Uma Imithi Ihlukumeza Uhlelo Lokuzivikela Emzimbeni
I-immunosuppression yikhono elingenakukhubazeka lomzimba wokuvikela omzimba ukulwa nezifo noma ezinye izifo.
Umuntu kuthiwa u-immunosuppressed uma ene-immunodeficiency disorder ngenxa yemithi eyanciphisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela (njenge- corticosteroids ). I-immunosuppression nayo ingumphumela ovamile wesifo samakhemikhali anikezwe ukwelapha umdlavuza.
Ukuthi Ukuzivikela Kokusebenza Kanjani
Amasosha omzimba asiza ukuvikela umzimba wakho ezintweni eziyingozi ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-antigen.
Ama-antigens yizinto ezibangela ukuba isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sikhiqize ama-antibodies ngokumelene nalo. Izibonelo zama-antigen zifaka:
- Amabhaktheriya
- Ama-virus
- Ubuthi
- Amaseli omdlavuza
- Igazi langaphandle noma izicubu zomunye umuntu noma izinhlobo.
Njengoba isimiso somzimba wakho sokuvikela omzimba sithola lezi zinselo, ama-antibodies akhiqizwa ukuwabhubhisa ngenkathi amanye amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe agwinya futhi abhubhise amabhaktheriya nezinye izinto zangaphandle. Amaphrotheni abizwa ngokuthi ahlanganisa usizo ngale nqubo.
Uma amasosha omzimba wakho enzima ukukhiqiza ama-antibodies noma uma amangqamuzana akhethekile egazi abizwa ngokuthi i-T noma i-lymphocytes (noma kokubili) ayisebenzi ngendlela evamile, ungase utholakale unesifo sokuzivikela komzimba.
I-immunodeficiency disorder ngenxa yemithi (kubantu abanikezwa imithi eyanciphisa amasosha omzimba) kuthiwa yi-immunosuppression. Okunye okubhekwa ngokuthi ukungafihleki komzimba noma ukuzivikela komzimba, ezinye zezimbangela zokuzivikela okufakiwe zihlanganisa:
- Imithi inikezwa ngamabomu kumuntu ozoba nomnkantsha noma ukufakelwa komzimba ukuze avimbe ukwenqatshwa kwezicubu zomnikelo
- Umthelela ohlangothini wemithi ye-chemotherapy esebenzisa ukwelapha umdlavuza
- Imithi ye-corticosteroid efana ne-prednisone neyokugada
- Izifo ezizuzwa njenge-agammaglobulinemia
- Izifo ezitholakalayo ezifana ne- HIV / AIDS
- Ezinye izimo ezinjengokususwa kwebhede , ukukhula kweminyaka, isifo sikashukela , nokungondleki
Izinkinga zokungena kwe-Immunosuppression
Ezinye izinkinga ezibangelwa ukuzivikela kwe-immunosuppression ezikhungweni zokuzivikela zivame ukugula noma ukugula okuqhubekayo, ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka, kanye nobungozi obuningi bama-cancer noma izicubu.
Qinisekisa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma usu-chemotherapy noma i-corticosteroids (njenge-prednisone, i-Medrol, noma i-Decadron) futhi uthuthukisa izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Umkhuhlane uphakeme kunama-degree angu-100.5 Fahrenheit
- Ukudla nokuphefumula
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Ukuphindaphindiwe kwezifo zesilonda noma i-thrush yomlomo
- Intamo yentamo kanye nekhanda nge-fever (iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo)
Indlela Yokuphatha Ukukhathazeka Kwama-Immunodeficiency
Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nokuphatha noma yisiphi isifo nokutheleleka okuvela kwisistimu ye-immune yokunciphisa kuphela umgomo wokwelashwa kokuzivikela ekuziphatheni komzimba.
Abantu abanesimiso sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka kufanele bagweme ukuxhumana nabantu abanesifo noma izifo eziphefumulayo. Ukugwema abantu abagonywe ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi phakathi namasonto amabili adlule kunconywa kakhulu.
Uma ukutheleleka kuqhubeka, udokotela wakho angase akhombise ukwelashwa okufuthekayo ngokutheleleka ngokuncoma izikwelapha ezilandelayo:
- Ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside isikhathi eside imithi elwa namagciwane noma imithi ye-antifungal kanye nemithi yokuvimbela (prophylactic) ingase iphakanyiswe udokotela wakho.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kungadinga isidakamizwa sokuzivikela njenge-Interferon, njengoba kungumuthi othuthukisa ukusebenza komzimba.
- Iziguli ze-HIV noma ze-AIDS zingathatha inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa ukuthuthukisa ukuvikela ingculazi nokunciphisa inani le-HIV emasosheni omzimba.
- Ukugonywa ngokumelene namabhaktheriya afana neStreptococcus pneumonia kanye neHaemophilus influenzae kufanele kubekwe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okuhleliwe.
- Izimo ezithile ze-immunodeficiency zingadinga ukufakelwa komnkantsha wamathambo.
Ngenhlanhla, ukuguqulwa kwamagciwane okubangelwa imithi ngokuvamile kuhamba uma uyeka ukuthatha imithi enqunyiwe. Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho futhi ungayeki ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi yakho enqunyiwe ngaphandle uma uceliwe ukuba wenze kanjalo nodokotela wakho.
Imithombo:
"Immunosuppression." I-Mosby's Medical, Nursing, ne-Allied Health Dictionary Dictionary. 6th ed. ENew York: Mosby, 2002: 872.
Schwarz, uThomas. "Immunology." Dermatology. 2nd. Ed. Jean Bologna. ENew York: Mosby, 2008: 63-75.