Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cancer Testicular
Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza lapho ukuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa khona njalo. Lezi zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezifana nebele, i-colon, i-prostate, ne-lung. Umuntu angabuza ukuthi kufanele yini ukuhlolwa kwesifo somdlavuza we-testicular kunokuba nje ulindele ukuthi lowo muntu abone inhlama noma ezinye izimpawu. Isizathu sokuhlola asizange siphishekele noma sinconywa singu-multifactorial.
Okokuqala, iningi lamagciwane e-testicular atholakala ekuqaleni kodwa ngaphandle kokuhlolwa. Ngenye into, ngisho nalapho umdlavuza we-testicular usakazeke, usaqhubeka uphulukiswa kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kungenziwa ngezindlela ezintathu ezihlukene: ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile (mhlawumbe ngumtholampilo noma ukuzihlola), ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngezikhathi ezithile ezibheke izimbangi ezithile ze-tumor eziqondene nomdlavuza we-testicular kanye / noma ngezikhathi ezithile ze-scrotal ultrasounds. Akekho kulezi eziye zafakazwa ukuthi zizuzisa ekunciphiseni ukufa (umdlalo wokubulala) kusuka emdlalweni we-testicular 1 , osuvele uphansi kakhulu, njengamacala angaphansi kwama-5%.
Ukuthuthukisa Ukusola
Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-testicular kwenziwa ngendlela eqondile. Okokuqala, kudinga ukusola umdlavuza we-testicular. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu uma othile ebona isisindo esingenabuhlungu kwenye ye-testis (okuyingxenye yezivivinyo, ngokuyisisekelo okufana ne-testicle) noma ukuvuvukala kwe-scrotal.
Ezinye izibonakaliso nezimpawu zingase zibe khona.
Ukuhlolwa Kwemitholampilo
Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo ngomtholampilo owaziwayo, oqeqeshiwe (udokotela, umsizi odokotela noma umhlengikazi) yisinyathelo esilandelayo ekuhloleni. Ukuhlolwa kwe-testicular kuzokwenziwa nge-palpating (ukuzwa) i-testis ngayinye phakathi kwesithupha kanye nezinombolo eziphikisayo.
Ukunakekelwa kuzothathwa ukuze kunqume ukuthi ukubola noma ukuvuvukala kungenxa yesibangela esibucayi njenge-hydrocele noma varicocele, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Uma ukusola kuphezulu, i-ultrasound yisinyathelo esilandelayo ekuxilongweni.
I-Ultrasound
I-ultrasound ye-scrotum iyinqubo yegolide yokuqinisekisa ngokucacile ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-testicular kulandela ukuhlolwa komtholampilo. Amadivaysi e-Ultrasound asebenzisa amagagasi omsindo aphezulu abuye atholakale futhi ahumushe ukuze adale izithombe zezinhlaka zangasese ezingaphansi. Akunamiphumela emibi eyaziwayo evela ku-ultrasound e-scrotal futhi ayikho imisebe esetshenziswayo. Uma ubukhulu buboniswa ku-testis okusolisayo ngomdlavuza we-testicular, ukuhlinzwa kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo.
Ukuhlinzwa
I-orchiectomy ekhululekile ukukhishwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-testis nomdlavuza osolwa. Ngokuvame ukuqhutshwa urologist oqeqeshiwe. I-biopsy yenaliti ayitholakali ngaphambili ngoba ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi lokhu kungathinta imfucuza yamanzi futhi kubangele umdlavuza usakaze emaphethini ahlukene. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, zonke izicubu zisusiwe, zithunyelwa ku-pathology ukuze zibuyekezwe futhi zixilongwe.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pathologic
Udokotela wesifo singumhlengikazi okhethekile oqeqeshwe ekuhloleni izicubu zezinhlangano ze-pathologic, kuhlanganise nomdlavuza.
Amathambo / amangqamuzana ahlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope enezici ezikhethekile. Lokhu yilapho ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-testicular kwenziwa ngokusemthethweni kanti ezinye izici ezibhekiswe ngaphandle. I-subtype yangempela yomdlavuza we-testicular itholakala ngalesi sikhathi ngesikhathi. Le nqubo ivame ukuthatha cishe izinsuku ezintathu kuye ngokuthi isikhungo.
Ukuhlola Ukusabalalisa I-Cancer
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngumdlavuza, kubalulekile ukuqedela isiteji ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging nokuhlolwa kwegazi kumaphrofayli omakhemikhali, ukubala okuphelele kwegazi, kanye namakhwala we- tumor. Isithwebuli se-CT senziwa ngesisu nangesikhumba ukuze kuhlolwe ngokuqondile uma umdlavuza usezikhungweni ze-lymph.
Ukucabangela kuvame ukuqhutshwa kwesifuba. Lokhu kungase kube nje i-x-ray elula noma kungenzeka ibe yi-CT scan, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona izimpawu zamapulmonary ezifana nokukhwehlela noma ukuphefumula.
Lokhu kuphetha inqubo yokuxilonga yomdlavuza we-testicular. Ngokuya ngesiteji nezinye izici, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kungabandakanya imithi ye- chemotherapy noma i- radiation .
> Imithombo:
1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.xlib1.intermountain.net/pubmed?term=21328302