Ukuphikisana Okungenzeka Ngokwe-Hip Replacement Surgery
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Hip esikhundleni siphumelele kakhulu; ukukhululeka kobuhlungu kanye nokwenyuka kwekhono lokwenza imisebenzi yenkambiso kuphakathi kwezinzuzo ezibalulekile zale nqubo. Ngeshwa, ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni sokuqashisa kunezimo ezinokwenzeka. Lezi zinkinga azivamile, kodwa zenzeka - ngezinye izikhathi ezimweni ezingalindelekile. Phakathi kwezinkinga ezibonakalayo kakhulu zokuhlinzwa ukukhishwa esikhundleni se-hip esikhundleni sokususwa kwe-hip .
Ukususwa kwe-Hip esikhundleni se- 4% kokuhlinzwa kokuqala kwesikhathi, futhi cishe okungu-15% wezinguquko zokuvuselelwa kwe-hip .
Ukuthi ama-Hip Replacements asebenza kanjani
Ukushintshwa kwe-Hip ngokuvamile kuvame ukwenziwa kuziguli ezine- arthritis enamandla ye-joint hip . Ukufakwa esikhundleni se-hip kusetshenziswa ukufakelwa kwensimbi nesiplastiki (ngezinye izikhathi i-ceramic) ukufaka esikhundleni se- ball-and-socket joint . Ngokususa i-bone ne- cartilage ehlanganisiwe ye-hip joint, futhi esikhundleni salokhu ngensimbi nesiplastiki, iziguli eziningi zithola ukukhululeka okukhulu kobuhlungu nokunyakaza okuthuthukisiwe kokuhlanganiswa kwe-hip.
Ukuhanjiswa kwama-Hip Replacements
Izihlanganisi ezijwayelekile ze-hip zinezakhiwo eziningi ezizungezile ezisiza ekuqiniseni ukuhlanganyela kwe-hip. Lezi zakhiwo zihlanganisa imisipha, i-ligaments, nesakhiwo esivamile se-bony se- joint hip . Ngamanye, lezi zakhiwo zigcina ibhola ( ikhanda lezinsikazi ) ngaphakathi kwesikhwama (i-acetabulum). Uma ukuhlinzwa okuqhutshwa esikhundleni se-hip kwenziwa, i-hip iyaqina.
Ngokulahla ezinye zalezi zakhiwo ze-hip ezizinzile, ukufakwa esikhundleni sensimbi nesiplastiki kufakwe "ekuphumeni," noma ukuhlukanisa.
Abantu abane-hip esikhundleni bangase bafundiswe ngokuqapha kwe-hip . Izinyathelo zokuzivikela zezinyosi zihamba ngezindlela ezehlukene isiguli esitholwe esikhundleni sokugqoka kufanele sigweme.
Izixwayiso ze-Hip zifaka:
- Ungadluli imilenze yakho
- Musa ukugoba imilenze yethu ngaphezu kuka-90 degrees
- Ungahlali kwi-sofas noma ezihlalweni eziphansi
- Ungalali ohlangothini lwakho
Abaningi odokotela banciphisa lezi zindlela zokuqapha emva kokuvuselelwa, kepha ukushintshwa kwama-hip okuphelele kuncane kakhulu kunezinyathelo ezijwayelekile ngisho neminyaka emva kokuhlinzwa.
Lezi zinto zifaka ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hip endaweni lapho ibhola lingase liphume khona. Ngezinye izikhathi ukufakwa esikhundleni kwe-hip kungcono kakhulu ukuxoshwa. Izinto ezingasiza ekwenzeni ukukhishwa esikhundleni sokufaka indawo zihlanganisa:
- Ukwehliswa kwezimpande zokufaka esikhundleni se-hip
- Hlela esikhundleni se-hip esikhundleni
- Ukudla ngokweqile kotshwala
- Izinkinga ze-neuromuscular (isib. Isifo se-Parkinsons )
- I-hip dysplasia
Kwezinye izimo, iziguli azikho isizathu esibonakalayo sokuthi ziqhubeke nokuxoshwa kwe-hip yazo.
Abantu abasebenzisa ukususwa kwe-hip bayokwazi ngokushesha ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngokufakelwa kwabo. Ngokuvamile, noma yikuphi ukunyakaza noma umzamo osindayo obunzima futhi kunzima ukwenza. Ngenkathi ukukhululeka kobuhlungu cishe sekushesha ngemva kokuba izimpande ze-hip ziye zafakwa kabusha, abantu abaningi abaye baqhubeka nokucindezeleka kwe-hip bahlukunyezwa yizinkathazo nokukhathazeka ngale nkinga eyenzeka futhi.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Hip Dislocation
Ukwelashwa kwe-Hip replacement dislocation kuncike ezintweni eziningana. Isinyathelo sokuqala kuvamise ukubeka kabusha ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hip. Le nqubo, ebizwa ngokuthi ukunciphisa ukufakwa esikhundleni se-hip, yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia - noma i-sedation ekhanyayo egumbini lokuphuthumayo noma i- anesthesia jikelele ekamelweni lokusebenza. Ngenkathi yenqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo wezinyosi uzodonsela emlenzeni ukuze aphinde abuyele esikhwameni ngaphakathi kwesikhwama.
