C. Ukutheleleka kwesifo kunzima ukusabalalisa
I-Clostridium difficile ( C. diff ) idala isifo sezifo zebhaktheriya ekoloni. Ungaba nama-bacteria, kodwa awunayo izimpawu. Noma, ungase ubone izimpawu ezivela kuhudo olumnene kuya kwesifo esingathí sina, ngezinye izikhathi i-colitis esongela ukuphila (ukuvuvukala koloni).
Abantu abaningi abanesifo seClostridium difficile ngeke bagule.
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ungakwazi ukusabalalisa lesi sifo ngaphandle kokwazi. Abantu abavame ukwelashwa yibo ababelethwe esibhedlela noma ukuthatha ama-antibiotics.
Indlela esakazeka ngayo: Lesi sifo senzeke uma othile ephuza ama-antibiotic noma enezimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezithola igciwane ngamagciwane. Lokhu kuvame ukukwenzeka uma badlulisa amabhaktheriya ezivela ezintweni ezinobuncwane noma ezihlahleni emlonyeni noma ekhaleni.
I-Clostridium difficile iyi-microbe engamaqhinga engenza ama-spores asinda emvelweni izinyanga. Esikhathini sezilungiselelo zesibhedlela, izinhlamvu zisakazeka kusuka kwesiguli kuya kwesiguli, kanye nabasebenzi esibhedlela ukubekezela.
Indlela okubangela ngayo izifo: Ukwelashwa kwezifo zebhaktheriya ngama-antibiotic kungaphazamisa kanyekanye amabhaktheriya ahlala khona, okubizwa nangokuthi "microflora," ehlala kolononi yakho. I-microflora ivame ukuvikela ikholoni yakho, kodwa lapho engekho, ezinye izifo ezincane ezithathelwanayo, njengeClostridium difficile (okuphikisana kakhulu nemithi eminingi yama-antibiotic kunama-bacterium ajwayelekile) kungathatha indawo yayo futhi ibangele izifo.
I-Clostridium difficile ikhiqiza amakhemikhali abangela isifo sohudo ngokulimaza amangqamuzana ekoloni, okuholela ekwakheni izilonda (izilonda) ekoloni. I-toxin ibangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu, futhi amangqamuzana afile aphefumulayo kanye namasiki angenza "i-pseudomembrane," okuyisici sesifo.
Ngo-2006, uhlobo olusha lweClostridium difficile olubizwa nge-NAP1, olukhiqiza izikhathi ezingu-20 uketshezi oluningi kunezinye izinkinga, litholakala ukuthi libhekene nezifo zamakholomu ezikhukhumezayo nokufa.
Ngomnyaka kaNovemba 2008, ukuhlukumeza okungahle kubulawe kwe-NAP1 kubikwa ukuthi kufinyelela izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-20 ezivame kakhulu kunalokho okucatshangwa ngaphambilini. (Umthamo ungase ube nesibopho sokuqhamuka kusukela ngo-2000.)
Ngubani osengozini? Bonke abantu bangenwa igciwane, kodwa abantu abaye bathatha ama-antibiotic noma babhedlela bangengozi yokuthola isifo esibi. Ezinye izifo ezandisa ingozi yezifo zeClostridium difficile zihlanganisa ukuhlala esibhedlela isikhathi eside, iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65, isifo esibi kakhulu, nokuhlala ezindaweni zokunakekela isikhathi eside. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zingenakuthola ukuthola izifo ngoba zingathinteki yi- Clostridium difficile toxins.
Izimpawu nezibonakaliso: Uphawu oluyinhloko luhudo lwamanzi, izikhathi ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ngosuku okungenani izinsuku ezimbili. Ezinye izimpawu zibandakanya umkhuhlane, i-nausea, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, nobuhlungu besisu .
Ukuxilongwa: Ukuhlolwa okuninginingi kutholakala kuClostridium difficile , kuhlanganise nalabo abathola izinhlayiya ezithile ema-sampuli esitokisini kanye namasiko ama-bacterial for the microbe. Ukuxhuma okukhulu ekubaleni kwegazi elimhlophe nakho kungaba uphawu.
Ukwelashwa: Kunconywa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsuku eziyishumi zama-antibiotics, njenge-vancomycin ngomlomo noma i-metronidazole. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukutheleleka kungabangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwesinye isifo sokulwa namagciwane kuqala, kungase kudingeke ukuthi umuntu ahlale emithini enqunyiwe isikhathi eside.
Ukwelashwa okuthembisayo , okubizwa ngokuthi i- fecal bacteriotherapy , kuhilela ukudluliselwa kwezinto ezifakwe emthonjeni ophilile ukuze kuguqulwe ukungalingani kwamagciwane emathunjini. I- microbiome enempilo iye yachithwa imithi ngama-antibiotics futhi kanjalo no-C Diff ingahluma; ukufakelwa kwe-fecal kuvumela ukuthi i-microbiome entsha itshalwe.
Ukuphawula nokucindezeleka: Abantu abaningi abathola izifo zeClostridium difficile bazoba nesifo sohudo esincane. Isifo esibi, njenge-colitis, singenzeka futhi sidinga ukwelashwa. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, i-colitis ingaba yizifo ezingathí sina, ezifana ne-fulminant colitis, okudinga ukubonisana ngokushesha.
Ukuvimbela: Ngenxa yokuthi isifo se- Clostridium difficile sitholakala ngokuyinhloko ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezidambisigciwane ekwelapheni izifo lapho zibalulekile khona. Ukwengeza, ukuhlanza izandla njalo kanye nokungcola kwemvelo kumele kwenziwe. Ukuxilongwa kwesandla esiphundu se-alcohol akuqedi i-C. spores, ngakho ukugeza izandla kubaluleke kakhulu.
Imithombo:
Ulwazi olubanzi mayelana nezifo zeClostridium difficile . Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo.
Ucwaningo lwe- Clostridium difficile ye- National US Inpatient Healthcare Facility. . I-APIC Research Foundation.
Salyers AA no-Whitt DD. I-Pathogenesis ye-bacterium: Indlela Yengqamuzana. © 1994, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC. iphe. 282-289.
Sunenshine RH noMcDonald LC. I-Clostridium difficile- izifo ezihlanganisiwe: Izinselele ezintsha ezivela ku-pathogen esungulwe. I-Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. 2006; 73: 187.