I-Meningitis ibangela izimpawu ezivame ukufana nezifana nomkhuhlane. Izimpawu ezithinta kakhulu i-meningitis zihlanganisa umkhuhlane, uhambisane nentamo eqinile kanye nezinsizwa ngokuzwela kwemisindo nokukhanya. Lapho i-meningitis ikhululekile, noma uma iqhubekela phambili, cishe kungenzeka ukuthi ibangele izimpawu ezihambisana nokuvuvukala okuzungeze ubuchopho, njengokudideka noma ukugubha.
Izimpawu Ezivamile
I-Meningitis ihlotshaniswa ne-classic triad yezimpawu eziqukethe umkhuhlane, ikhanda lekhanda, nentamo eqinile. Ezinye izimpawu zivame ukuvela nge-meningitis. Kodwa, izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-meningitis ngokuvamile ziyizinto ezingacacile kakhulu, njengoba nazo zikhona nezinye izifo eziningana zamagciwane noma ama-virus, ngisho nalawo angabandakanyi ubuchopho obuncane.
Izimpawu ezilandelayo zivame kakhulu nge-meningitis, futhi zivame ukuba yizimpawu zokuqala zokugula. Ungathola noma iyiphi inhlanganisela yalezi zimpawu uma une-meningitis.
- Umkhuhlane wegesi ophansi: Uma wena noma ingane yakho unesifo se-meningitis, umkhuhlane ungaba ngaphansi kwama-degrees ama-fahrenheit angama-100. I-low grade fever ingenza kube lula ukuthi uqaphele ukugula.
- Ukukhanda ikhanda: Izinsola zingase zibe nzima, kodwa zingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu ukuya ekuhloleni konke, futhi zingase zihlotshaniswe nobuzwe bokuzwakala nokukhanya.
- Intamo yentamo: Ubuhlungu obukhulu bezintamo nokuqina lapho uhambisa intamo yakho kuvame ukuvela nge-meningitis, futhi ngokuvamile ayikuthuthuki uma ushintsha isikhundla sentamo yakho.
- Ama-muscle aches: Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu futhi uzwela kuwo wonke umzimba uma une-meningitis, futhi lokhu kufana nezinhlungu nezihlungu zezinye izifo.
- Ukukhathala: Umzwa wokuzizwa uphelele futhi uphelelwe amandla, ngisho nokuzikhandla okuncane, kuyinto ejwayelekile ye-meningitis.
- Ukulala: Uma une-meningitis, cishe uzozizwa ulele futhi ungalala amahora amaningi kunalokho okujwayelekile uma ungaguli.
- Ukungabi nesifiso: Ngokuvamile, i-meningitis ihlotshaniswa nokungafuni ukudla.
- I-nausea nokuhlanza: Ungase ube nesicanucanu noma ukuhlanza, ngisho noma unesifo esincane somsinga.
- Ukwehliswa: Ngekhanda, ukuzwela okuzwakalayo nokuzwakalayo, intamo eqinile nokukhathala, wena noma ingane yakho ingase ithukuthele uma igula nge-meningitis.
Izimpawu Ezijwayelekile Ezivamile
Kunezinye izimpawu eziningi ze-meningitis ezingavamile kakhulu kunezimpawu ezijwayelekile ezibhebhezela ukubhebhetheka komkhuhlane ezenzeka kakhulu esikhathini sokugula. Lezi zimpawu ezicacile ezengeziwe ze-meningitis nazo zibonakala nakakhulu.
- Umkhuhlane omkhulu: I-Meningitis ingabangela imfiva ephezulu ngaphezu kwama-degree degrees fahrenheit, noma ngaphezulu kwama-degrees 103.
- Ubuhlungu obubuyiselwa emuva: Ubuhlungu obubuyela emuva obubangelwa i-meningitis ngokuvamile bubi kakhulu uma uphonsa imilenze yakho eduze kwesifuba sakho endaweni yesisu. Kodwa emuva ubuhlungu obungemuva ongase uwenze uma une-meningitis bungadlwengulwa nanoma yikuphi ukuguqulwa esimweni, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhona ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- I-Rash: Ukutheleleka kwama-bacterial okubangela ukuqubuzana kwamantombazane kungabangela ukuqhuma. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu nge- meningococcal meningitis, ehlotshaniswa nokuqhuma okubonakala ngamachashazi amancane, abomvu esikhumbeni. Lezi zimachashazi ezibomvu empeleni zibangelwa ukuphuma kwamachiza amancane wegazi (ama-capillaries) avela ekusakazeni kwesifo ngaphandle kwesistimu yezinzwa.
- Ukudideka: Ngenxa yokuthi i-meningitis iyisifo esivela eduze kobuchopho, ingabangela izimpawu ze-neurological ezifana nokudideka okuphakathi kanye nobunzima ukugxila nokulalela.
- I-Delirium: Uma i-meningitis ikhulile, noma lapho isifo sifinyelela ngaphesheya kwama-meninges ebuchosheni, umuntu angabonakala ngokuzumayo futhi ngokusobala edidekile, ngezinguquko zokuziphatha. Lokhu kungase kuthuthuke kuze kube yilapho engakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani.
- I-Coma: Ezimweni ezingavamile, umuntu one-meningitis angase alahlekelwe ulwazi futhi angase ahlale esimweni esingenalutho kuze kube yilapho uphakamiso lwezinga eliphezulu lwezokwelapha luqala ukuxazulula ukutheleleka.
Izinkinga
Kunezinkinga eziningi ezibalulekile ze-meningitis. Lokhu kungenzeka uma ukutheleleka kufinyelela emanzini, kusakazeka ebuchosheni, noma kuhilela ezinye izindawo zomzimba. Izinkinga ze-meningitis zivame kakhulu ezinsaneni ezincane kakhulu noma kubantu abangenawo amasosha omzimba aphilile, kodwa bangenzeka kubantu abanezempilo ngokuphelele.
