Ukushaywa yisifo kungase kushuswe futhi kungase kube nomuzwa wokuthi awuyikuthethelela, ukuhlaselwa okungaqondakali empilweni yakho nenhlalakahle yakho. Kodwa ukushaywa komzimba akuyona okungahleliwe ngokuphelele. Kunezici ezithile eziye zafakazelwa ukwandisa ingozi yokuphazamiseka. Kodwa-ke, bayakwazi ukuthola futhi bakwazi ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nesifo sohlangothi.
Ukuhlaselwa okuncane kanye nokuhlaselwa kwe-Ischemic esheshayo
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic okudlulayo (TIA) yisifo esibuyiselwayo, esivame ukubhekwa njengesivinini esincane. Abantu abaningi abahlangabezana ne-TIA bayaqhubeka bezwa ukushaywa uma izici ezisemngciphekweni ezishiywe zingaphenduliwe. I-TIA yisona sengozi esiyingozi kunazo zonke futhi siyisixwayiso sokuthi udinga ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwezempilo okuphelele. Ngokuvamile, i-TIA ibangelwa ngenxa eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yezici ezifanayo ezibangelwa ukushaywa.
Umlando womndeni
Uma unamalungu omndeni aphethwe yisifo sohlangothi, ungase ube engozini enkulu ngenxa yemikhuba efanayo yokuphila noma izici zokuzalwa. Qinisekisa ukuthi utshele udokotela wakho uma unomlando womndeni wesifo sokushaywa yilokho okuzoholela ekuvivinyweni kwezokwelapha akuyala ngakho.
Isifo sikashukela
Isifo sikashukela sibangela izifo ezingaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi kulo lonke umzimba, kuhlanganise nenhliziyo nobuchopho. Lokhu kwandisa isifo sofuba esingabangela isifo. I-pre-diabetes yesifo sikashukela nesifo sikashukela yizo zombili izimo ezingaphathwa ngokudla nokuzivocavoca ukunciphisa imiphumela yezempilo.
Ukucindezelwa Kwegazi Eliphakeme
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu, noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, udala isifo esisheshayo sezindlebeni zomzimba kuwo wonke umzimba, kuhlanganise nenhliziyo, ubuchopho, nemithambo ye-carotid. Izitsha zegazi ezigulayo kungenzeka zenze ama-clots noma amaqabunga okugibela ahamba kuwo wonke umzimba, okuholela ekushayweni kwe-ischemic .
Ukushisa komfutho kungabangela nokuphulukana kwemithambo yegazi engaphelele, okwenza imivimbo ephazamisayo . Hlala unolwazi kumhlahlandlela obuyekeziwe wokuphathwa kwengcindezi yegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlangabezana nezinhloso ezifanele zokucindezela kwegazi kanye nemigqa.
Cholesterol High
I-cholesterol ephakeme , njenge-hypertension nesifo sikashukela, ingalimaza imishanguzo yenhliziyo, imithambo ye-carotid, nobuchopho. I-cholesterol inomkhuba wokwakha futhi kubangele ukunamathela emithanjeni yegazi. Lokhu kwandisa ithuba lokugaya igazi elifakwe emzimbeni wegazi futhi liphazamise ukuhlinzeka ngegazi ebuchosheni.
Izifo Ze-Cerebrovascular
Isifo se-cerebrovascular yisimo lapho imithwalo yegazi ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni yonakalisiwe, imincane noma ingavamile. Lokhu kungase kuholele ekushayweni uma kungashiywanga ukulashwa.
Izifo ze-Aron Coronary
I-coronary artery disease (CAD) lapho imithwalo yegazi yenhliziyo ibhidlizwa. I-CAD ingaholela ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo okungabangela ukungazelelwe kwegazi ekunikezeni ubuchopho. Ngemuva kokuphola kusuka ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo, abanye abantu bathola ukushaya kwenhliziyo noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
I-Heart Beat engavamile
Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile, noma ukuhlelwa kwe- arrhythmia , kungasiza ekubunjweni kwezindwangu zegazi. Lezi zindwangu zegazi zingase zihambele ebuchosheni futhi zibanjwe emithanjeni encane yegazi, okubangelwa ukushaywa kwe-ischemic .
Ngokuvamile, ukunconywa kwegazi kunconywa ukunciphisa ingozi yokushaywa yisisu okuhlobene nokushaya kwenhliziyo engavamile. Futhi, maduzane, amathuluzi amasha asekhaya asevele avela ukuthi kwenze kube lula ukubona imvamisa yezintando zenhliziyo yenhliziyo yonke imini.
Ukungaphumeleli Inhliziyo
Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ngenxa yokucindezeleka ngokweqile enhliziyweni, imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthakathaka, okwenza kube nzima ukupompa igazi ngendlela efanele.
Izifo ze-Heart Valve
Isifo se-valve singabantwana besisu (okwamanje ekubelethweni) noma singase sikhule esikhathini esizayo empilweni. Kungase kubangele nezinguquko ekugezeni kwegazi emzimbeni wonke, okwandisa ingozi yokumisa i-blood clot futhi engase iholele ekushayweni kwe-ischemic.
I-Carotid Artery Disease
Izitsha zegazi entanyeni yi-artery carotid. Uma zincane noma zingavamile, zingakha ama-clots egazi angase ahambe aye kufakwe emithanjeni yegazi yobuchopho. Kunezinqubo eziningana zokungenelela ezingakwazi ukulungisa imishanguzo ye-carotid.
Ukukhubazeka Kwezinhliziyo Zenhliziyo
Izinkinga zezinhliziyo ezikhona lapho zizalwa zingabangela izinkinga ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nesifo sohlangothi. Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo kungabandakanya imithwalo yegazi engasetshenzisiwe, ukuvuza igazi kusuka esifundeni esisodwa senhliziyo kuya kwesinye, nezinye izinkinga zesifo. Iningi lezinkinga zenhliziyo lingatholakala futhi lilungiswe ngokuphepha ngesikhathi esincane kakhulu.
I-Infection Infection / Inflammation
Ukuvuvukala nokutheleleka kwenhliziyo akuvamile, kepha kungabangela izingxenyana zegazi, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, nokunye ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala okungathinta ubuchopho.
Ukuphazamiseka kwezibilini
Ukuphazamiseka kokuphahlazeka yiqembu lezifo ezingenakukwazi ukudala igazi elifanayo elifanayo. Lokhu kuholela ekuphumeni okwedlulele ngokweqile kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, kufaka phakathi ubuchopho, ngemuva kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokulimala. Ukuphuma kwegazi kungase kwenzeke ngokuzenzekelayo.
Ukuphazamiseka Kwegazi
Lapho ukugoqa ngegazi kungavamile, kungenza kuqala ukubunjwa kwegazi. Ngokufanayo, ifomu legazi legazi emithanjeni yegazi nokuhamba bese ufaka ebuchosheni noma kwenye indawo emzimbeni.
I-Sickle Cell Anemia
I-sickle cell anemia iyisifo sezakhi zofuzo zegazi elibomvu. Lawo maseli angavamile aqinile futhi angakwazi ukunamathela ezindongeni zegazi le-cerebral blood causing a stroke.
Ukukhulelwa
Kwabesifazane abathile, ukukhulelwa kungandisa ingozi yokugaya igazi. Kukhona ubungozi obuncane bokushaywa yisifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nesifo esiyinkimbinkimbi yokugaya igazi noma isimo sokuvuvukala.
Izifo ezizimele ngokuzenzakalela
Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yi-autoimmune zingandisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo ngokushaya phambili ekuthuthukiseni isifo se-vessel yomkhumbi noma ukwakheka kwegazi. Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo sokuzimela ngokweqile njenge- lupus , i- psoriasis noma i- alopecia areata , kunengozi yokunyuka kwesifo sohlangothi kanye nezinye izenzakalo zokuvala igazi.
Izifo Ezimbi
Izifo zingahle zenze ukwakhiwa kwegazi, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Isixhumanisi esiphakathi kwezifo kanye nesifo sokushaywa komzimba kuthathwa ukuthi sihlobene nokwanda kokuvuvukala okungahle kwenzeke isifo sohlangothi. Eqinisweni, ngisho nempilo yamazinyo empofu , ebangela ukutheleleka komlomo okuncane, ixhunyaniswe nokushaywa yisisu.
I-Brain Aneurysm
I-aneurysm yobuchopho iyisitsha segazi esingavamile ngokweqile, esivame ukuvela kusukela ekuzalweni. Kungase kuphume ngenxa yengozi ephezulu yengcindezi yegazi noma ukugula okukhulu. Uma ngabe uthola ukuthi une-aneurysm yobuchopho, kungenzeka noma ungabe ungabhaliswa ukulungiswa kwe-aneurysm, kuye ngokuthi indawo ye-aneurysm yakho neyonke impilo yakho. Thola okuningi mayelana nokuphefumula kwe-brain aneurysm.
Ukukhuluphala
Ukukhuluphala kuboniswe ukuthi kuyisici esiyingozi ngenxa yesifo. Nakuba kuyaziwa ukuthi i-cholesterol ephakeme, i-high blood pressure, nesifo sikashukela-konke okufaka isandla ekubethweni-kuhlotshaniswa nokukhuluphala, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukukhuluphala kuyisici esizimele sokucindezeleka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abakhuluphele kakhulu banomdlavuza uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abangenabo-obomvu abafana nengcindezi yegazi, i-cholesterol, ushukela wegazi.
Indlela yokuphila yama-Sedentary
Ukungabi nomsebenzi ovamile ongokwenyama kungandisa ukwanda ngokweqile, i-cholesterol ephezulu, ukucindezeleka okukhulu, nezimo zenhliziyo.
