Yini Ongayilindela KuKwelashwa Kwegciwane Le-Colon
Unayo igazi esitokisini sakho? Hlola . Ukugcwele, ukubhuqa, negesi elidlulayo? Hlola, hlola, hlola . Ungase ube nazo zonke izibonakaliso zampawu zomdlavuza wekoloni - kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza wekoloni. Ukwenza ukuphuma kwezimpawu noma umlando womndeni ukuxilongwa kudinga ukuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona amangqamuzana anomdlavuza, kulandelwa ukuhlolwa okuningi ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza wendawo ungena endaweni yamakholoni noma uma usakazekile (wenziwe umonakalo) kwezinye izindawo emzimbeni wakho .
Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza wekoloni kungase kuvele kumangala ngokulandela ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okuvamile, njengokolonoscopy, ngaphandle kokuba khona kwamanye izimpawu.
Yini Ongayilindela Ekuvakasheni Kwakho Okuqala
Ukulandela ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okuhle noma ukutholakala kokuphathelene nezimpawu, udokotela wakho uzohlelela ukubhekwa komdlavuza womdlavuza we-colon. Uzothola umlando ophelele wezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa okungase kuhlanganise nokuhlolwa kwe-digital rectal . Lokhu kuhlolwa okulula, okungenabuhlungu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi ahlole i-rectum yakho nganoma yikuphi ukukhula noma izixuku. Udokotela angase futhi aqoqe isampula se-stolen for blood fecal test noma test immunochemical , ekhomba ukulandelana kwegazi esitokisini. Udokotela wakho angalawula ukuhlolwa okusha, njengokuthi:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi , kuhlanganise nokubala okuphelele kwegazi , izikhathi zokuqhafaza (ikakhulukazi uma uthatha i-blood thinners) nephaneli le-electrolyte, siza udokotela wakho abe nesithombe sempilo yakho jikelele. Uma unomlando womdlavuza, udokotela angase futhi ahlele ukuhlolwa kwe- carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), engasiza ekuboneni ukuthi izifo zibuyele yini.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging yokuxilonga kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-x-ray ukuze ubone ama-colon nama-surrounding tissue akho. Lezi zivivinyo ngokuvamile azibuhlungu futhi zingabandakanya ama-x-ray, ukuhlolwa kwe- tomography (CT), i-imagery magnetic resonance (MRI), noma ama-rectal ultrasounds. Udokotela angahle acele i-agent ehlukile, efana ne-barium, enikezwe ngomlomo, ngokuqondile noma emgqeni wangaphakathi ngaphambi kokuba isithombe sithathwe. Ama-contrast agents enza i-colon yakho ibonakale kakhulu - njengokuthanda ukukhanyisa izibani uma ufaka igumbi elimnyama.
- I-colonoscopy kanye ne-sigmoidoscopy yizinqubo ezisebenzisa iphenyo elincane elikhanyisiwe ngekhamera, lifakwe nge-rectum yakho, ukubona ngaphakathi kwekolon yakho kanye ne-rectum. Uma udokotela athola izicubu ezinama-polyps noma ezingekho emzimbeni emgqonyeni wakho, angathatha i- biopsy ngesikhathi senqubo.
- I-biopsy ibhekisela kunoma yisiphi isikhathi udokotela athatha isampula encane yezingcubu emzimbeni wakho. Ama-biopsies e-colon angagcwaliswa ngesikhathi se-colonoscopies, sigmoidoscopies noma ngesikhathi se-CT eqondiswa izinyosi i-biopsy. Udokotela wezilwane, noma udokotela okhethekile ongakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamangqamuzana anomdlavuza non-cancer, uhlola ngokucophelela amasampuli amathishu. Imiphumela ye- Biopsy ingathatha kusuka emahoreni angu-72 kuya kwesonto ukucubungula. Buza udokotela wakho uma ulindele imiphumela.
I-Colon Cancer, Manje Kanjani?
