Abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-16 bahlushwa yi-eye eye syndrome e-United States. Abahlengikazi balindele ukuthi isifo se-eye esomile siyokhula ngokweqile ngoba abantu bethu sebeguga. Futhi, sonke sisebenzisa ikhompuyutha futhi nakakhulu ngathi sibonakala sithandwa njalo ngamafoni ahlakaniphile, amadivaysi edijithali namakhompyutha wethebhulethi.
Yonke yale misebenzi ihlotshaniswa ngamehlo owomile.
Ukuqonda i-Dry Eye Syndrome
I-eye syndrome eyomile yinkinga lapho amehlo akho angaboni izinyembezi ezanele zokugcoba nokugcoba ingxenye yangaphambili yeso. Izinyembezi zakhiwa ngamakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zama-molecule ahlanganisa i-lysozymes (ama-antibiotic wemvelo), amavithamini namaminerali, kanye nama-mucus, amafutha, namanzi.
Ukukhiqiza ukucheka kancane kancane kunciphisa njengoba sikhula. Lapho sineminyaka engu-65, sinomthamo wezinyembezi ezingaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-65 kunokuba senza ku-18. Ngokuvamile, kuvela izimo ezintsha zezokwelapha njengoba sikhula. Izimo eziningi ezizenzakalelayo zinezinyama ezomile njengengxenye yesifo sabo. Kokubili lezo zimo zezokwelapha nemithi ethathwe ukuze ziphathwe zingabangela isifo se-eye esomile. Izindawo ezithile, ezifana nezomoya ezinomoya noma ezomile, zinganciphisa inani lezinyembezi noma zenze izinyembezi ziguquke ngesivinini esisheshayo.
I-Quality vs. Quantity
Nakuba ubuningi bezinyembezi kubalulekile, ungaba nomama owomile uma izinga lezinyembezi zakho lingekho kahle.
Ukuba nefilimu yezinyembezi ezinempilo kuyadingeka ukuze ugcine umbono ocacile. Ukuba nezinyembezi ngamafutha amaningi noma umqubu kunzima kakhulu njengokungathi umthamo wezinyembezi zakho wehlile.
Izingxenye ezithile zezinyembezi zakho zisiza ukugcina ifilimu yakho yezinyembezi igxilile. Uhlu lwamafutha lwezinyembezi linciphisa ukugeleza kwamanzi angqimba.
Ezinye izimo ezenza ukungalingani emkhatsini wamafutha wezinyembezi yi- blepharitis ne- meibomian gland ukungasebenzi . Umcengezi we-mucus usiza ukugcina izinyembezi zingena phezulu kweso. Lolu hlobo lweso elomile ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa ngokuthi iso elomayo elomile.
Njalo uma ukhazimula, ijwabu leso lakho lenza ukuhamba okuqondile nokuhamba kancane kuya ngasempeni lakho. Le ntshukumo ehamba phambili iqhubezela izinyembezi zakho ekhoneni leso lakho lapho ama-drainage ducts, okuthiwa i- puncta , angakwazi ukukhipha izinyembezi emakhaleni nasemhlane. Ngezinye izinyembezi ze-blink zisakazwa ngaphesheya kweso futhi zigeza ubuso be-cornea, isakhiwo esicacile se-dome-like on the front of the eye.
Izimpawu zomsindo omile we-eye zivutha, zihlaba, zibuhlungu obukhulu futhi amehlo anokhathele. Abantu abaningi abahlushwa amehlo abomile bakhononda ngomzwelo onjengoba banesihlabathi esweni labo. Umbono ubuye uguquke.
Ukwelashwa Kwamehlo Okumile
Ukwelashwa kweso elomile kuhlanganiswa ngokuya ngobukhulu besimo. Ukuphathwa kakhudlwana kuqala ngezinye izinyembezi zokufakelwa. Izinyembezi zokufakelwa zenzelwe ukufaka izinyembezi zemvelo nokusiza ekuphulukiseni ubuso beso. Bahlelwe noma yikuphi kusukela izikhathi ezimbalwa ngosuku ngosuku lonke.
