Thatha ukutheleleka okusakazwa ngamakhiza, okungabangela ukuphuma kwegazi kanye nokwehla okuphezulu, futhi usakaze kabanzi ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba futhi wena, ngeshwa, ube neCrimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF).
Iyini imbangela?
Labo abathintekayo bangase babe nomkhuhlane ophezulu, ama-muscle aches, ikhanda elikhanyayo, ubuhlungu besisu, nokuhlanza kanye nokweqa.
Bangase bathuthukise ukuzwela ukukhanya futhi kamuva bathuthukise imizwelo bese bedidekile noma behlukumezekile.
Lesi sifo ngokuvamile sihilela ukugula okungazelelwe kwenzeke ezinsukwini ezingu-2-7 emva kokuvezwa (cishe izinsuku ezingu-2-14) ngezinguquko ze-neurologic (ukudideka noma ukuhlukumezeka), ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kwesifo, nokuhluleka kwezinso nesibindi. Ukufa, uma kwenzeka, kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-5-14 emva kokuba izimpawu ziqala ngokuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni, uketshezi emaphashini, noma ukwehluleka komzimba ukuhluleka ukusola.
Kubi Kangakanani?
Lesi sifo singabangela ukuqubuka okukhulu, kanye neziguli eziphethwe yi-2 kuya kwezi-5 ezifayo. Abanye babona kuphela umuntu oyedwa kwabayishumi abafa. Akuvamile, ngenhlanhla.
Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sifo sivame ukuvela lapho ukuhlolwa kungase kube nzima ukuthola futhi izinsiza zilinganiselwe, akuzona zonke izimo ezingatholakala. Izivunguvungu zivame ukubalwa ezinombolweni ezilodwa noma ezimbili, ezingavamile ukufinyelela amacala angu-200.
Lesi akusona isifo esitholakala e-US.
Kuphi?
Itholakala eMpumalanga Yurophu, e-Afrika, eMpumalanga Ephakathi nase-Asia.
Ayitholakali e-US. Njengoba leli gama lisho, lesi sifo singatholakala eDemocratic Republic of the Congo nakwezinye izingxenye ze-Afrika, kusukela eSenegal kuya eNingizimu Afrika ukuya eGibhithe, e-Ukraine nasezingxenyeni zaseRussia, kanye ne-Iran, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Georgia, ETurkey, eCroatia naseBulgaria.
Itholakala nasePakistan nasezingxenyeni ezisentshonalanga zaseNdiya naseChina.
Uvelaphi?
Itholakala ezilwaneni eziningi zasepulazini nezilwane zasendle. Izilwane ezithintekile zihlanganisa izinkomo, izimbuzi, izimvu, onogwaja. Izinyoni ngokuvamile zingenwa igciwane, kodwa izintshe zingaba futhi zivame ukuba umthombo wesifo.
Ukudluliselwa kungavela emikhawulweni ehlolelwe ngokudla kulezi zilwane. Izifo zingadluliselwa ngokuqondile egazini ezivela ezilwaneni ezigciwane, njengokungathi kuhlaselwa. Abaningi balabo abathintekayo ezindaweni zokubulala noma njengezilwane zezilwane - zombili amaqembu aphethwe yi-CCHF.
Lesi sifo singase sisakaze nasezibhedlela noma ema-ambulensi. Izifo zingenzeka uma abasebenzi bezempilo bexhumana negazi noma ezinye izifo zomzimba eziholela ekutheleleni. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke lapho imishini yezokwelapha ingase isetshenziswe kabusha noma abasebenzi bangakwazi ukufinyelela amagilavu nezinye izinto zokuvimbela ukuvezwa.
Ingabe Kunomuthi Wokugoma?
Ayikho imithi yokugoma.
Ingabe Kukhona Ukwelapha?
Ayikho ukwelashwa okuqondene nale gciwane. I-Ribavirin, isidakamizwa esetshenziswe kwamanye amagciwane, kubonakala sengathi sinenzuzo, kepha lokhu akuzange kuboniswe; nakho akukona ukwelapha. Ucwaningo oluhlelekile kubantu alukwenziwe. Umbono onokwelashwa usekelwe ekubukeni nasezindabeni, hhayi emiBhalweni Engenakulinganiswa, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezilwane.
Njengoba kunikezwe izindawo ezikude nokuqhuma okungazelelwe ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba, kuye kwaba nzima ukusungula isilingo esenzelwe ukuhlolwa kwalesi sifo.
Ezinye izidakamizwa nazo zihlolwe.
Ukunakekelwa ngokuyinhloko kusekela. Lokhu kuhilela ukwesekwa kokuphefumula, ukusebenza kwezinso, ukucindezelwa kwegazi, nokwelashwa kwanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka kwesibili.
Ingabe Ingasakazela Abanikeli Bempilo?
Yebo, ngemuva kokuba isosha lase-US litheleleke e-Afghanistan, ababili kulabo abanakekeli bahlakulele ukutheleleka, naphezu kwe-prophylaxis ne-ribavirin. Kungenzeka ukuthi kusuka ekugqekeni kwe-ventilation noma i-bronchoscopy noma enye ekunakekelweni kwesikhashana ngamaproprotocol anganele.
Kuyindlela ye-biosafety-4 pathogen.
Uhlobo Luni Lwe-Virus Ingabe Lona?
I-Crimus-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever virus ivela emndenini weBunyaviridae , uhlobo lwe- Nairovirus. Lo mndeni uhlanganisa i-Rift Valley Virus ne-Hantavirus.
Kungani Libizwa Ngegama Lalo?
Lesi sifo saqaphela amakhulu eminyaka ngaphambili. Akuzange kubonwe kuze kube ngo-1944 amasosha aseSoviet athole igciwane eCrimea. Kamuva kwaqaphela ukuthi igciwane elifanayo litholakala e-Uganda nokuthi lokho kwakubizwa ngokuthi yigciwane leCongo.