Uma usola ukuthi usulelekile nge- gonorrhea , kubalulekile ukubona udokotela. Uzoqoqa isampula yomchamo noma ususe indawo okusolakala ukuthi unegciwane (isisu, i-urethra, noma umphimbo, isibonelo) futhi ufune ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa ngokusebenzisa isitshalo sebhaktheriya, ukugaya amagremu, noma ukuhlolwa kofuzo . Uma ungeke ukwazi ukubona udokotela, noma ukhetha ukusingatha lokhu ngasese, kunamakhitshi okuvumela ukuba uzihlole ngokwakho kusuka ekhaya.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-gonorrhea ivame ukuvela ngaphandle kwempawu, abantu abasengozini yokwehliswa kwengqondo bangacelwa ukuthi bafune ukuhlolwa kwalokhu nezinye izifo ze-STD, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bazizwa kahle kangakanani.
Ama-Labs nezivivinyo
Kunezivivinyo ezintathu ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-gonorrhea, ngayinye yayo inezinzuzo zayo nokulinganiselwa kwayo. Ngaphandle kwegram-staining kanye namasiko amabhaktheriya, ubuchwepheshe obusha, okuthiwa i- nucleic acid test amplification (NAAT) , ingahlinzeka ngobufakazi bokufufusa.
I-Nucleic Amplification Test (NAAT)
I-NAAT yindlela yokuhlola izakhi zofuzo ezakhiwe ngo-1993. Yindlela ephakanyisiwe yokuhlola i-gonorrhea ye-urinary nesisu ngokobulili ngenxa yejubane layo kanye nokunemba kwayo.
Esikhundleni sokubheka amabhaktheriya ngokwawo, i-NAAT ibonisa izakhi zofuzo ezihlukile ku- N . gonorrhoeae . Ukwenza kanjalo ngokuthola ama-DNA we-bacterium e-sampuli noma umsizi wesisu, umlomo wesibeletho noma urethra (emadodeni). Ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-thermocycling, izinhlamvu ziphindwe kabili kuze kube yilapho kunamakhophi ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane.
Ngokuhlinzeka ngezindlela zofuzo zokutheleleka, i-NAAT ingaletha imiphumela enembile ngaphakathi kwamahora ambalwa. Ungalindela ukuthola imiphumela yakho yokuhlola ezinsukwini ezimbili ukuya kwezintathu.
Ngenkathi iCentral for the Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) incoma ukuthi i-NAAT isetshenziselwe ukuxilonga izifo ze-gonorrheal ze-rectum ne-throat, i-Food and Drug Administration ayikakamukeli ukuhlolwa kokusetshenziswa okunjalo.
Amasiko amabhaktheriya
Isiko lama-bacterium singasebenza kakhulu ekuhloleni i-gonorrhea yezinhlobo zomzimba, i-rectum, amehlo, noma umphimbo. Ngemuva kokuthatha i-swab yesayithi elisolakala, amasethini aqoqwe azofakwa kwento ehloselwe ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwe- N . gonorrhoeae . Uma kukhona ukukhula, ukuhlolwa kulungile. Uma kungekho ukukhula, ukuhlolwa akubi.
Isiko singasetshenziselwa ukunquma ukuthi i- bacterium imelana nanoma yimiphi imithi elwa namagciwane. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuthi ufunde lapho umuthi uhluleka ukwesula ukutheleleka noma kukhona ukutheleleka kwe-gonococcal (DGI), isifo esiyinkimbinkimbi lapho amabhaktheriya asakaze khona ngegazi ukuya ezithombeni eziningi.
Ngenkathi isiko singanikeza ubufakazi obucacile bokutheleleka, ukuhlolwa kungadala uma ngabe i-swab ingathathwa kahle. (I-swab ye-gonorrheal idinga kokubili amangqamuzana e-mucosal nokuchithwa okusakazekayo.) Isiko se-baktheriya sinokushisa okushisa futhi kungabi nempumelelo encane uma kukhona amaphutha ekusingatheni, ekugcineni, ekufakweni, noma ekuqhutshweni kwesampula.
Ngokuvamile, kungathatha izinsuku eziyisihlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa ukuthola imiphumela yenkambiso yakho yebhaktheriya.
