Iyini Inqubo Yokuvuselela i-Hip?
Ukuvuthwa kwe-Hip kuyindlela ehlukile yokuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngokujwayelekile kwe-hip okusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe- arthritis eqinile ye-hip . Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Hip akuyona ukuhlinzwa okusha. Ukuhlinza ukuhlinzwa kwe-Hip kwenziwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1970. Kodwa-ke, izinguquko zamuva ku-hip ekuvukeleni ukuklanywa kwemvelo ziye zaholela enentshisekelo entsha kule nqubo.
Ubani Ongaba Nokuhlinzwa Kwe-Hip Resurfacing?
Ukuhlinzeka ukuhlinzeka nge-Hip resurfacing kuyinto engase isetshenziselwe iziguli ezine- arthritis enamandla kakhulu.
Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Hip kunconywa kubaguli abasebancane futhi bangabhekana nokuhlinzwa okuningi esikhathini sokuphila kwabo. Azikho izifundo ezibonise ukuthi ukuvuthwa kwe-hip kungcono kuneziguli ezincane, kodwa kunezinzuzo ezingokwemvelo eziye zaholela odokotela abathile ukuba baphishekele lokhu.
Kungani i-Hip Resurfacing yawa ngaphansi kweNtandokazi ngawo-1970?
Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Hip kwakuyinkambiso ethandwayo emashumini eminyaka edlule. Izimpande ezisetshenziswa ngaleso sikhathi zenziwe zensimbi kanye nepulasitiki. Ngeshwa, lezi zimila zazizinkinga ezinkulu futhi ngokuvamile zahluleka eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lezi ziguli zazivame ukuhlinzwa okunye, ngisho nangesikhathi esifushane ngemva kokuvuswa kokuqala kwe-hip.
Yini eyenza ukukhula kwamuva ku-Hip Resurfacing Surgeries?
Ngomnyaka we-1990, kwaqaliswa i-hip entsha yokuqakatheka. Izindwangu zokuvuthwa kwe-hip manje zenziwe zensimbi ngokuphelele, zinezicucu ezimbili ezihlukene.
Enye yezimpande zensimbi "ikhefu" elibekwa ebhokisini le-ball-and-socket i-joint hip, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi lokufakelwa yinkomishi yensimbi eyenza isikhwama sokujoyina. Lezi zimila azizange zibonise izinga eliphezulu lokuhluleka kokuqala elibonwe emithini yensimbi kanye ne-plastiki yama-1970s no-80.
Abanye odokotela abahlinzayo baye bakugqugquzela ukuvuthwa okuvela ekukhuleni izimpande ngenxa yezinzuzo eziningana ezingenzeka.
Lezi zinzuzo zihlanganisa:
- Ukugcinwa kwethenda evamile: Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Hip resurfacing kususa ithambo elingaphansi kunomumo ojwayelekile we-hip. Esikhundleni se- hip esivamile , ibhola lonke le-ball-and-socket joint hip lisusiwe. Lapho kuhlinzwa ukuvuvukala kwe-hip, esikhundleni sokususa ibhola, i-cap yensimbi ifakwe eduze lapho i-cartilage igqoke khona. Ngenxa yokuthi ithambo elizungeze ukugxila lisekela i-cap yensimbi, leli thambo lihlala liphilile futhi liqinile. Ithefu elizungeze indawo ejwayelekile ye-hip ingaba yincipha futhi ibuthakathaka uma ukufakelwa kwe-hip esikhundleni sisekela wonke umthwalo. Le nkinga ibizwa ngokuthi "ukucindezela ukucindezeleka," futhi kubonakala kancane kancane ekuvukeni kwe-hip.
- Ingozi encane yokususwa: Izimpande ze-Hip resurfacing zingaphinda ziphindaphinda kangcono izibalo ezijwayelekile zomzimba we-hip, ngakho-ke, zinengozi ephansi yokuxoshwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ikakhulu ikakhulukazi ezigodini ezincane, ezisebenzayo, ukuxoshwa kungaba yingozi enkulu yokuhlinzwa ngokunyakaza .
- Ukubukezwa okulula: Uma ukuhlinzwa okuvulekayo kwe-hip kungapheli impilo yonke yesiguli, ukuguqulwa kabusha (ukuphindaphinda) esikhundleni kunzima. Njalo uma inqubo yokubuyekeza iyenziwa, ukuhlinzwa okukhudlwana nokufaka okukhudlwana kumele kusetshenziswe. Ngokunciphisa ithambo lisusiwe, futhi besebenzisa ukufakelwa okuncane, ukuhlinzwa okubukezwa okulandelayo ukuhlinzwa ukuvuvukala kwe-hip kungase kufane nokwenza ukushintshwa okujwayelekile kwe-hip.
Ubani Obekezela Ngcono Kwenqubo Yokubuyiswa Kwe-Hip?
