Indima ehlukahlukene neyithakazelisayo ama-macrophages athatha ukukhula kwe-tumor - noma ukucindezelwa - yisihloko esiphenywe futhi esixoxwa kabanzi. I-macrophage uhlobo lwe-white cell cell, okuyingxenye yesistimu yakho yomzimba. Isivikelo somzimba somuntu sinesibopho sokuthola, ukubhubhisa nokususa zonke izinto zangaphandle emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, ama-macrophage ahluleka kakhulu futhi athathe izindima ezihlukahlukene ekukhuleni nasekusakazeni kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Iyini i-Macrophage?
Ama-Macrophages aqala njengama-monocytes futhi akhiqizwa emnothweni wakho. Njengoba la maseli egazi amhlophe avuthwa futhi akhishwa emzimbeni wakho wegazi ahamba aye kuwo futhi agcinwa ngaphakathi kwesitebe sakho, ama-lymph nodes, amathani, noma esibindi sakho. Uma umonakalo, ukutheleleka, noma ngisho nokulimala kubangela impendulo, ama-monocytes ashiya indawo yawo eyinhloko futhi ahambe ngegazi ukuze afake ezinye izicubu nezitho emzimbeni. Ngemuva kokushiya ukusakaza kwegazi, i-monocytes ithuthuka ibe yi- macrophages .
Ama-Macrophage AnemiSebenzi Eminingi
Emfanekisweni omkhulu wezinto, ama-macrophage angangena futhi aqede amabhaktheriya, ahlanze izimpande zamaselula nezinye izinhlayiya eziyingozi, kanye namaseli afile aqukethe ama-microbes, afana namagciwane noma amagciwane. Ngemuva kokuthi ama-macrophage agxile la maseli afile, azothatha ezinye izinto ezivela emlonyeni we-microbe ngaphakathi kweseli - isifinyezo se-intruder uma uthanda - futhi usibeke kwamanye amaseli esimisweni somzimba.
Ngale ndlela, ama-macrophage angakwazi "ukuzwakala i-alamu" ukuthi umhlaseli wangaphandle usemzimbeni futhi asize amanye amangqamuzana omzimba aqaphele ukuthi umbhuli.
Iqhaza kwiColorectal Cancer
Ngaphambi komdlavuza, ama-macrophage anemisebenzi ehlukene, okushiwo yilokhu okuhlolwayo. Uma behamba ngegazi ngaphakathi kwe-tumor , baba ama-macrophage ahlobene nezidakamizwa noma ama-TAM.
Nakuba inhloso ye-macrophage ukubhubhisa nokususa abahlaseli bangaphandle - njengamaseli omdlavuza abangela isisu - sithole ukuthi izici ezihlukahlukene zishintsha impendulo evamile ye-macrophage kuleli phuzu.
Ngokujwayelekile, uma isisu sakho sinombono ophezulu we-TAM ngaphakathi, ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso esibi kakhulu sokukhomba, okusho ukuthi umdlavuza kungenzeka ukuthi unomthelela , noma usakaze kwezinye izicubu emzimbeni wakho. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaphandle kwalesi sihloko, amanye ama-macrophages ayeka ukwenza lokho okuhloswe ukukwenza ngaphakathi kwesikhumba bese uqala ukusiza ukhula lukhule futhi lusakazeke. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi la ma-TAM, ngokungafani nabalingani babo abangaphandle kwesikhumba, akuncane kakhulu ukwazisa amasosha omzimba wakho wokuba nomdlavuza, okwephuza ukuqiniswa kwamasosha omzimba wakho.
Yilapho indima yama-macrophages ithola ukuthakazelisa ngempela. Ezifundweni zamuva zemizwa yokuzivikela komzimba kumdlavuza wezinhlamvu, kutholakala ukuthi amangqamuzana e-TAM athuthukisa ngisho nakakhulu izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ze-macrophages: izinhlobo ze-M1 ne-M2. Nakuba uhlobo lwe-M1 luqhubeka nokulwa namaseli omdlavuza we-colorectal, i-M2 itholakale ngempela ekusizeni ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwayo kwe-tumor, i-metastasis, nokuphindwa kabusha.
Ukusebenzisa Impendulo Yakho Yomzimba Ngayo: Izicelo Zesikhathi Esizayo
Nakuba lokhu kuzwakale njengezindaba ezimbi - zona kanye namaseli okuhloswe ukuvikela nokuphulukisa umzimba wakho futhi manje esiza umdlavuza ukukhula - ucwaningo lugxile ekumiseni ama-macrophages ekuguquleni endaweni ephambili ekuphenduleni komzimba.
Uma lolu cwaningo lufinyelela ekulimeni, izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha zokwelashwa zingase zakhiwe ukusiza ukumisa imetastasis, ukugcina umdlavuza wendawo, lapho kulula kakhulu ukuphatha khona.
Izifundo zokufunda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhona ze-TAM kumdlavuza wombala ziqhubekayo. Ucwaningo lwamanje lugxile ekusebenziseni ukuphendula kwamagciwane - ikakhulukazi uketshezi lwezenzakalo ezenzeka lapho umdlavuza uqala - nokuthi singamisa kanjani isimiso sethu sokuzivikela emzimbeni ukuze sikwazi ukufaka imetastasis yomdlavuza.
Imithombo:
UMorris, KT, et al. (2015) I-anti-G-CSF Ukwelashwa Ikhuthaza Ukuvimbela I-Tumor Ukungakhulelwa Emndenini I-Colon Cancer ngokugqugquzela i-Protector NK Cell, Macrophage, ne-T Cell Responses. I-Oncotarget. Kufinyelelwe ku-inthanethi nge-PubMed.gov.
Mosser, DM, Edwards, JP (Disemba 2008). Ukuhlola i-Spectrum ephelele yokuqalisa ukusebenza kwe-Macrophage. Journal of Reviews and Immunology . 8 (12); 958-969. Kufinyelelwe ku-inthanethi nge-PubMed.gov.
I-Zhang, Y., et al. (Okthoba 2013). I-Crosstalk Phakathi kwamaCelon Cancer kanye nama-Macrophages Ngama-Medium Inflammatory kanye ne-CD47 Ikhuthaza Ukufuduka Kwamaselula Okumnyama. I-European Journal of Cancer . Ifinyeleleke ku-intanethi ngoJulayi 12, 2015.
Ihlelwe nguJuliet Wilkinson, RN, BSN