Uzocelwa ukuba ubuyele ehhovisi likadokotela ukuze uxoxe ngemiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa nokuxilongwa. Cabanga ngokuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngane othembekile kulolu hambo - anganikeza ukusekelwa kanye nezinye iziqoqo zezindlebe.
Uma kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza we-colon wenziwa yini, isinyathelo esilandelayo sisho ukuthi ngabe umdlavuza usakazeke yini kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Le nqubo, eyaziwa nangokuthi umdlavuza wesiteji , izodinga izivivinyo ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke phambili ukwelapha umdlavuza .
Izingosi ezivame kakhulu ze-metastasis yomdlavuza we-colon zihlanganisa amaphaphu, isibindi kanye ne-peritoneum, noma i-lining abdominal. Udokotela wakho angalawula:
- I-x-ray ye-Chest ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho ahlanzekile futhi akhululekile emetastasis
- I-ultrasound yesisu ukuze ubone ukuthi umdlavuza usakaze yini kumasayithi esiswini sakho, njengesibindi, isisu noma i-peritoneum
- I-Positron emission tomography (PET) iskena ukuze ubuke ukukhula komdlavuza ngaphakathi komzimba wakho wonke
Amathuluzi wokuThuthukisa umdlavuza weColon
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokusakaza ukusakazeka nokuqina kwesifo somdlavuza: isiteji semitholampilo kanye nesifo somzimba. Isiteji semitholampilo yindlela inqubo udokotela wakho efanisa ngayo imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngesethulo sakho sangokwenyama.
Isiteji se-Pathologic, esinembile kakhulu, sisebenzisa izinhlelo ezintathu zokumela izinga lokuqhubeka kwezifo. Lezi zinhlelo zihlanganisa:
- Ikhomishana Ehlangene YaseMelika YokuHlelwa Kwe-Cancer Staging System (TNM)
- I-Astler-Coller
- Amakhosa
Kulawo mathathu, uhlelo lwe-TNM yisistimu esetshenzisiwe kakhulu kunazo zonke zokugaya amagciwane ekoloni . Lezi zincwadi ezintathu zisetshenziselwa ukusungula ubukhulu besisu (T), zisakaze kuma- lymph nodes (N), kanye nobukhulu bemetastasis (M). Incwadi ngayinye ilandelwa yi-descriptor, ngokuvamile inombolo, okuzochaza ubunzima bomdlavuza wakho wekoloni. Izinombolo ezingezansi, njenge-0, zifisa ukuhleleka njengoba zibonisa ukuthi umdlavuza uncane futhi ukhona (in situ).
Elinye igama ozolibona libizwa ngokuthi ukufaka isisu. Lapho udokotela wegazi ekhomba amangqamuzana anomdlavuza , angakwazi futhi ukucacisa indlela ukuguqula lawo maseli avela ngayo, noma indlela engavamile ngayo izicubu zomdlavuza kubonakala kuqhathaniswa nezicubu ezivamile. Ngokufanayo nokugxila, amakhemikhali anebanga elingaphansi (ukubonakala okuvamile) avame ukutholakala kusenesikhathi futhi kulula ukuphatha, kuyilapho ama-cancers kakhulu aguquguqukayo noma aphezulu anethuba eliphakeme lokusabalalisa ngokushesha.
Uhlelo lokuPhatha
Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukwakha uhlelo lokwelapha lomdlavuza wekolon, okungabandakanya ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, imisebe noma inhlanganisela yokwelashwa. Uhlelo lwakho luzohambisana nezidingo zakho ezithile, kodwa ngokuyinhloko lusekelwe ebangeni nasesiteji somdlavuza kanye nempilo yakho yonke yempilo.
Imithombo:
I-American Cancer Society. (2008). I-Cancer Colorectal. Okudingeka Ukwazi - MANJE. I-Atlanta: I-American Cancer Society Promotions Health.
I-National Cancer Institute. (2011). I-Canast Metastatic.