Ukutheleleka kwe-urinary (UTI) ukutheleleka okuvamile okungathinta noma yikuphi ingxenye ye-urinary system, kuhlanganise nezinso, isambiso nesibindi (i-tube lapho umchamo uphuma khona emzimbeni). Umsebenzi wezocansi uyimbangela evamile, nakuba kungesiye kuphela. Ngenkathi abesifazane abangamaphesenti angama-60 bayothola iTI. Amadoda nezingane nazo zingathinteka.
Izimpawu zingabandakanya ubuhlungu be-pelvic, isisusa esikhudlwana sokuchama, ubuhlungu ngokuchama, negazi emcinini. I-urinalysis ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa i-UTI nemithi elwa namagciwane asetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo eziphawulekayo.
Nakuba iningi le-UTIs lingathí sina, ezinye zingabangela ukukhubazeka kwezinso, ukukhulelwa kokukhulelwa, kanye nokuhlukunyezwa okubangelwa ukuphila okubizwa ngokuthi i-sepsis. Ngenhlanhla, iningi liphathwa ngokuphumelelayo, futhi amasu okuvikela angasiza ukuzivikela izifo ezizayo.
Izimpawu
Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane e-Urinary akubangeli ngaso sonke isikhathi izimpawu. Uma benza, bangathinta umzila ophansi we-urinary (i-urethra nesigcawu) noma ipheshana eliphezulu le-urinary (izinso). Lokho okubandakanya izinso kubonakala kunzima kakhulu.
Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-UTI zingabandakanya:
- Isifiso esiphikelelayo sokuvuthwa (ukuphuthuma komchamo)
- Ukuvutha noma ubuhlungu lapho uchama (i- dysuria )
- Ukudlula njalo, amancane omchamo
- Uguqule umchamo (obangelwa ukuqhuma emcimbini, noma i- pyuria )
- Ubomvu, obomvu, noma umchamo omuncu (obangelwa igazi emcimbini, noma i- hematuria )
- Umchamo onamandla kakhulu
- Ubuhlungu be-pelvic kwabesifazane
- I-fever, i-nausea, nokuhlanza (ngokuvamile okubangelwa ukutheleleka kwezinso)
Uphawu oluvame kakhulu (futhi ngokuvamile) kuphela ezinganeni ezincane ngumkhuhlane. Ngokufanayo, kulabo asebekhulile, izimpawu zingase zivame ukungaqondakali futhi ezingabaluleki, njengokukhathala noma ukungaziphathi kahle.
Uma kushiywe kungalashwa, i-UTI ingaholela ezinkingeni ezingavamile kepha ezinzima, ezifana nezifo ezinzima noma ezingapheli ezinsifo (i- pyelonephritis ), ukunciphisa i-urethra yesilisa ( ukulinganisa ), ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuqala, noma ukubulala, isifo somzimba wonke esivuvukala esibizwa ngokuthi i-sepsis .
Izimbangela
Izifo ezitholakala e-Urinary zivela lapho amabhaktheriya engena e-urethra bese ehambela esiqandisini nezinso. Ngenkathi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela singakwazi ukunciphisa lezi zinambuzane, kunezimo lapho zingabamba khona futhi ziphindwe zibe yisifo esiphelele.
Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-UTIs ukudluliselwa kwama-bacterium ukusuka emgodleni noma kwesiswini kuya kwi-urethra. Cishe amaphesenti angu-80 abangwa yi- E. coli amabhaktheriya evame ukutholakala emanzini noma emanzini. Ezinye, njengeStaphylococcus saprophyticus, zitholakala ngokwemvelo emkhatsini wesifazane futhi zingadluliselwa ku-urethra ngesikhathi socansi.
Phakathi kwezimbangela ezivame kakhulu nezici eziyingozi :
- I-anatomy yezinsikazi ibeka owesifazane engozini enkulu ngenxa yobude obufushane kusukela ekuvuleni kwe-urethra kuya kwesinye.
- Abesifazane abesilisa ocansini basengozini enkulu kunabesifazane abangenabo ocansini, lapho kukhishwa ingozi ngokuhambisana nesilinganiso sobulili.
- Ama-diaphragms angakhuthaza ukukhula kwama-coliform amabhaktheriya njengo- E. coli.
- Izigulisi ze-spermicidal zingabangela ukuvuvukala ngokobulili.
- I-prostate eyandisiwe noma amatshe amakhiza angavimbela ukugeleza komchamo futhi avumele amabhaktheriya esikhwameni ukuba asungula ukutheleleka.
- Amadoda angasokile angabhekana namabhaktheriya ayingozi ngaphansi kwejwabu.
- Isifo sikashukela singakhuphula i-urine glucose ukuthi amabhaktheriya adle.
- Ukunqamuka kwesikhashana kungashintsha i-flora evikelayo emzimbeni.
- I-catheters ingabangela ukutheleleka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okungewona oyinyumba noma okude.
- Ukuthunga, ama-tampon, kanye nezidakamizwa zesifazane zinganikeza amabhaktheriya ithuba lokuhlasela.
- Ukuqeqeshwa kwamathambo kungaholela nase-UTIs, ikakhulukazi emantombazaneni kodwa nakwabafana abangasokile.
Kukhona nezimo zofuzo ezingahle zibeke umuntu ekuthelelekeni kwamagciwane.