Namuhla, izinyembezi zokufakelwa zitholakala ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene. Ezinye ziyi-conservative mahhala, ezinye zihlose ukwandisa ingxenye yamanzi wezinyembezi, kanti ezinye zihlose ukuzinzisa ama-mucus namafutha wefilimu yezinyembezi. Ukuvakashela kudokotela wakho kuzosinquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwezinyembezi zokufakelwa okungcono kuwe.
Njengoba izimpawu zanda, ama-gel namafutha ashiwo. Ama-gel kanye namafutha okugcoba avame ukuba angasetshenziswa ngaphansi ngenxa yemiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, ziletha ukukhululeka okudinga kakhulu kwabanye abagulayo abasokile.
Ukwelashwa kwe-eye eye syndrome kuhlanganisa nezinqubo ezifana nokushiyeka kwesikhashana. Ukukhishwa kwesikhashana kuyinkqubo lapho izimpande zesikhashana noma ezingapheli zifakwa khona ku-puncta, umsele wamanzi wokukhala izinyembezi ukuze kugcinwe izinyembezi ezivamile.
Amaconsi e-steroid iso aphinde anqunywe ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu zeso elomile.
Ngo-Okthoba 2003, i-Restasis yavunyelwa ukwelashwa kwe-eye eye syndrome. Lesi kwakuyisikhathi esithakazelisayo ngoba kwakuyisidakamizwa sokuqala esivunyelwe ukwelashwa kwamehlo omile. I-Restasis ayiyona inyembezi yokwenza, kodwa kunalokho imithi ekhuthaza ngempela ukukhiqiza izinyembezi.
I-Cyclosporin A iyimithi yamakhemikhali e-Restasis futhi ibhekwa njengesidakamizwa sokuzivikela. I-immunomodulatory isho ukuthi ithinta isistimu yomzimba yasendaweni ezungeze iso elikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwefilimu yezinyembezi.
I-Restasis ihlehliswa iso futhi ithathwa kabili ngosuku, nsuku zonke. I-Restasis isebenza kahle, kodwa ngokuvamile isiguli asizizwa noma siyayiqaphela izinzuzo ezigcwele zokuthatha i-Restasis izinyanga ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-4. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngezinye izikhathi kunzima odokotela ukuba bajabulele iziguli ukuze baqhubeke bewuthatha. Esikhathini esiningi, i-eye eye syndrome eyomile yisimo esingapheli futhi izinguquko zangempela ze-physiologic zenzeka. Kuzothatha isikhathi nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezokwelapha ukukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwangempela ngoba lezo zinguquko ze-physiologic zithatha kancane kancane ukuguqula.
I-Xiidra: I-Treatment entsha
Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, i-Restasis yayiwukuphela kwezidakamizwa ezizinikezele kuphela zokwelashwa kwamehlo omile. Kodwa-ke, ngoJulayi 2016 isidakamizwa sangena emakethe yamehlo owomile: i-Xiidra. U-Xiidra ungowokuqala wohlobo lwawo emkhakheni omusha wezokwelapha okuthiwa i-lymphocyte function-ehambisana ne-antigen-1 (LFA-1). Ngokusho kocwaningo lwe-FDA, indlela yokwenziwa kwe-Xiidra yilezi ezilandelayo.
I-Xiidra iyi-anti-1 (LFA-1) / i-intracellular adhesion-1 (i-ICAM-1) inhibitor yomzimba ehambisana ne-leukocyte yomzimba. I-LFA-1 iyiprotheni yomzimba weseli etholakala kuma-leukocyte futhi ivimba ukuxhumana kwe-LFA-1 ne-cognate ligand intercellular adhesion-1 (ICAM-1). I-ICAM-1 ingase ivezwe ngaphezulu kwezicubu ezinama-corneal and conjunctival esifo somzimba esomile. Ukusebenzisana kwe-LFA-1 / ICAM-1 kungasiza ekwakheni i-synapse ye-immunological eholele ekusebenziseni i-T-cell kanye nokufuduka ukuze kuhlolwe izicubu.
Ngakho, kusho ukuthini lokho konke? Ngamanye amazwi, i-Xiidra ithatha iso elomile ngokuphazamisa nokuvimbela ukuvutha okuvuthayo okubangelwa izimpawu kanye nezinguquko zamehlo ezihambisana nesifo somzimba esomile. Ukuvuvukala yilokho okwenza ukuba iso elomile libe lusizi kakhulu. Ukushisa, ukugcoba nokubomvu kuyizimpawu zokuvuvukala futhi yilokho okwenza sizizwe sibi. Kwezinye izifundo, izimpawu nezibonakaliso zithuthuka kancane kancane kwamasonto amabili.
I-Xiidra iyisisombululo esingavikeleki-mahhala emigodini ngayinye, yafaka ukudonsa okunye kokubili kabili ngosuku. Indlela ye-Xiidra yesenzo ifana ne-Restasis ngoba ithinta impendulo yomzimba. Nokho, i-Xiidra isigaba esihluke ngokuphelele semithi. I-Restasis imithi yokuvimbela ukuzivikela eyenza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ezindlebeni zezinyembezi, okusiza ukuvimbela umonakalo owengeziwe. Kucatshangwa ukuthi emva kokuthatha i-Restasis isikhathi eside, ezinyangeni ezingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, ingakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza izinyembezi nokuthuthukisa impilo yezingqamuzana ze-goblet, ezibalulekile ekuzinzekeni kwefilimu yezinyembezi. U-Xiidra no-Restasis bobabili bahlose ukuqhuma okuvuthayo. Kodwa-ke, azibandakanyi nama-molecule ofanayo ngakho abukho ubufakazi obubonisa ukuthi ngeke busetshenziswe ngokuhlanganiswa.
Ingabe i-Xiidra FDA ivunyelwe?
I-Xiidra iye yahlolwa ngokugcwele futhi yamukelwa yi-FDA futhi ingaletha ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kokubili izimpawu nezibonakaliso zesifo se-eye esomile. Kwezinye izimo zeso elomile, i-punctate keratitis engase ibe khona kalula ingakhula endaweni ephezulu. I-Keratitis ukuvuvukala kwe-surface corneal engabonwa odokotela ngokufaka uhlobo lwedayi emehlweni.
Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-corneal staining. I-staining imelela amangqamuzana afile noma ahlanganisiwe aphuma ngaphandle kwe-cornea. U-Xiidra wathola isitembu se-FDA sokuvunyelwa ukuthi angagcini nje ukuthuthukisa izimpawu kodwa empeleni ukuthuthukisa izimpawu zeso elomile, njenge-stain corneal. Eqinisweni, ezifundweni ze-FDA, i-Xiidra yabonisa ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu phakathi kwamasonto amabili nje.
Ubani Okungafanele Asebenzise i-Xiidra?
I-Xiidra ayivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa namalensi okuxhumana ngakho kufanele ususe amalensi oxhumana naye ngaphambi kokufaka futhi ulinde amaminithi angu-15 ngaphambi kokuwavuselela kabusha. Imiphumela emibi ye-Xiidra ifaka phakathi ukushisa, ukunambitheka kwe-metallic nokubona okucacile-uma uhlangabezana nalokhu, qiniseka ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Izinto Okungeziwe Zokucabangela Ngaphambi Kokusebenzisa i-Xiidra
I-Xiidra idlala endaweni ephakathi kuka-$ 400 kuya ku-$ 450 ngosuku lwama-30 ngosuku, okungaba yizindleko ze-Restasis. Izindleko zibonakala zifana, kepha i-Xiidra inemvume ye-FDA yokwelashwa kweso elomile ne-Restasis inemvume yokwenyuka kokukhiqiza izinyembezi, ngakho-ke izici zokuncintisana zingase zidlale. Udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukuthi yikuphi okukhethwa kukho okungcono kunakho, kodwa qala ingxoxo bese ubuza ukuthi kungani omunye engcono kunomunye.
> Umthombo:
> Isixazululo se-Xiidra (i-lifitegrast ophthalmic) Isifo se-5% soMdokotela ochaza ulwazi lwe-Shira US Inc, Lexington, MA 02421, Wonke amalungelo agodliwe. S24268 11/16