Uma unesihlungu esincane, ungase uzwe ukuthi une- stroke encane , i- brainstem stroke , i- stroke encane noma i- lacunar . I-stroke encane ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi- stroke encane yomkhumbi , ngoba ibangelwa ukuvinjelwa noma ukuphuma kwegazi elincane elisebuchosheni. Yonke yale migomo imincazelo enembile ngemivimbo emincane.
Ukusho kwesifo socansi kungukuthi isifo sendawo ejulile engaphansi kwebuchopho, ngokungafani nesifo esiyingozi, esithinta uhlaka lwangaphandle lobuchopho, noma i-cortex ye-cerebral. Ngenkathi i-stroke encane ngokuvamile incane endaweni, ingabangela izimpawu nezimpawu ezibonakalayo. Imiphumela yesifo esincane sincike endaweni yaso ebuchosheni.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zezingxabano Ezincane
- I-Capsule yangaphakathi : I-capsule yangaphakathi , indawo engaphakathi ngaphakathi kobuchopho, ithumela imilayezo emuva naphambili phakathi kwezindawo eziphezulu zokusebenza kobuchopho nobuchopho buba nomgogodla, ikakhulu imilayezo ephathelene nokunyakaza. I-capsule yangaphakathi ilawula ukunyakaza kwesinye isici somzimba. Ukushaywa yisifo endaweni engaphansi komhlaba kungabangela ubuthakathaka obuthakathaka, ubuthakathaka obukhulu noma ukukhubazeka okuphelele kwesandla noma umlenze ohlukile noma kokubili. I-stroke ehilela ingxenye engaphansi kwebuchopho ngokuvamile ayithinti ukucabanga, ukwahlulela noma ulimi. I-stroke echaphazela i-capsule yangaphakathi ivame ukubangelwa ukuphuma noma ukuvinjelwa kwegatsha elincane lomshini we-cerebral wesokudla noma kwesokunxele.
- I-Thalamus : I-thalamus, ejulile ngaphakathi kobuchopho, iyisikhungo sokuhlanganisa izibonakaliso zokuzwa ezivela emzimbeni bese ubathumela ezindaweni eziphakeme ze-cortex ye-cerebral. Ukulimala kwe-thalamus kuphazamisa lo mlayezo. Ukushaywa kwe-thalamic kungabangela ukuphazamiseka, ukugubha noma ukuphelelwa ukuzwa kwesandla noma umlenze noma kokubili. Uhlangothi olungakwesokudla lwe-thalamus ludlulisa umuzwa ukusuka ohlangothini lwesobunxele lomzimba futhi ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwe-thalamus udlulisa umuzwa ukusuka ohlangothini lwesokudla lomzimba. I-thalamic stroke ingase ibangele ukuphazamiseka kwegazi noma ukuphuma kwegatsha le-artery ye-cerebral ephakathi kwesokudla noma kwesobunxele.
- I-Basal Ganglia: I-basal ganglia, esinye isifunda esincane sebuchopho, ilawula imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi efuna ukusebenzisana nokunyakaza kwemisipha ebushelelezi. I-stroke echaphazela i-basal ganglia ingabangela izimpawu ezifana nokuthuthumela, ukugwaza, noma ukuduma kwesifo se-Parkinson.
Umbuzo omhlophe: Izindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba zivame ukubhekwa njengento emhlophe ngoba ama-neurons abonakala abe mhlophe kunezindawo ezibonakalayo ezibucayi bobuchopho. Ukubonakala okumhlophe kungumphumela we-myelin, uhlobo oluthile lwamanoni ahlanganisa amangqamuzana obuchopho kanye namagundane ukuze avikele futhi azifake, ukuvumela izimpawu zombane ukuba zihambe ngokushesha futhi ngokuphumelelayo.
Izitsha Zigazi Zihilelekile Emivangqwaneni Encane
Imishanguzo ithwala igazi ebuchosheni . Uma imishanguzo ivinjiwe noma uma ukugeleza kwegazi kuphazanyiswa, ischemia, noma ukungabi khona kwegazi kwenzeka. Izicubu zobuchopho ezibhekene ne-ischemia zithola inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-infarction , okuwumonakalo wamakhemikhali ophumela ku-ischemia.
Izibhamu ezincane zingabangelwa i-clot yegazi ephuma esibhedlela se-cerebrovascular noma e-embolus (i-clot blood clot) kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Ngokujwayelekile isifo socansi senziwa ngenxa yokuvinjwa kwegatsha elincane le-artery cerebral middle, igatsha elincane lomthambo we-cerebral yangaphakathi noma igatsha elincane lomthambo we-cerebral posterior.
Ngezinye izikhathi isifo sofuba esingumgogodla siwumphumela wesisu (isisu segazi esigazini.) Ukufa kwesisu kungabangela isitsha segazi esiphukile, ukuphuma kwe-infarct, ebizwa ngokuthi inguqu eguquguqukayo, noma emdlalweni owenziwe ebuchosheni. Kuvame kakhulu ukuthi ukushaywa kwe-cortical kuguqulwe kube yisifo esibi kakhulu kunokuba kube nesifo sohlangothi esincane sokuguqula sibe yisifo esibi kakhulu. Ezinye izinkinga ezinkulu, ezifana nokuvuvukala kobuchopho kanye ne-edema, azifani kakhulu nezigabhu ezingaphansi kwe-cortic.
Izwi elivela
Ngenkathi izimpawu zesifo esincane singaba namandla, ngokuvamile akuzona ukuphila okusongela ukuphila.
I-stroke encane ingabangela ubuthakathaka obuphelele bomlenze owodwa, isibonelo, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele imiphumela efana nokuhlukunyezwa noma ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.
Kodwa-ke, ukushaya isifo esincane ngokuvamile kuwuphawu lokuqala lwezinkinga zokushaywa yisifo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi, ngaphezu kokubuyiselwa kusuka ku-stroke uqobo, kuzodingeka futhi uthole ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukubona ukuthi kungani uhlangene nesifo. Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zici ezingozini zingaphathwa kahle ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthola esinye isifo.
Ngokulawulwa kabusha nokulawulwa kwezinkinga, ungathola ukutholakala okukhulu nokuvimbela imivimbo eyengeziwe.
> Ukufunda okuqhubekayo:
> Ukuqonda okusha emisebenzini yokushaywa kwesifo esincane esivela ku-genetics, uT Tan R, Traylor M, Rutten-Jacobs L, uMarkus H, Clin Sci (Lond). 2017 Apr 1; 131 (7): 515-531.