Ingxenye enkulu yokuphathwa kwezokwelapha kwe-meningitis igxile ekuvimbeleni lezi zinkinga, futhi ukuzithola ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yalezi zinkinga, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa: Ukubandakanya izinzwa ezilawula ukuzwa kungenzeka ngenxa yokulimala, okubangela ukukhubazeka okungapheli kokuzwa. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukuzwa ukuthi kuthinteka njengesibonakaliso sokuqala se-meningitis, kodwa kungenzeka. Noma kunjalo, kuyinkimbinkimbi eyaziwayo yesifo.
- I-Encephalitis: Ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala kwe-meningitis kungasakazeka ebuchosheni, okuholela esimweni esibizwa nge-encephalitis. I-encephalitis isifo sobuchopho ngokwayo, futhi sibangela izinqwaba zempawu nemiphumela, okungenzeka kube isikhathi eside. Izibonelo zezinguquko zesikhathi eside ezingabangela ukuphuma kwe-encephalitis zihlanganisa ukukhathala, inkinga yokulala, ukuncipha komsebenzi wokuqonda kanye nezinguquko zombono.
- Ukuzizwa: Ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala kwe-meningitis kungafinyelela ebuchosheni. Lokhu kuvame ukuvela lapho i-meningitis ihamba phambili eya encephalitis, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka nge-meningitis engeyona inkimbinkimbi ne-encephalitis. Ukuthukuthela kwezicubu zobuchopho ezindaweni ezithile zobuchopho kungabangela umsebenzi wegesi ebuchosheni ukuba ungasebenzi, okuholela ekugubheni.
- I-Septicemia: I-Septicemia isakazwa ukutheleleka egazini. Kuyinkinga enkulu engase ihambisane nokuwa kwegazi okusheshayo, okusho ukuthi umzimba awutholi igazi elanele ne-oxygen. Lokhu kuvame ukuhambisana nokuhluleka kwesitho. I-meningococcal meningitis ikakhulukazi, ihlotshaniswa ne-septicemia, engaba yingozi.
- Ukushaywa yisisu: Nakuba kungavamile, ukusabela okuvuvukala kwe-meningitis kungadluliselwa emagqabeni egazi, okwenza kube nesifo.
Nini Ukubona Udokotela
Uma une-meningitis, udinga ukuphathwa ngayo, futhi udokotela wakho kumele aqaphele ukugula kwakho ukuze akwazi ukuvimbela izinkinga uma kunokwenzeka.
Uma unesinye sezibonakaliso noma izimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha:
- Ukukhanda ikhanda: Uma uzwa ikhanda elisha noma uhlobo oluhlukile lwekhanda kunokuba uhlolwe ikhanda ngaphambili, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Imifudlana: Imfiva ephezulu ngaphezu kwama-degrees ama-fahrenheit angu-100, noma amaphuphu ahambisana nezinye izimpawu zokuthi i-meningitis ingasho ukuthi une-meningitis, i-encephalitis, noma esinye isifo esibi.
- Inkamo yentamo: Intamo eqinile noma intamo ebuhlungu akuyona evamile izingane ezinempilo, noma kubantu abadala abavame ukuzwa ubuhlungu bemisipha yentamo. Uma wena noma ingane yakho uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha zobunzima noma ubuhlungu entanyeni yakho, kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha.
- Ukuzizwa: Uma uhlangabezana nokunyakaza okungahambi kahle komzimba wakho, ukuxubana, ukuhlukanisa, noma iziqephu lapho ungazi khona indawo yakho, lokhu kungase kube ukuthunjwa. Noma yikuphi ukunqotshwa okusha kudinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono ngemva kwesiqephu.
- Rash nge-fever: Ukushaywa yisifo somkhuhlane, ikhanda kanye nentamo eqinile yiluphawu lokuthengisa lwe-meningococcal meningitis, ukutheleleka kwama-bacteria okungathuthuka ngokushesha.
- Ukudideka: Uma udidekile, unenkinga yokugxila noma ungakwazi ukulalela, kufanele uthole usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Ubuhlungu obubuyiselwa emuva: Ubuhlungu emuva, ikakhulukazi ngokugoqa imilenze yakho, kungenye yezibonakaliso ze-meningitis, futhi kungabonisa enye inkinga enkulu, ngakho kufanele uthole usizo ngaphandle kokulibaziseka.
- Ukuphuma: Uma wena noma ingane yakho ilahlekelwa ukuqonda, lokhu kungase kube ukuxoshwa komzimba noma ukugula okudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo
> Imithombo:
> Ukungqongqoshe MJ, Smith AT. I-streptococcal meningitis ebonisa ukulahleka kokuzwa kokubili komphakathi. Am J Emerg Med. 2018 Apr 5. pii: S0735-6757 (18) 30284-5. doi: 10.1016 / j.ajem.2018.04.009. [I-Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta]
> Lee JJ, Lien CY, Chien CC, et al. I-anaerobic bacterial meningitis kubantu abadala. J Clin Neurosci. 2018 Apr; 50: 45-50. doi: 10.1016 / j.jocn.2018.01.014. I-Epub 2018 Feb 1.
> Misra UK, Kalita J, Kumar M, Neyaz Z. Hypovolemia ngenxa yokushiswa kasawoti cerebral kungase kube nomthelela ekushayeni isifo senhliziyo. QJM. 2018 Apr 9. i-doi: 10.1093 / qjmed / hcy072. [I-Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta]