Ingozi yomdlavuza ingaphezu kuka-150 emadodeni angama-gay ane-HIV
Sibutsetelo
Umdlavuza we-analysis unesithakazelo esibucayi nokukhula phakathi kwabantu abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculazi, amadoda angama-gay nabesilisa nabesifazane abesilisa nabesifazane. Izimpawu zingaqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ekuqaleni, ngokuvamile ngokuzulazula eduze kwe-anus, njengokufana nokubamba okungase kuhlobaniswe nama-hemorrhoids.
Kamuva kungaba ubuhlungu noma kubonise izimpawu zokugaya. Ekugcineni, i-lesion yomdlavuza ingavuleka, okuholela ekuthiwa yi-drainage engavamile.
Ngeshwa, lokhu kuyinhloko lapho abantu abaningi ekugcineni benquma ukubona udokotela, ngesikhathi esifanayo umdlavuza uvame kakhulu.
I-Cancer ichazwa ngokuthi ukukhula okungavamile kwamaseli aqhubeka nokwanda ngaphandle kwezinto eziphilayo ukuyeka. Umdlavuza we-analysis uyisifo esibulalayo esivela ku-anus, ngokuvamile esibonakala nge-lesion esiswini. Amanqamu ahlakulela athambekele ekukhuleni emasukini e-mucosal we-anus noma emkhawulweni odala ohlanganisa isikhumba.
Umdlavuza we-analysis uwukukhathazeka okukhulu phakathi kwabantu abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculazi. Emphakathini jikelele, umdlavuza wesi-anal uthathwa njengokungajwayelekile, okwenzeka kubantu abangaba ngu-100 000. Kodwa-ke, emadodeni alala nobulili namadoda (MSM) , lesi sigameko sikhuphukela phezulu kwamacala angu-144 ku-100,000. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-MSM enesandulela ngculazi kabili amathuba okuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho kune-MSM abangenayo i-HIV.
Nakuba singasiqondi ngokuphelele ukuthi kungani lokhu kungukuthi, ukukholelwa okungapheli okuhlobene nokutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngokwempela kudala iseli ngaphambi kwesikhathi salo.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, sizovame ukubona umdlavuza okhula kubantu abanesandulela ngculazi 10 kuya ku-15 ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke emphakathini jikelele. Umdlavuza we-analysis uphakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi ze-cancer ezikholelwa ukuthi zihlobene nalokhu.
Izingozi Zezingozi
Kukhona ubudlelwane obuseduze phakathi komdlavuza wesilwane kanye ne- papillomavirus yabantu (i-HPV) , igciwane elingabangeli kuphela izidakamizwa zobulili kodwa lihlobene nokuthuthukiswa komdlavuza wesibeletho.
Ngaphezu kwe-HPV ne-HIV, izici ezivame ukukhonjiswa zibandakanya ukubhema, abalingani abaningi bezocansi, ubulili obuningi bokutholwa , umlando we-hemorrhoids, kanye nama-fissus anal noma i-fistula.
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso
Enye yezinto ezenza umdlavuza wesibeletho ube yingozi ukuthi abantu abaningi babonisa ezimbalwa, uma kukhona, izimpawu ngaphambi kokuxilongwa. Ngokuphathelene namanje, abantu bazovame ukubambezela ukubona udokotela ngenxa yokwenza amahloni, ikakhulukazi uma izimpawu zingabonakali kakhulu.
Uma izimpawu zikhona ngokuvamile zihlanganisa:
- Ama-Warts ku-anus noma ngokobulili
- Izilonda noma ukuqhuma ezungeze i-anus noma emgodini olinganiselwe
- Ukushaywa ngaphakathi nangaphakathi kwe-anus
- Ukukhishwa noma ukuphuma kwe-anus
- Ubuhlungu noma ukucindezelwa kuzungeze i-anus
- Izindawo ezibuhlungu ezungeze i-anus ngokungabikho kwe-bumps noma izilonda ezibonakalayo
- Vula izilonda ezungeze i-anus engaphilisi
Ukuxilongwa
Ochwepheshe abaningi manje bancoma ukuhlolwa kwesifo somdlavuza walesilwane kubantu abengozini enkulu. Ukuhlolwa okuphakanyisiwe kufaka ukuhlolwa konyaka nokubukwa kwedijithali, kanye ne- Pap smear yesilwane ngonyaka.
Lezi zinsuku zithatha i-swab yamangqamuzana azungeze i-anus iphinde iyihlole ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukukhomba izinguquko zamaselula ezihambisana nomdlavuza wesilwane. I-Pap smears engavamile ngokuvamile ilandelwa nge-high-resolution oscopy (ububanzi bokulinganisa) noma i-biopsy.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesifo kuxhomeke kakhulu ekuthuthukeni komdlavuza. Emva kokuhlola ukucacisa isigaba sesifo, uhlelo lwezokwelapha lwenziwa ne-oncologist eqinisekiswe yibhodi.
Endabeni ye- squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) , i-chemotherapy kanye nemisebe yevaysi ngokuvamile iphakanyiswa njengokwelapha kokuqala. Uma kwenzeka i- adenocarcinoma , ukwelashwa kungase kuhlanganise nokuhlinzwa.
Ukuvimbela
Njengoba i-HPV ibhekwa njengengozi enkulu yokuthuthukiswa komdlavuza wesibeletho, ukuvimbela kufanele kugxile kakhulu ekugwemeni kwe-HPV. Ukugoma kwe-HPV kunconywa kubantwana kanye nabantu abancane, okunikezwa ngamapulangwe amathathu esikhathini esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha.
I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention okwamanje ikhuthaza ukugoma kula maqembu alandelayo:
- Zonke izingane ezineminyaka engu-11 noma engu-12 ubudala
- Abafana namantombazane abasha abazange baqale noma baqede uchungechunge lwe-HPV lapho bebancane
- Abesifazane abasha abaneminyaka engama-26
- Amadoda aseneminyaka engama-21
- MSM uneminyaka engama-26
- Amadoda anegciwane lesandulela ngculazi abazange baqale noma baqede uchungechunge lwe-HPV lokugoma lapho bebancane
Abantu abasengozini enkulu kufanele banikwe icebo lokusebenzisa amakhondomu ngokuhlangana kocansi njalo nokunciphisa inani labalingani bobulili.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ubani onomlando wezilonda ezinobungozi kufanele ahlolwe njalo. I-anal anal ingathola ukuthi izinguquko zamaselula zakuqala zihambisana nokuthuthukiswa komdlavuza wesibeletho, okuvumela ukungenelela kwangaphambili nokunciphisa ingozi yokuqhubeka kwezifo.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. "I-HPV Vaccines: Ukugoma I-Your Preteen and Teen". I-Atlanta, Georgia; fikela kuDisemba 7, 2015.
> UMnyango wezeMpi. "I-Dyplasia ye-Analysis ne-HIV: Ukunakekelwa Okuyisisekelo Kwezilwane Ze-HIV." Washington, DC; kufinyelelwe ngoNovemba 25, 2016.
> Goldstone, S. "Izinto ezithintekayo nezingozi zeHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) Ukutheleleka Phakathi Kwabesilisa abane-HIV-Seronegative Abalala Ngabantu." Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2011; 203 (1): 66-74.
> Hleyhel, M .; Belot, A .; UBouvier, A., et al. "Ingozi ye-AIDS-echaza amagciwane e-HIV-1 abagulayo (1992-2009): imiphumela evela ku-FHDH-ANRS CO4." I-Journal ye-International AIDS Society. & Novemba 11, 2012; 15 (4).