Kuze kube manje ngiyazi, akekho into enjengezicubu ezinhle zobuchopho. Lokho kusho ukuthi, isikhathi esiningi i-meningioma inhle kakhulu njengento enesifo sobuchopho njengoba ungathola. Eqinisweni, ngezinye izindlela, ayibala ngisho ne-tumor yobuchopho.
Kuyini i-Meningioma?
Nakuba ama-meningiomas ayevame ukubhekwa njengesifo sobuchopho esiyinhloko , ngasebenzisa izingcaphuno ezingenhla ngoba ngokoqobo i-meningioma ayiyona isisu sezincubu zobuchopho nhlobo.
Esikhundleni salokho, i-meningioma ikhula ukusuka emathangeni, izicubu ezivikelayo ezungeze ubuchopho. Ngokuqondile, i-meningiomas ivame ukuvela ku- arachnoid mater .
Ama-mening alandela ama-curve amakhulu. Isibonelo, i-meninges idlula phakathi kobuchopho lapho i-hemisphere engakwesokunxele nengakwesokudla ihlukaniswa khona, iphinde igqoke phansi kwesisekelo se-skull kanye nezinzwa ze-optic. Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwe-meningioma ngokuyinhloko kuxhomeke endaweni yesikhumba.
Ngabe i-Meningiomas ivame ukutholakala kanjani?
Nakuba ukuhlolwa kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-2000 ku-autopsy kuye kwaphakamisa ukuthi mayelana namaphesenti angu-1 abantu angase abe ne-meningioma, akuzona ngokuvamile ezixilongwa eziphilayo. Izifo zingase zikhule kancane, ngezinye izikhathi neze.
Ngokusho kwe-Registry Brain Tumor Registry e-United States (i-CBTRUS), ukukhula okulinganiselwe kwe-meningioma e-United States kungabantu abangaba ngu-170 000. Ngokusekelwe kulezi zibalo, i-meningiomas ingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu kuzo zonke izicubu ze-brain, accounting for one-third of the cases.
Uma i-meningiomas ingabangela izinkinga, zivame ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa kalula. Lokho kusho ukuthi i-meningiomas ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yingozi noma ingasongela ukuphila. Umehluko luhlobo lwendawo kanye nendawo ye-meningioma, kanye nezici ezihlukile zabantu ngabanye.
Izingozi
Ezinye izingozi ze-meningioma azikwazi ukusizwa.
Isibonelo, i-meningiomas ingenani kabili njengokujwayelekile kubantu besifazane uma kuqhathaniswa namadoda. Isigameko sama-meningiomas sanda ngokukhula. Zingavamile ezinganeni kodwa cishe uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo sobuchopho esifakwe kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-85.
Kukhona nezici zokufaka izingozi ze-genetic for meningioma. Okuziwa kakhulu yi-neurofibromatosis uhlobo II, okwandisa amathuba omuntu ukuthola ama-neoplasms amaningi. Le syndrome ingenxa yokuguquka kwesakhi se- NF2 , esivame ukusiza ukucindezela izicubu. Ezinye izakhi zofuzo ezifakiwe kumadoda angama-DAL1, AKT1, ne-TRAF7.
I-radiation yinkinga engaguquguquki engaba yinto engafanelekayo ye-meningioma. Lokhu kufundiswa kangcono ezimweni lapho ubuchopho buye bususelwa khona ekwelashweni komdlavuza ohlukile. Njengoba kungase kube yisikhathi eside phakathi kwesikhathi semisebe kanye nokutholakala kwe-meningioma, ingozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantwana. Isibonelo, ekuhlolisweni kwabantu abangu-49 abanesifo sofuba esingumntwana esiphathwe ngemisebe, abangu-11 babenamadoda okungenani ngemva kwesikhathi esiyiminyaka engama-25. Imishanguzo ngamasu wezokwelapha njengama-X-rays yamazinyo aphansi kakhulu, nakuba izifundo zibonise uxhumano phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-X-ray njalo nokukhula kwe-meningioma.
Ezinye izici ezingabangela ingozi ye-meningioma ziye zafundwa ngemiphumela ephikisanayo, kuhlanganise nokukhuluphala, i-hormone substitution, kanye nokuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda.
Yini eyenza i-Meningioma ibucayi?
Ngenkathi ama-meningiomas amaningi enenhlonipho yokuthi mhlawumbe angagweme ukutholakala, angase abe mkhulu kakhulu. I-World Health Organization ihlukanise ama-meningiomas ngamamaki amathathu ngokuya kokubukeka kwawo ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Uma ihamba phambili ebangeni, i-meningioma iyingozi nakakhulu.
- I-WHO IBanga 1: I-Grade I meningiomas ibhekene necala. Nakuba kungenzeka besadingeka ukuhlinzwa ukugwema ukucindezelwa kwezakhiwo ezibalulekile zobuchopho, ngokuvamile akudingekile ukuthi kunesidingo sokufunda ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akutholi kakhulu.
- WHO Grade 2: Lawa maningiomas anezibonakaliso eziningi zokwahlukana kweseli esebenzayo. Ukuqapha okudingekayo kuthathwe ngalezi zicubu. Ama-subtypes afaka i-chordoid, iseli ecacile, nama-meningiomas ase-atypical.
- WHO Grade 3: Lezi zicubu zinemibala eminingana yokuhlukaniswa kweseli esebenzayo. Lesi sifo singase singene ngaphakathi kwengqondo noma sibonise izindawo zokufa kwefoni. Ama-subtypes afaka i-papillary, i-rhabdoid ne-aplastic meningiomas. Amaphesenti amabili kuya kwangu-3 kuphela kuwo wonke ama-meningiomas yiBanga lesi-3.
Iziguli ezinezibalo eziphakeme zama-meningiomas zingase zibe nokuphindaphindiwe kwe-meningioma ngemuva kokwelashwa futhi kungenzeka ukuthi zibe nengozi ephezulu yokufa jikelele. Ukusinda okungenasiphelo kweminyaka emihlanu e-grade II meningioma kuye kwachazwa ngamaphesenti angu-87 kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-29 ebangeni lesi-III.
Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwe-meningioma, indawo nobukhulu kungabaluleka kakhulu ekunqumeni isidingo nokuphuthumayo kokwelashwa. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, noma kunjalo, indlela umuntu one-meningioma enza ngayo ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke.
Imithombo:
Banerjee J, Pääkkö E, Harila M, et al. Amadodaingiomas akhanywa ngama-radiation: isithunzi empumelelweni ye-leukemia yengane. I-Neuro Oncol 2009; 11: 543.
UClaus EB, uBondy ML, uSchildkraut JM, et al. I-Epidemiology ye-meningioma engenawo ama-intracranial. I-Neurosurgery 2005; 57: 1088.
Wrensch, M, Minn, Y, Chew, T, et al. I-epidemiology yezimbala eziyinhloko zobuchopho: imiqondo yamanje kanye nokubuyekezwa kwezincwadi. I-Neuro-Oncology 2002; 4: 278.
Yang SY, Park CK, Park SH, et al. Amadoda ase-Atypical and aplastic: izimpendulo zokubikezela izici ze-clinicopathological. UJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79: 574.