I-Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lwe- non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (i-NHL) evela kuma-T-cells. T-amangqamuzana awuhlobo lwamasosha omzimba avikela umzimba emithonjeni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-ultrasonic cell cell lymphoma, uhlobo oluyisisekelo lwe-systemic, kanye nohlobo oluyisisekelo lwe-cutaneous.
- Uhlobo lwe-systemic luthinta ama-lymph nodes nezinye izitho.
- Uhlobo oluthile luyithinta kakhulu isikhumba
Uhlobo oluyisisekelo lweSistimu
Uhlobo oluthile lwe-ALCL luthinta kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Kubantu abadala, i-lymphoma engavamile kakhulu, kepha ezinganeni, i-ALCL ilandisa ngamacala angu-1 kwangu-10 kuwo wonke ama-lymphomas. Abantu abaningi abanalo lymphoma bakhononda okokuqala ngama- lymph nodes , nakuba kungavamile ukuthinta amathumbu noma amathambo ngaphandle kokubandakanya i-lymph nodes.
Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa nge- biopsy ezivela emagqumeni lymph noma izithintekile. I-biopsy ibonisa iphethini ekhethekile ye-lymphoma ngaphansi kwe-microscope. I-pathologist izovame ukuhlola izicubu ze-biopsy ezinezimpawu ezikhethekile ze- lymphoma ezingakwazi ukubona i-molecule ehlukile ebizwa nge-CD30 emkhatsini wamaseli omdlavuza e-ALCL. Ukuba khona kwaleli khamera ye-CD30 kuyisihlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo ze-NHL .
Olunye uhlolo lwe-marker lweprotheyini ekhethekile, okuthiwa i-protein ye-ALK, lwenziwa futhi. Akubona bonke abantu abane-ALCL abahle ku-ALK.
Labo abane-protein ye-ALK bahamba kangcono ngemuva kokwelashwa kunabo abangenalo. Izingane cishe zinamaprotheni amaningi kunabantu abadala.
Uma ukuxilongwa kwe-ALCL kuqinisekiswa, uchungechunge lwezivivinyo zenziwa ukuze uthole isigaba se-lymphoma .
I-Systemic ALCL iphathwa nge-chemotherapy. Imiphumela yokwelapha ivame kakhulu, ikakhulu kulabo abano-ALK-positive.
I-Rituximab , i-antibody yamonoclonal, esetshenziselwa izinhlobo eziningi ezijwayelekile ze-NHL ayisetshenzisiwe ku-ALCL ngoba ayisebenzi ku-T-cell lymphomas. Esikhundleni salokho, i-Brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) ihlose i-molecule ye-CD30 futhi ivunyiwe yi-FDA ngo-2011 yokwelashwa kwe-ALCL kulabo abanesifo esisele ngemuva kokwelashwa noma isifo esibuyele emuva ngemuva kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo.
Uhlobo oluyisisekelo esiqunyiwe
Uhlobo lwe-ALCL luyithinta kakhulu isikhumba. Luhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu lwe-non-Hodgkin lymphoma echaphazela isikhumba - emva kwe-T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) encane . I-ALCL yesikhumba isesimweni esingavamile, ikakhulukazi esithinta abadala asebekhulile.
Abantu abathintekayo baqaphela kuqala ukuvuvukala noma izilonda esikhumbeni. Ukuvakashela kudokotela kuvame ukuholela ku-biopsy yesikhumba, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxilongwa. Ucwaningo lwe-Marker ye-molecule eyi-CD30 ekhethekile kulindeleke ukuthi lubhale lesi sifo njengo-ALCL.
Abangu-1 kwabangu-4 abantu abane-ALCL yesikhumba baye basithinta ama-lymph nodes eduze namagundane noma izilonda. Ukuhlolwa kungenziwa ukuze kukhishwe i-lymphoma esifubeni nasesisu. Isivivinyo somswakama wethambo singenziwa njengengxenye yokuphenywa okujwayelekile.
I-ALCL yesikhumba inezibikezelo ezinhle kakhulu. Kuyinto isifo esanda kancane esingaba yingozi ekuphileni.
Kwezinye iziguli, kungase kuphele ngisho nokulashwa. Kulabo abanezilonda zesikhumba okukhawulelwe endaweni encane, ukwelapha imishanguzo kuyindlela yokwelashwa. Labo abanokubandakanya isikhumba esikhulu bangaphathwa ngezinga eliphansi lomuthi okuthiwa i-methotrexate, ngendlela yamaphilisi omlomo noma amajova.
Imithombo:
Ukugunyazwa kwe-FDA ye-Brentuximab Vedotin, iNational Cancer Institute, ngoJulayi 1, 2013.
Ukwelashwa kwezingane okungezona i-Hodgkin Lymphoma-yezokwelapha (PDQ®), iNational Cancer Institute, ivuselelwe ngo-1/26/2016.
I-Adult Non-Hodgkin Treatment Lymphoma-yezokwelapha (PDQ®). I-National Cancer Institute. ibuyekeziwe ngo-1/15/2016.