Isiguli esihle kakhulu senqubo yokuvuthwa kwe-hip isiguli esincane (esingaphansi kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala) nesithambo esinamandla eduze kwe-joint hip. Iziguli ezisencane zikhathazeka ngokukhethekile kubahlinzeki abahlinzayo abahlanganyeli ngenxa yesikhathi abazodinga ukufakwa esikhundleni esengeziwe ( ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-hip ) esikhathini esithile ekuphileni. Inqubo yokuvuthwa kwe-hip kucatshangwa ukuthi ilondoloze amathambo engeziwe futhi ivikele izinkinga ezingase zihlotshaniswe nokuhlinzwa okwenziwa kabusha kwe-hip esikhundleni.
Ubani Ongesibekezela Sokuvuselelwa Kwe-Hip Resurfacing Surgery?
Iziguli ezinezinkinga emathanjeni ezungeze ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hip akufanele zihlinzekwe ukuhlinzwa okuvela phezulu.
Lezi zihlanganisa iziguli ezinokulahleka kwethambo ngenxa yesifo se-arthritis, iziguli ezine-osteoporosis, neziguli ezine-cysts ngaphakathi kwethambo. Noma yimiphi yalezi zimo zinganciphisa ithambo eduze kwe-joint hip, futhi iholele ekucindezelweni kokuhlinzwa kwe-hip resurfacing.
Ezinye izici zingase zenze iziguli zingaboni ukucubungula inqubo yokuvuthwa kwe-hip. Lezi zici zihlanganisa:
- Ubudala: Iziguli ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 kufanele zicabange ngokucophelela ukuhlinzwa okujwayelekile okuqhutshwa esikhundleni se-hip. Ngesikhathi i-hip resurfacing inikeza izinzuzo ezithile zemfundiso, siyazi ukuthi iziguli eziningi ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 zizokwenza kahle kakhulu nge-hip substlacement esikhundleni. Ukuhlinzwa okubukezwayo (ukuphindaphinda ukuphinda esikhundleni) kuyinto encane kakhulu okudingekayo ezigulini ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala, ngakho-ke, ukushintshwa okujwayelekile kwe-hip kuvame ukuthandwa
- Abesifazane : Abesifazane baye baboniswa ukuthi banesilinganiso esiphezulu sezinkinga ezivela ekuqhakambeni ukuhlinzwa. Isizathu esiqondile salokhu asikwaziwa, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi kufanele sibe yingxenye emandleni amathambo asekela ukufakelwa kwe-hip resurfacing. Abesifazane baye baboniswa ukuba baphinde kabili ingozi yokuqhekeka ezungeze ukufakelwa okulandelayo ukuhlinzwa ukuvuvukala kwe-hip.
- Ukukhuluphala: Iziguli ezithweswe ngokweqile ziye zathola izinga eliphakeme lokucindezeleka ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-hip. Enye yale nkinga kucatshangwa ukuthi ingenxa yamandla akhula ethempheni elisekela ukutshala, kanye nobunzima lobuchwepheshe ekuhlinzekeni kwesiguli esikhulu.
- I-Arthritis Yokuvuvukala Ne- Osteonecrosis: Iziguli ezine-arthritis evuvukalayo, njenge- arthritis ye-rheumatoid , noma i- osteonecrosis ebangela izinkinga zazo ze-hip, kufanele zibheke esikhundleni sendawo yokugqoka. Lezi ziguli ngokuvamile zinezinthambo ezingavamile ezingabangela izinkinga ezisekela ukutshalwa kwe-hip resurfacing. Udokotela wakho angalawula ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukucacisa ukuthi kukhona ithambo elanele lokusekela ukufakelwa kwe-hip resurfacing.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Hip resurfacing kwenziwa nge-incision efana ne-hip substlacement esikhundleni. Ingxube ye-arthritic ivuliwe, kanti isilonda esisele sisusiwe, kodwa iningi lamathambo lihlala endaweni. I-cap yensimbi yabekwa phezu kwebhola, futhi isikhwama sensimbi sibekwa esikhwameni.
Yiziphi Izinkinga Zengenzeka Ye-Hip Resurfacing Surgery?
Kukhona ukukhathazeka okumbalwa okuhlinzekwa ngokuhlinzwa kwe-hip, futhi ngeshwa, akekho owazi imiphumela yesikhathi eside yezimplathi ezisetshenziswa manje. Ngakho-ke, akekho ongasho ngokucacile ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kungcono noma kubi kakhulu kunomshini ojwayelekile we-hip esikhundleni. Izimplantshi zamanje ezisetshenziselwa ukuvuthwa kwe-hip zisetshenziswe kuphela iminyaka engaba yishumi, kanti idatha kuphela etholakalayo ibizwa okuthiwa yesikhashana (engaphansi konyaka owodwa) naphakathi nesikhathi (okuyiminyaka eyi-1 kuya kwezingu-10) ukulandela. Azikho idatha yesikhathi eside ezitholakalayo zokuhlinza ukuvuvukala kwe-hip.
