Imishanguzo Emaqanda Ayingqayizivele
Kukhona, kodwa kunjalo.
Amanye amagciwane nawo abangela umkhuhlane kanye nokuphuma kwamanzi futhi abizwa ngokuthi amaFeral Hemorrhagic Fever.
Abanye basakaza ngokuxhumana. Bangase banqobe isimiso sokuvala futhi iziguli ziphuma emakhaleni nasezinsini noma kuma-IV.
Iningi lingavamile. Awufani ne-movie ye-Zombie.
Amaningi amaningi omkhuhlane wegciwane egazini angeke abangele ukuphuma kwegazi. Kuyinto engavamile ngisho nase-Ebola ngoba kukhona izimpawu zokuphuma kwegazi.
Amacala amaningi - ngisho nalawo abulalayo - awasho.
Bangase badideke ne-malaria ngokuvamile bezitholakala eduze. Lokhu kungase kubambezele ukuzihlukanisa futhi kubeke abazinakekeli engozini.
I-Dengue, ekutheleleni izigidi ezingu-50-100 ngonyaka, ingabangela imfiva evuthayo yegciwane. Funda lapha .
Kunezinye izimbangela ezingaziwa kakhulu:
Isibhedlela saseSierra Leone esaqala esibhedlela sase-Ebola sasisibhedlela saseLassa. Kwezinye izingxenye zaseLiberia naseSierra Leone, kungase kube namaphesenti angu-10% -16% wezibhedlela aseLassa .
I-Lassa, i-arenavirus eNtshonalanga Afrika, iqala amaviki amathathu emva kokuchayeka. Iningi (80%) linempawu emnene: umkhuhlane omncane, ukukhathala, ikhanda; Amaphesenti angu-20 athuthukisa ukuphuma kwegazi (izinsini, impumulo), ubuhlungu besisu / isifuba / ubuhlungu emuva, ukuhlanza, ukuvuvukala komzimba, mhlawumbe ukudideka, ukuthuthumela. Ukuthuka kungenzeka. Ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kwenzeka ngo-1/3 ngezimpawu.
Kulezi zibhedlela, cishe u-15-20% ufa (okubi kakhulu ekukhulelwe). I-1% kuphela efa jikelele.
Amacala angu-300 000-500,000 abangela abantu abangaba ngu-5 000 njalo ngonyaka.
I-Lassa isakazeka uma umchamo we-multimammate's urine / droppings ungcolisa ukudla noma isikhumba ephukile, noma ifakwe ngaphakathi. Ukudluliselwa komuntu ngamunye kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi ezibhedlela ezilinganiselwe.
I-Ribavirin, i-drug anti-virus, isetshenziswa. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwe-PCR noma i-ELISAs.
Ayikho imithi yokugoma.
Icala lokugcina lase-US lalisendleleni ehambayo evela eNtshonalanga Afrika ngo-2014.
Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo ze-arenaviruses ezingavamile eNingizimu Melika: uJunin (i-Argentina HF), i-Machupo (i-Bolivia HF), iGuanarito (i-Venezuelan HF), uSabia (i-Brazilian HF), i-Chapare virus (eBolivia).
UMarburg
UMarburg uhlobene nomunye i-filovirus, i-Ebola. Okokuqala kwaqaphela ngo-1967 phakathi kwabasebenzi baseLurophu abangenwa yizinkawu ezingenisiwe.
Ezinsukwini ezingu-5-10 emva kokuchayeka, iziguli zakha umkhuhlane, ikhanda, izinhlungu zomzimba, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza. Bangakwazi ukugcoba ngezinsuku ezingu-5-8, kulandela ukushaqeka, ukudideka.
Amazinga okufa ahluke kuye ngokuthi indawo, mhlawumbe ubunzima kanye nezinsiza; Ukufa kwaba ngu-21% ngo-1967 futhi kwafika ku-80-90% e-Angola nase-DRC ngo-2000-5. Ukuxilongwa nge-PCR noma i-ELISA. Ayikho ukwelashwa okuqondile, okwamanje. Kukhona umsebenzi wokugoma.
Lesi sifo sitholakala e-Uganda, Zimbabwe, DRC, Kenya, Angola naseNingizimu Afrika. Ukudluliselwa kuvela emantongeni asezithelo zase-Afrika - okuthinta abavukuzi (noma abavakashele) emaphandleni azaliswe yi-droppings (noma ngisho ne-aerosolization). Ukwedluliswa kuvela emanzini angewona abantu kanye neziguli uma ukuvikelwa kungenele emzimbeni wegciwane lesiguli noma amaconsi.
Ukuvunguza kweMarburg akuvamile. Ukuqubuka okukhulu okubili kuphela okwenzekile kusukela ngo-1970.
Ezinye iziqoqo zithinte abantu abangu-1-15.
Icala lokugcina elibonwa e-US kwaba ngo-2008 kumhambi obuyela emuva evela emgodini ogcwele u-Uganda.
I-Yellow Fever
I-Yellow Fever, esakazwa ngokuyinhloko yizinyosi ze-Aedes, i-flavivirus efana ne-Dengue, i-Kyasanur, futhi ibangelwa imfiva emangalisa. I-Yellow Fever ivela ezindaweni ezithile eNingizimu Melika kodwa ikakhulukazi e-Afrika. Amacala angu-200 000 ngonyaka aholela ekufeni kwabantu abangu-30 000. Abantu abaningi abanegciwane babe nezimpawu ezincane noma ezingekho. Izimpawu zenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-3-6 emva kokuchayeka: umkhuhlane, ikhanda, ukukhathala, izitho zomzimba, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza. Okuthuthukisiwe kakhulu, kepha abanye (cishe 15%) bakhula izimpawu ezibucayi amahora noma usuku olulandelayo: ukuphuma kwegazi, isikhumba esiluphuzi, izinkinga zesibindi, ukushisa komkhuhlane, ukushaqeka.
Ngezifo ezinzima, ama-20-50% ayafa.
Azikho ukwelashwa okuqondile. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antibody kungasiza ukuxilongwa
Omunye umthamo wokugoma uvikela iminyaka engu-10. Umgomo uwukuthi - futhi kuphela-labo abaya ezindaweni eziya e-Yellow Fever. Izenzakalo ezibi kakhulu zingenzeka; Abantu kufanele baxoxisane nodokotela wabo ngokugoma.
Ukuvimbela kufaka phakathi: umuthi omiyane (DEET), ukumboza, ukugwema izindawo ze-Yellow Fever, ukusebenzisa amanetha ombhede (nabantu abanegciwane, nabo).
Umkhuhlane we-Hemorrhagic ene-renal syndrome (HFRS)
Umkhuhlane we-Hemorrhagic ene-renal syndrome (HFRS) ibangelwa amagciwane e-Bunyaviridae .: Hantaan, Seoul, Puumala, naseDobrava. Kukhona amacala angaba ngu-200 000 emhlabeni wonke ngonyaka, asakazwa umchamo / ama-droppes aerosolized kusuka kwamagundane athile e-Asia naseYurophu. I-syndrome ibangela izinkinga zezinso, imfiva, futhi engavamile, ukuphuma kwegazi. I-South-West-West Hantavirus ibangela isifo esihlukile ngaphandle kokuphuma.
Izifo ziqala emavikini angu-1-2 (kuze kufike ku-8) emva kokuvezwa ngekhanda, umkhuhlane, umbono obonakalayo, ubuhlungu besisu nesisu. Abanye bakhuthuka kamuva: ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukushuswa, ukuvuza kwe-vascular. Ukufa kwezintambo kusuka ku- <1 kuya kwezingu-15% kuye ngobunzima.
Ama-Bunyaviruses ahlobene, i- Rift Valley neCrimea-Congo , kubangelwa nemifudu eminyana.
Kukhona nezinye izifo ezinomsoco.
Lokhu kuhlanganisa Fever Valley Fever kanye neCrimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever , kodwa okungajwayelekile ukuthi izifo ziholela ekuqhumeni. I-Dengue ingadala futhi ekuholeni ekuguleni komzimba, kodwa kungavamile. I-hepatitis Fulminant, efana ne-Hepatitis B, ingathinta i-coagulation ne-clotting. I- leptospirosis e-icteric ejulile nayo ingabangela izimpawu ezinzima, okungajwayelekile futhi hhayi ngokuphawulekayo.
Ezinye izifo zingabonakala ezifanayo - kusukela kulesifo sengculaza kuya e-typhoid kuya kwezinye izifo zesifo sofuba nesifo se-rickettsial.
Imifudlana eHemorrhagic Viral ayivamile.
Uma umkhuhlane noma ezinye izimpawu zokugula zikhula ngemuva kokuvakashela indawo ethintekile:
Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Kungaba into ejwayelekile - njenge-malaria, i-dengue, i- leptospirosis , kodwa lokhu kudinga ukwelashwa nokunaka.
Bonisa ukuqapha nganoma yisiphi isifo esithintekile kanye namanzi abo omzimba - eziningi zazo zingasakazeka ngamanzi omzimba.
Ungathathi i-aspirin, i-advil / ibuprofen, i-alleve / naproxen (ukugwema ukuphuma).