Ngokuvamile iningi le "hip" libuyela emuva esikhundleni. I-X-rays izotholakala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-hip ihlelwe kabusha futhi ibone ukuthi ikhona yini isizathu esibonakalayo sokuhlukaniswa.
Uma ukuphazamiseka okuningi kuvela, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuvimbele ukudluliselwa okuqhubekayo. Izimpande zingabekwa kabusha, noma izimpande ezikhethekile zingasetshenziswa ukuzama ukuvimbela ukuqhutshwa okuqhubekayo. Uzodinga ukuxoxisana nodokotela ohlinzayo wamazinyo imbangela yokuhlukaniswa kwakho, nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezitholakalayo kule nkinga.
Izindlela Ezintsha Zokuvimbela Ukususwa
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamuva ekwakhiweni kwezimpande zokufaka esikhundleni se-hip futhi inqubo yokuhlinza yokwenza indawo yokuqhaqhaza ingase iphinde inciphisa amathuba okuthuthukisa le nkinga. Ukutshala umklamo kungashintshwa ukudala ukufakelwa okuzinzile. Izinguquko kumklamo wokufakelwa kufanele zihanjiswe ngokucophelela, njengoba kungase kube nezinkinga ngezimpande ezintsha ezingase zingabi nerekhodi ende elide lokusetshenziswa kweziguli. Nakuba lezi zimila zinganciphisa ithuba lokususwa, nawe ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azibangeli ezinye izinkinga. Kube khona ukufakelwa kwephrofayli ephakeme yakamuva okukhumbulayo ukuthi izimpembelelo ezithintekile ezenzelwe ukuhlala isikhathi eside kunethuba elingaphansi lokwehlukaniswa. Ekugcineni, lezi zimila zaziboniswa ukuthi aziphumelelanga kangako. Izinguquko ezivame kakhulu zokuguqula izimila ezisiza ukuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kufaka phakathi:
- Usebenzisa izimpande ezinkulu. Lapho ibhola lomhlanganiso we-ball-and-socket ikhudlwana, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi uphume. Izimila ze-hip ezindala zisetshenziswa ibhola elingaphansi kuka-3 cm ububanzi. Ezinye izimila ezintsha zisebenzisa ibhola elingaphezu kuka-3 cm, okwenza kube lula ukuba baphume isikhundla. Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa ibhola elikhudlwana kungase kube ukuhweba okunye esikhathini eside.
- Ukusebenzisa izimpembelelo eziningi zeselula. Kukhona izimplanyelwe ezenzelwe ukuvumela ububanzi obubanzi bokuhamba kwebhola-ne-socket. Elinye lalezi zimila libizwa ngokuthi ikomidi elibili lokuhamba. Lezi zimila zivumela ukuhamba ezinhlangothini ezimbili ezihlukene, okwandisa ukuhamba okudingekayo ukuze ibhola liphume esikhwameni.
- Ukusebenzisa izimpande ezingaphezulu. Izimpande eziqinile azivame ukusetshenziswa, kepha ezimweni lapho ukuhlukaniswa khona kuyinkinga ejwayelekile kungase kube usizo. Lezi zimila zixhunyiwe ndawonye ukuze ibhola lixhumeke ngaphakathi kwesikhethi. Ukuphazamiseka kwalezi zimila ukuthi ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwemifantu kanye nengozi yokuhluleka okuphawulekayo kwanda.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela ezintsha ezintsha zokwenza esikhundleni se-hip. Ngokuqondile, ukushintshwa kwe-hip inqubo yangaphakathi kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa eyenziwa ukunciphisa ukuhlukumezeka kwezinye izakhiwo ezizinzile ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hip. Abahlinza abaningi abahlinzayo bacabanga ukuthi ingozi yokuxoshwa ingase ibe yehle ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzekwa uma kuqhathaniswa nokushintshwa kwe-hip posterior. Ngenxa yalesi simo esingezansi sokuxoshwa, ngokuvamile abahlinzayo bayasincoma ngokusebenzisa noma yiziphi izinyathelo zokuqapha ngemuva kokufakwa esikhundleni se-hip.
Izwi elivela
Ukuxoshwa kwe-Hip kuyinkinga enkulu yokuhlinzwa okuphelele yokuqashwa kwe-hip. Ukuvimbela le nkinga kungenziwa ngezinye izindlela zokuqapha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimpande ezikhethekile kanye namasu okuhlinza. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlukaniswa kungahle kwenzeke, futhi uma kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe kungadingeka ukuvimbela ukuhanjiswa okuphindaphindiwe. Ngenhlanhla, ithuba lokususwa ngemuva kwe-hip esikhundleni sincane, kodwa uma kwenzeka kungenzeka kudinge ukungenelela okwengeziwe.
Imithombo:
Jones SA. "Ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kokuxoshwa kokulandela i-hip arthroplasty yenani eliphelele: imizamo yokwenza manje namasu okuzayo" i-Hip Int. 2015 Jul-Aug; 25 (4): 388-92.