
Lezi zicucu zemishini eguquguqukayo cishe zingeniswa kwisilungiselelo sokuphulukisa iziguli, indawo yokuhlengikaza enekhono, ngokusebenzisa impilo yasemakhaya noma ukuphenywa ngumuntu ngamunye noma ilunga lomndeni.
Lolu hlu alukho indawo eseduze nokuphelela njengoba i-IADLs isigaba esibanzi kune-ADLs. Lezi zibonelo ezimbalwa ezivela ezimbalwa zezigaba, okuhloswe ukukunika umbono wezinto ezithintekayo.
Ukushayela nokuhamba komphakathi
- Ukuguqulwa kwezimoto
Ukuphathwa Kokuxhumana
- Abafundi besikrini
- Izinsiza zokuzwa
- Amadivayisi wokulalela okusiza
- Imishini yocingo ye-Amplified
- Amabhodi wokuxhumana
- Amadivayisi akhiqiza inkulumo
- Amadivaysi wokuxhumana angathandeki
Ukuqonda
- Izinsiza zokukhumbula
Ukuzilibazisa
- Imishini yezemidlalo eguquguqukayo
- Amathoyizi adaptive
Ukuphepha
- Izinkinobho zekholi ezithandekayo
- Amadivayisi we-Fall-detection
Izinsiza Zezokwelapha Ezingapheliyo
Imishini yezokwelapha ehlala njalo ihlanganisa izinto eziphathekayo ezithinteka kakhulu emithwaleni yakho.
Uma lezi zindlela ezingezansi zihlangene, lezi zinto zihlanganiswa yi-Medicare Part B. Izinhlelo ze-Medicaid nezinye izinketho zomshuwalense zingabuye zihlanganise imishini yokwelapha eqinile.
Ukuze uhlolwe yi-Medicare, udokotela kufanele ulotshwe udokotela wakho. Amadokhumenti wakho wokuvuselela izifo angase aqakatheke ekuqinisekiseni lesi simangalo ku-Medicare.
Ngokusho kwe-Social Security website, imishini yokwelapha eqinile ichazwa yizici ezilandelayo:
- Kuhlala isikhathi eside (kunesikhathi esilindelekile sokuphila okungenani iminyaka emithathu).
- Isetshenziselwa isizathu sezokwelapha.
- Ngokuvamile akusizi kumuntu ongaguli noma omele.
- It isetshenziswa ekhaya lakho.
Izibonelo zifaka:
- Amakhansela
- Izihlalo zokuzijabulisa
- Amathrekhi
- Imibhede yesibhedlele
- Izihlalo zamasondo ezinomqulu kanye namadivayisi wokuhamba amandla
- Imithi ye-Nebulazers ne-nebulazer
- Isiguli siyaphakamisa
- Abahambahambayo
Ubani Ozokusiza Ukukhomba I-Technology Technology Nezinsiza?
Ubuchwepheshe bokusiza bungathunyelwa kuzo zonke izigaba zohambo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, kusukela esibhedlela kuya eqenjini lokusekela inthanethi.
Abantu abaningi bazoqala ukwethulwa kwezobuchwepheshe bokusiza, ikakhulukazi imishini eguquguqukayo, ngokubambisana nodokotela wezokwelapha, njengomsebenzi osebenzayo, inkulumo noma umuthi wezokwelapha. Zonke iziyalo ezintathu ziqeqeshwe kwezobuchwepheshe bokusiza.
Lezi zithimba ngokuvamile ziba nomgomo wokusiza ukuphulukiswa ngokomzimba ukubuyela kwesiguli ekuzimele. Nokho, kunezimo lapho amadivaysi adingekayo okwesikhashana ngenkathi ukuphulukiswa ngokomzimba kuqhubeka (isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa komuntu ohambahamba emasontweni okuqala ngemva kokuhlinza ngokuqasha) noma uma kukhona imishini engaguquguquki yokusebenza ingase ibe ingxenye yokuphila kwansuku zonke (isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwesitulo sabakhubazekile).
Abachwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe bokusiza
Abanye abathintekayo bayaqhubeka baba yi-Assistive Technology Professionals (ATPs). Lesi isitifiketi esikhethekile esidinga amahora angu-1000 omsebenzi womsebenzi nokuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe. Isikhungo sakho sokuhlala kabusha singakuxhumanisa nenye yalezi zinkampani ngezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphakathi kwalesi saziso, abanye bahlose ukuhlala (ATP / SMS).
Ukuthenga Nokuthola I-Right Piece Equipment
Ngenkathi isazi singase sincoma izinhlobo ezithile zemishini futhi udokotela angayilawula-ngokuvamile kuvame iklayenti ukuthi ngempela ithenge imishini.
Isibhedlela noma isikhungo singase sibe namadivayisi athile kuwe. Ezimweni eziningi, kuzoba nesithakazelo esivelele se-pocketbook yakho ukuthenga nxazonke futhi uhlole zonke izindlela zokuthola usizo olufanele.
Ukuthengwa kwabathengisi bezeMpilo
Izikhathi eziningi, izibhedlela nezikhungo zizoba nabathengisi abathile bezokwelapha abasebenza nabo futhi bangancoma. Lokhu kungaba usizo ikakhulukazi lapho izinkampani zokuhlinzeka ngezokwelapha zine-ATP kubasebenzi. Abathengisi bendawo bangakusiza futhi ukuba uqonde iMedare, amasevisi e-Medicaid esifundazweni sakho nezinye izinsiza zendawo.
Ama-Closets ebolekayo
Eminye imiphakathi iboleke ama-closets esetshenziswa ngemithi ejwayelekile. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu uma udinga isiqeshana semishini okwesikhashana. Qala ngokubuza umuthi wakho uma bebona le nsizakalo.
Izinhlelo Zokuqasha
Ezinye izinkampani zokuhlinzeka ngezokwelapha nezinye izinhlangano zinikeza izinhlelo eziqashisayo zokwelashwa ezibiza kakhulu. Futhi, cela umnyango wakho we-rehab noma umthengisi ngezinketho ezitholakale endaweni yakini.
Izinhlangano Zomphakathi Nengingqi Ezihlobene Nezifo Zakho
Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho enesifo esithile, kungase kube usizo ngokusebenzisa izinhlangano ezihlobene, kungaba nguzwelonke noma wendawo. Isibonelo, bona leli khasi ku-National Multiple Sclerosis Society.
Uhlelo lwezobuchwepheshe boMbuso wakho
Cishe wonke amazwe anehlelo lobuchwepheshe bokusiza. I-RESNA (I-Rehabilitation Engineering ne-Assistive Technology yaseNyakatho Melika) inesiqondisi esiwusizo sezinsiza kumbuso ngamunye.
Ukuqhafaza ukuguqula kwakho siqu
Uma wena noma othandekayo enokukhubazeka, ungase uzuze emishinini eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ekhethekile kunokwakhe uhlu oluphezulu lwezinto ezivamile. Kunezinsiza ezijabulisayo laphaya ukusiza abantu abakhubazekile ukwenza indawo yabo ibe lula kakhulu. Ukuzikhandla kwe-NY kuyisisetshenziswa esihle sokuhlola.
> Imithombo
> I-Radomski MV, Latham CA. (Ed.). (2008). Ukwelapha emsebenzini wokukhubazeka ngokomzimba. I-Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.