Ukuhlolwa kwe-Nucleic-acid amplification, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-NAT noma i-NAAT, isetshenziselwa ukubona amanani amancane we-DNA noma i- RNA kuma-sampuli wokuhlola. Uma kuziwa ekuhlolweni kwe-STD , kune-NAT ezitholakalayo ezingakwazi ukuthola ama-STD ahlukahlukene. Empeleni, izivivinyo eziningi ze- urine ze-STD zenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-nucleic-acid amplification.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Nucleic-Acid Amplification kusebenza kanjani?
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene zokuhlolwa kwe-nucleic-acid amplification, kodwa konke kusekelwe esimisweni esifanayo.
I-NAT isebenzisa uchungechunge lokuphindaphindiwe kwamakhemikhali okuphindaphinda ukwenza amakhophi amaningi eDNA noma i-RNA odokotela abazama ukuwabona. Lezi zindlela ezenzakalelayo zikhulisa isibonakaliso se-nucleic acids kwisampula yokuhlola ukuze kube lula ukubona. Kulula kakhulu ukuthola amakhophi angu-10 000 wegesi kunama-10.
Yini Okufanele Yenzeni Ngokuhlolwa Kwe-STD?
Inqubo yokukhulisa i-nucleic acid ye-bacteria noma yegciwane ayiyona yodwa isifo se- STD . Esikhundleni salokho, uma inani le-DNA noma le-RNA liye landa esikhwameni esisetshenziswa nge- PCR noma i- LCR , ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile okusetshenziselwa ukuyihlola. Lezi zivivinyo ngokuvamile zibandakanya uhlobo oluthile lwe-nucleic acid hybridation. Kulezo zivivinyo, isampula ibhekwa nge-strane ehambisanayo eyenziwe nge-DNA noma i-RNA eye yabhalwa ngandlela-thile eyenza kube lula ukuyibona. Kungasiza ukukufanekisa njengokukhanya ebusweni obumnyama kuphela obambelele kucezu olulodwa olukhethekile kakhulu lokuthola ulwazi.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Nucleic-acid amplification kuyasiza kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwe-STD. Bavumela odokotela ukuthi babone i-STD pathogen ngisho nalapho kunenani elincane kakhulu lezinto eziphilayo. Yilolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe olwenze ukuba kwenzeke ukuhlolwa kwe- urine ngama-STD ayevele abonakala kuphela nge-swab.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ukuhlolwa kwe-nucleic-acid amplification kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokuphawulekayo ngisho namanani amancane we-DNA egazini, kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni igazi. Lezi zivivinyo zenza kube lula ukuthola izilinganiso ezincane ze-HIV nezinye izifo eziphathekayo ezingelahleka igazi ezingase zingabanjwanga ngenye indlela.
Kukhona nokuhlola okungekho okungakhuliswa kwe- nucleic acid etholakalayo kuma-STD athile, afana ne- gonorrhea ne- chlamydia . Izivivinyo zokungahlolisisi ze-nucleic acid ezingasetshenzisiwe zingase zisetshenziswe uma inani elikhulu le-DNA (noma i-RNA) ye-bacterium noma i-viral viral kulindeleke ukuba khona, njengokungathi ku-swab ye-urethral noma kwisampula yamasiko ebhaktheriya . Ezimweni ezinjalo, akukho ukukhuliswa okudingekayo. Kulezi zampula, uma i-DNA noma i-RNA ikhona, kufanele ibe khona kumanani atholakalayo.
Isibonelo salokhu kuhlolwa kusebenza
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Nucleic-acid ukuphakamisa izindlela ezibucayi kakhulu zokuthola ukuthi ngabe amabhaktheriya noma igciwane likhona kwisampula yezinto eziphilayo. Uma kuziwa ekutholeni i- herpes yesisu somzimba ebuhlungu obuvela kumuntu onempawu, lezi zivivinyo zisebenza njengendlela engcono kakhulu emkhakheni wegciwane . Imikhuba ye-viral ingaba nzima kwezinye i-laboratories ukwenza. Ngokungafani nokuhlolwa kwe-herpes igazi , i-NAT ishicilela ukuzimisela ngokuqondile ukuthi igciwane likhona yini kwisampula kunokuba lifune anti-herpes antibodies.
Ukukhuliswa kwe-Nucleic-acid kuye kwavumela nokwandiswa kwe- chlamydia ne-gonorrhea ukuhlola ezweni lonke. Manje ukuhlolwa okunjalo manje kungenziwa ngamasampula omchamo esikhundleni sokudinga i-sware ye-urethral noma i-cervicovaginal. Ngakho-ke kuye kwaba lula ukuhlola izinombolo ezinkulu zamadoda nabesilisa abasha abase-STDs ezihlukahlukene zombili izilungiselelo zomtholampilo nezingezizo zomtholampilo. Ukuqoqa umchamo akudingi ubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha, futhi abantu kungenzeka bazimisele ukukhipha indebe kunokuthola i-swab yobulili.
Abacwaningi baye basebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-nucleic-acid amplification ukuze bathole ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nenkinga yenkinga ye-STD e-United States.
Izinhlelo eziningi zokuhlola izibalo ezisezingeni elikhulu ziye zasetshenziswa emasosha, ezintsha ezisemadolobheni, emadodeni alala nobulili namadoda, nakwamanye amaqembu aphezulu okubeka engozini futhi engozini. Lezi zivivinyo zivumela ukutholakala kwama-STD ezinkampanini ezincane ezivame ukuthathwa njengengxenye yezifundo ezinkulu zophenyo ezempilo yabantu.
> Imithombo:
> Bernstein KT, Chow JM, Pathela P, Gift TL. Izifo Zesifo Sengculaza Ngama-bacterium Ukuhlola Ngaphandle Kliniki - Impikiswano Yohlelo Lwanamuhla Lwezifo Zesandulela Ngculazi. I-Dis Trans Trans Dis. 2016 Feb; 43 (2 Suppl 1): S42-52. i-doi: 10.1097 / OLQ.0000000000000343.
> Chow EPF, Walker S, Funda iTrH, Chen WAM, Bradshaw CS, Fairley CK. Ukusetshenziswa Okuzenzekelayo Ukutholakala Kwamathumbu E-Mouthwash ne-Pharyngeal Gonorrhea Ukuhlolwa kwe-Nucleic Acid Amplification. I-Dis Trans Trans Dis. 2017 Oct; 44 (10): 593-595. i-doi: 10.1097 / OLQ.0000000000000654.
> Trembizki E, Costa AM, Tabrizi SN, Dy Whiley, Twin J. Amathuba kanye imfucuza yokuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana ukuthola amagciwane okudluliselwa ngocansi. I-pathology. 2015 Ngo-Apr; 47 (3): 219-26. i-doi: 10.1097 / PAT.0000000000000239.