Ukuxilongwa
Labo abaye baba ne-UTI ngaphambi kokuba bathi ngokuvamile bayazi lapho omunye efikile. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa udokotela kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lelo hunki lilungile ngempela.
Ngaphandle kokubukeza izimpawu zakho, udokotela angasebenzisa izivivinyo ezijwayelekile zokuxilonga noma izinqubo ukuqinisekisa i-UTI:
- I-urinalysis ingabheka igazi, i-pus, i-glucose, nezinye izinto ezingavamile emcinini.
- Isiko lomchamo singasetshenziselwa ukukhomba uhlobo lwebhaktheriya emcinini.
- Ukufaneka kwemifanekiso ye-magnontic (MRI) noma i- computed tomography (CT) ingasetshenziselwa ukuthola ukungajwayelekile emgqeni we-urinary.
- I-cystoscope , idivaysi yokubuka iguquguqukayo ende, ingangeniswa kwi-urethra ukuze uthole umbono obuseduze we-shingeni.
Uhlolo olwengeziwe lungenziwa ukuze ubone ukuthi kungenzeka yini ezinye izincazelo zezimpawu, kuhlanganise nesifo sovubelo , i- cystitis yangaphakathi , noma izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi ezifana ne- gonorrhea noma i- chlamydia (ikakhulukazi ezinsizweni).
Ukwelapha
Izifo ezithinta izimbangela ezingavamile ziphathwa ngendlela ejwayelekile nge-short course yemithi yama-antibiotic , kuhlanganise:
- I-Trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)
- Fosfomycin
- I-Nitrofurantoin
- I-Cephalexin
- Ceftriaxone
Kuncike ekukhethweni kwezidakamizwa kanye nokucindezeleka kanye / noma ukuphindaphinda kwesifo, isikhathi sokwelashwa singaba sifushane njengezinsuku ezintathu noma isikhathi eside kunesonto. Ukutheleleka okukhulu, njengalabo abathinta izinso, kungadinga isikhathi eside eside sokulwa namagciwane.
I-UTIs engenamaphutha (i-UTIs ngaphandle kwezimpawu) ngokuvamile ayiphathwa. Ukuphela okuwukuphela kokukhulelwa lapho inkambo yezinsuku eziyisikhombisa zemithi elwa namagciwane inganciphisa ingozi yokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kanye nesisindo sokuzalwa esincane.
Nakuba kungekho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezikwazi ukwelapha i-UTI, ukudla okunengi ku-vitamin C kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuphendula komzimba, kanti i-juanberry engasetshenziswanga i- cranberry ingase isekele ukujwayelekile kwemisebenzi yezinso.
Ukuvimbela
Ngenkathi ukutheleleka kwamagciwane e-urinary kuvamile, kunezinto ongayenza ukuze unciphise kakhulu ingozi yakho. Ngokujwayelekile kuhilela izinguquko ekuhlanzeni kwakho kanye nemikhuba yobulili.
Inhloso eyinhloko ukugwema ukwethulwa kwamagciwane okulimazayo emgodini wakho wokugcoba. Inhloso yesibili ukulondoloza impilo yakho ye-urinary futhi wenze kube yingozi kakhulu ekutheleleni.
Eminye yezindlela eziphumelelayo zokuvimbela zihlanganisa:
- Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi-okungenani izibuko eziyisishiyagalombili ngosuku-ukukhuthaza impilo yokugcoba kanye nezinso
- Ungalokothi ubambe umchamo
- Ukuhlanza izitho zangasese ngaphambi nangemva kocansi; ukuvuthwa ngemuva kocansi ukusiza ukusula umzila we-urinary
- Ukusebenzisa amakhondomu
- Gwema ama- spermicides nama- diaphragms
- Ukusula kusuka phambili ukuya emuva ukuze ugweme ukudluliselwa kwama-bacterial fecal kusuka ku-anus kuya kwesiswini
- Ukuhlanza ngaphansi kwejwabu nsuku zonke, uma ungasokile
- Ukugqoke izingubo zangaphansi zokuphefumula eziphefumulayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukwakha umswakama
Izwi elivela
Uma wena noma umuntu omthandayo ephethe izimpawu ze-UTI, yenza i-aphoyintimenti ukuze ubone udokotela oyinhloko wokunakekela noma i-OB / GYN yokwelashwa. Ukuyeka ukutheleleka okufana nalokhu kuphela, noma kunjalo, akuyona neze into enhle. Ngezikhathi ezingavamile, kungaholela ekuguleni okungathí sina okungeke kube nzima kakhulu ukwelapha kodwa kungabangela umonakalo ongapheli, ongapheli.
Uma uqala ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic , ungalokothi uyeke eceleni-ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zicacile. Ukwenza kanjalo kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwebhaktheriya elwa namagciwane, okwenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukuphinde uphathe i-UTI uma kuqhubeka.
> Imithombo:
> Al-Badr. kanye no-Al-Shaikh, B. Ukuphathwa kwezifo zokukhubazeka ezivame ukutholakala kwamanzi e-Urinary: Ukubuyekeza. I-Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2013: 359-67.
> USolomon, C. Izifo zoHlelo lwe-Urinary kumadoda amadala. N Engl J Med . 2016; 374: 562-571. I-DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMcp1503950.
> Schwartz, B. (2014) Izifo Zama-Urinary Tract. Ku: Levinson, W. eds. Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Medical Microbiology ne-Immunology, ngo-13 . ENew York, NY: iMfundo ye-McGraw-Hill.