Iyini isiko segciwane?
Isiko lesandulela ngculazi yindlela abadokotela abasebenzisa ngayo ukukhula nokubona noma yimaphi ama-virus angase abe khona ekuhlolweni kwe-STD noma kwenye isampula yezinto eziphilayo. Isibonelo, ingasetshenziswa ukukhulisa i- herpes virus kusuka ku- herpes sore . Kuhilelekile kancane kuneziko ezinama-bacterium . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngokungafani nama-bacteria, ama-virus awakwazi ukuziphindaphinda ngokwawo.
Isiko le-bacterial lifaka nje ukufaka isampula emithonjeni efanelekayo lapho amabhaktheriya ekhula khona. Ngokuphambene nalokho, isiko lesandulela ngculazi sidinga ukusebenzisa isampula ukutheleleka amangqamuzana atholakalayo. Igciwane livunyelwe ukuthi likhule futhi liphindaphindile phakathi kwalawo maseli kuze lifinyelele kumazinga atholakalayo.
Isiko se-viral singathatha isikhathi esithile sesikhathi kuye ngokuthi:
- Iyiphi igciwane elikhuliswe
- Yiziphi izinhlobo zamaseli ezisetshenziswayo
- Amasu asetshenziselwa inqubo yamasiko
Noma kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki indlela ecacile, ihamba kancane. Isiko se-viral ngokuvamile siyinkqubo echitha isikhathi esiningi kune- nucleic-acid amplification testing (NAAT). Kudinga futhi izinga eliphakeme lekhono. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kokubili ebhokisatri kanye nomtholampilo ethatha isampula. Lelo lwazi liyadingeka ukuze igciwane lihlale lingelapheki futhi lingathinteki. Ngenxa yalokhu, isiko lesandulela ngculazi angeke sitholakale kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlola ze-STD.
Njengezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlolwa kwe-STD, isiko lesandulela ngculaza ngokuvamile liyisinyathelo sokuqala ekutholeni ukutheleleka okungaziwa. Ngemuva kokuthi igciwane likhuliswe lizodinga ukubonakala. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-nucleic acid, ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody-based kanye ne-electron microscopy.
Isiko se-viral sisetshenziselwa izilungiselelo zocwaningo. Kuyindlela yokuba ososayensi bakhiqize inani elikhulu legciwane ku-vitro . Nokho, ezinye izinhlobo zegciwane zingaba nzima kakhulu ukukhula nokuhlanza ebhodini.
Izibonelo:
Isiko se-viral kanye / noma ukuhlolwa kwe- nucleic-acid ukukhulisa izinto ezivela ezilonda ezibonakalayo kuyisilinganiso segolide sokuhlolwa kwe-herpes. Noma kunjalo, lolu hlobo lokuhlola lungenziwa kuphela kubantu abanezilonda zesisu zobulili. Ukuhlola abantu abangenakuqhathaniswa nge-herpes ngokocansi noma ngomlomo kudinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Lokhu kutholakala ngama- antibodies ngokumelene nezinkinga ezithile zegciwane esikhundleni segciwane ngokwayo. Ukuthola ukuhlolwa okunjalo kwegazi kungase kube nzima, noma kunjalo. Abanye odokotela abazi ukuthi ukukhona kwabo kanye nabanye odokotela bafuna ukuwasebenzisa.
Isiko lesandulela ngculazi singenziwa ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli. Ngeshwa, akusebenzi kahle ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izigaba ze-herpes breakbreak. Ngenkathi isiko lesandulela ngculazi kuhle kakhulu ekutholeni i-herpes virus emahlathini ase-vesicular ne-pustular herpes (> amaphesenti angama-90), akuncane kakhulu ukuthola i-virus ngezilonda ze-ulcerative (~ amaphesenti angu-70). Izinga lokutholakala kwezilonda eziye zaqala ukugoqa liwela ngamaphesenti angu-27 kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivinini lapho amasampuli ahanjiswa khona ukuhlolwa, nokuthi ngabe afriji kahle angabuye abe nemiphumela ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesiko segciwane.
Isiko se-viral sibheke njengezinga legolide le-herpes test. Nokho, kungaba luvivinyo olunzima ukwenza kahle. Ngezizathu eziningana, kungenzeka ukuthi ube nomphumela omubi wenkambiso yegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngisho nalapho umuntu ecacile enezimpawu ze-herpes futhi ehle ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Lezi zenzo ezingamanga zingase zenzeke, isibonelo, uma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa esiteji esingalungile sokugqashuka. Zingahle zenzeke uma isampula yayithunyelwa ngendlela engafanele futhi igcinwe.
Qaphela: Abantu abafuna imiphumela eqondile yokuhlolwa kwe-herpes bayacelwa ukuba bavakashele udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho kuqhamuka ukuqhuma. Ukwenza kanjalo kunika udokotela wabo ithuba elikhulu kakhulu lokukwazi ukuhlola izilonda ekugcineni lapho isiko se-viral sisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Imithombo:
Domeika M, Bashmakova M, Savicheva A, Kolomiec N, Sokolovskiy E, Hallen A, Unemo M, Ballard RC; Inethiwekhi YaseMpumalanga Yurophu Yempilo Yezocansi Nokuzala (EE SRH Network). Imihlahlandlela yokuxilongwa kwelabhoratri ye-herpes yobulili emazweni asempumalanga yeYurophu. I-Euro Surveill. 2010 Nov 4; 15 (44). i-pii: 19703.