I-Malteriovenous Malformation
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-Arteriovenous (AVM) kuyinto engavamile yesikhala segazi ukuthi, lapho ephukile, ibangela isifo esibi kakhulu . Ngezinye izikhathi, ama-AVM angabangela nokulahlekelwa kwe-neurologic ngokuthi "ukweba" ukugeleza kwegazi kusuka emathisini ebuchosheni obuzungezile.
I-HIV
I-HIV nama-AID ingandisa ingozi yokutheleleka, ukuvuvukala nomdlavuza-konke okwenza kube khona ingozi yokushaya isifo. Kuye kwaba nokwanda okuphawulekayo lapho kwenzeka khona isifo phakathi kwabantu abane-HIV ne-AIDS.
Ukukhulelwa komlomo
Izisu zokubeletha ngomlomo zingandisa kancane amathuba okubunjwa kwegazi. Ingozi ivame kakhulu phakathi kwabokubhema abasebenzisa izisu zomlomo.
Ukucindezeleka noMoya
Ukucindezeleka ngumzwelo obaluleke ngokuphawulekayo ekuhlotsheni ingozi yokulimala ngenxa yethonya layo ekugezeni kwegazi, ukucindezelwa kwegazi, namahomoni kuwo wonke umzimba. Noma kunjalo, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo , kuhlanganise nokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka, kuhlobene nokushaywa yisifo.
Ukubhema
Ukubhema ugwayi kubangela ukulimala okukhulu emithini yangaphakathi yemithwalo yegazi emzimbeni wonke. Ukubhema kungenye yezinto ezilimazayo kakhulu ezilawulwayo zokulimala. Noma kunjalo, iqiniso elimangalisa kakhulu ukuthi umonakalo owenzelwe umzimba ngokubhema kancane kancane uphenduka uma ukuchayeka kokubhema kuphelile.
Izidakamizwa zokungcebeleka / ezingekho emthethweni
Izidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene zokuzijabulisa zingaveza izinguquko zomzimba emzimbeni oholela ekushayweni. I-Cocaine ne- methamphetamine kokubili yizinto ezinomlutha kakhulu eziholela ekushayweni. 'I-blood doping' yindlela ephikisana kakhulu futhi engekho emthethweni ukuthi abanye abadlali basebenzise ukuthola inzuzo engalungile kunabathengi; ukusetshenziswa okungekho emthethweni kwe-erythropoietin nakho kungandisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo.
Ukushintshwa kwama-Hormonal
Nakuba ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal esikhundleni, ikakhulukazi i- testosterone ne- estrogen , kuvame ukudingwa ukuze kugcinwe izinga elihle lokuphila, akuyona ingozi. Ama-hormonal substitutes aye ahloswe ngengozi yokuqina kwesifo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona idatha ephikisanayo phakathi kwezifundo ezimbalwa ezibonisa akukho noma ezinciphisa ingozi.
I-Cancer
I-Cancer ingakwandisa amathuba okuba nesifo sohlangothi futhi ingakwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, nezinkinga zokuqeda igazi-zonke izici ezingabangela ukushaywa yisifo.
Izwi elivela
Izingozi eziningi zakha isifo kancane kancane esikhathini esithile ngaphambi kokuba kuphazamiseke isifo esiphuthumayo. Futhi iningi labo linomthelela komunye nomunye.
Kodwa ezinye zalezi zingozi zengozi zikwazi ukuphathwa, ukulawulwa, noma ukuguqulwa. Ngakho ukuwachaza kuhamba isikhathi eside ekuvimbeleni ukushaywa yisifo.
> Imithombo:
Everson-Rose SA, Roetker NS Lutsey PL, Kershaw KN, Longstreth WT Jr, Sacco RL, Diez Roux AV, Alonso A, ukucindezeleka okungapheliyo, izimpawu ezicindezelayo, intukuthelo, inzondo, kanye nobungozi bokuhlaselwa kwesifo sokushaya isisu nokuhamba kwesikhathi eside emasimini amaningi- Ucwaningo lwamazwe we-atherosclerosis, Stroke, Agasti 2014
> Kim K, Lee JH., Izici ezinobungozi kanye nezidakamizwa zokushaywa ischemic in iziguli zomdlavuza, Journal of Stroke, Meyi 2014.
> Llibre-Guerra JC, Valhuerdi Cepero A, Fernández Concepción O, Llibre-Guerra JJ, Gutiérrez RF, Llibre-Rodriguez JJ, izigameko zeStroke kanye nezingozi ezise Havana naseMatanzas, Cuba, Neuralgia, Juni 2014 (Isifo sikashukela, i-HTN, Ukubhema) .
> Isigameko sabantu abanobudlova kanye nokuzibandakanya nezinkinga zobungozi kwabesifazane: ukulandelwa kweminyaka engu-32 kwe-Prospective Population Study of Women eG Gothenburg, Blomstrand A, Blomstrand C, Ariai N, Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, British Medical Journal, Okthoba 2014.