Izinkinga ezikhona zingabandakanya:
- Ukuqhekeka: Ingozi yokwephulwa kwethambo elisekela ukuvuthwa kwe-hip resurfacing kuye kwaholela odokotela abathile ukuba bacele ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzekwa kufanele kwenziwe kunoma iziphi iziguli. Ngenkathi izifundo zihlukahlukene, ingozi yokuphulwa kwethambo kubonakala sengathi iphakathi kuka-1% no-20% weziguli. Ama-fractures avame kakhulu ezigulini ezinesimo samathambo ompofu, iziguli ezigqamile, nabesifazane. Futhi, ukuqhuma kuvame kakhulu odokotela abahlinzayo abaye benza lokhu ukuhlinzwa kancane kancane.
- Ukukhululeka: Ngokufana nokufakelwa kwe-hip ejwayelekile, ukufakelwa kwe-hip resurfacing implants kungahle kukhululeke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma ukufakelwa kukhululeka, ukushintshwa kwe-hip evamile ngokuvamile kudinga kwenziwe.
- I-Metal Ions: Zonke izimpande ezifakwe emzimbeni zihamba kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izimplantshi zensimbi esetshenziswa ekuqhakambeni ukuhlinzwa okuvezwayo ziye zaboniswa ukuthi zingaphansi kwezimpande zepulasitiki, kodwa izimpande zensimbi zikhulula i-ion zensimbi emzimbeni njengoba zigqoka. Lezi zinsimbi zensimbi zingatholakala kuwo wonke umzimba ezigulini eziye zafakwa esikhundleni se-hip zensimbi zensimbi noma ukuhlinzwa okuvulekayo.
Umphumela walezi zinsimbi zensimbi emzimbeni aziwa. Kukhona ukukhathazeka ngokubangela ukusabela kwe-hypersensitivity kanye nemiphumela ye-carcinogenic (okubangelwa umdlavuza). Ngenhlanhla, kunedatha encane yokubonisa lokhu kuyinkinga, kodwa ukukhathazeka ngokweqhaza.
Kuyini Ukubuyiswa Kwe-Hip Resurfacing Surgery?
Ukuhlinzwa okulandelayo okuvuselela ukuhlinzwa kuqhathaniswa nalokhu okulandelayo ukuhlinzwa ukuqhutshwa kwe-hip. Iziguli zinengozi ephansi yokuxoshwa kwezimpande, ngakho-ke izixwayiso ezibekwe esigulini zingase zingabi nakancane.
Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa, yonke imisebenzi yethonya nokuphakamisa okunzima kumelwe kugwenywe. Lesi yisikhathi lapho ithemba elithatha ukufakelwa lithembeke kakhulu ekuqhekekeni. Ngakho-ke, izincomo zamanje ukugwema ukugijima, ukuxuma, nokuphakamisa izinyanga ezingu-12 zokuqala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
Ingabe Ngidinga Ukuhlinzwa Okungeziwe Ngosuku Oluzayo?
Ayaziwa ukuthi izitshalo zokuvuthwa kwe-hip zizohlala isikhathi eside kangakanani. Ngezimpembelelo ezenziwe kangcono, kubonakala sengathi zisebenza kahle emakethe ayi-10. Kodwa-ke, lokho akukahle njengalokho okuyaziwa ngokufaka esikhundleni se-hip ejwayelekile.
Uma ukufakelwa kwe-hip resurfacing kudala izinkinga, noma uma kuphelelwa yisikhathi, ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe kunganconywa. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlinzwa kokuqala kwe-hip ukuvuvukala kususwe kancane kune-hip esikhundleni esijwayelekile, ukuhlinzwa okuphindaphindiwe (okuphindaphindiwe) ngokuvamile kuyinkimbinkimbi emva kwenqubo yokuvuthwa kwe-hip. Inkambiso evamile ukuguqula ukufakelwa kwe-hip yakudala evulekile ekushintsheni okujwayelekile kwe-hip.
Ngingayitholaphi Kakhulu mayelana nokuvuselelwa kwe-Hip Resurfacing Surgery?
Isitshalo esivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuvuthwa kwe-hip e-United States kuthiwa yi-Birmingham Hip Resurfacing implant noma iBHR Hip kusuka kuSmith & Nephew. Ezinye izinhlelo ziye zamukelwa yi-Stryker Corporation kanye nohlelo lwe-Conserve-Plus lwe-hip resurfacing yi-Wright Medical Technology. Ungathola ulwazi mayelana nalesi sitshalo, kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo abenza le nqubo ngokuya kwiwebhusayithi yabo.
Ezinye izinkampani nazo zakha futhi zihlola ukufakelwa kwe-hip resurfacing implants, ngakho-ke izinketho eziningi zizotholakala eminyakeni ezayo.
> Imithombo:
> Mont, MA, et al. "Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty" J. Am. I-Acad. I-Ortho. Ngo-Agasti 2006; 14: 454 - 463.
> Birmingham Hip Resurfacing System; Smith & Nephew