I-Gram Staining
Ukugaya i-Gram kuyindlela lapho kusetshenziswa khona ama-dyes akhethekile ukuze adle izindonga zamabhaktheriya ukuze ahlukaniswe futhi ahlonishwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
Ukugaya i-Gram kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuthola ukutheleleka kwe-gonorrheal kumadoda. Kuvame ukuqhutshwa ngokuthola i-swab evela ku-urethra kanye nesampula "sokubamba kuqala" lomchamo. ("Ukubanjwa kokuqala" kuyindlela yokuguqulwa okulondolozwe okungenani ihora ngaphambi kokuqoqwa futhi kuphela i-20 kuya ku-30 ​​milliliters yomchamo eqoqwe kusukela ekugezeni.)
Ukuhlukumeza i-gram, kunembile kakhulu kunabesifazane ngoba ukuhlushwa kwe- N. gonorrhoeae kuvame ukusabalalisa futhi kuphutha kalula ngamanye amabhaktheriya angokwemvelo ngaphakathi kwesifazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba i-gram stain ine-sensibility ephansi, umphumela omubi kumadoda angenasifo angeke uthathwe njengokucacile.
Kuzo zombili izimo, ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kuzodingeka.
Ngokuvamile, kufanele ulindele ukuthola imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwegrimu ezinsukwini ezimbili ukuya kwezintathu.
Ukuhlonza okuhlukile
Nakuba izimpawu ezithile ze-gonorrhea zingase zibonakale ziqinile kuwe (njenge-milky discharge kusuka penis), kungase kube nezinye izimbangela lapho udokotela efuna ukukuhlola okunezici ezifanayo ngokuphawulekayo. Lokhu kufaka:
- Izifo ezithinta u-Urinary
- I-Herpes simplex urethritis
- I-Vaginitis
- I-bacterial vaginosis
- Ama-hemorrhoids angaphakathi
- I-Epididymitis
- I-cervicitis enomsoco
- I-conjunctivitis ye-bacterium
- I-Orchitis
Ukuhlola Ukuhlola / Ukuhlolwa Kwekhaya
Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuke uvezwe ku-gonorrhea, ungase ufune izimpawu nezimpawu ngaphambi kokufuna ukuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi akenzi njalo futhi, uma bekwenza, bangaphutha kalula ngokukhathazeka okunye. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa noma ukubeka ingqondo yakho kalula.
Ukuhlambalaza, ukuhlazeka, nokwesaba ukudalulwa yizizathu ezithile zokuthi abanye abantu bagweme ukuhlolelwa ama-STD. Eqinisweni, ngokusho kombiko we-CDC, ama-STD angatholakali abangela ukungabi nabantwana kuma-American angaphezu kuka-20 000 ngonyaka.
Kulokhu, inani elikhulayo labagqugquzeli bezezempilo zomphakathi liye lavuma ukusetshenziswa kwezivivinyo ze-STD ekhaya, okunikeza abathengi amandla okuzimela nokuyimfihlo abayifunayo.
Amakethi asekhaya adumile kakhulu okudayiswa nge-gonorrhea adinga ukuba uqoqe amasampula e-swab kanye / noma umchamo ekhaya bese uwathumela ebhodini lokuhlaziywa. Wena-ke ungene ngemvume kwiwebhusayithi ephephile ukuze uthole imiphumela yakho ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu zebhizinisi.
Naphezu kwesicelo sokuhlolwa ekhaya, kunezinkinga eziningi. Ukuqoqa amasampula kuvame kube nzima kunokuba abakhiqizi bakhombise, futhi iphutha lomsebenzisi ligcwele. Iningi lezinkampani azicaci uhlobo lwazo izivivinyo abazihlinzekayo noma ngokunemba kwazo (njengoba kulinganiswa ukuzwela / okucacile). Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zamakethi zingavunyelwa, ziqale ngo-R10 90 ngesifo esisodwa se-STD futhi ngaphezu kuka-$ 300 kwiskrini esiphezulu se-STD.
Isivivinyo esisodwa ukugwema ngenkuthalo isigaba sokuhlola se-gonorrhea esheshayo. Ngenkathi izivivinyo ezisemkhatsini neziketshezi zikwazi ukuletha imiphumela kungakapheli imizuzu engu-15, zinikeza uzwela ngamaphesenti angama-60 kuphela kumaphesenti angu-70-okusho ukuthi izivivinyo eziningi eziyisihlanu zizobuyisela umphumela ongamanga.
Uma Uhlola Okuhle
Uma umphumela omuhle we-gonorrhea wamukelwa, kufanele kwenziwe ucwaningo olunzulu lwe-STD, kuhlanganise i-chlamydia, i-syphilis, i-trichomoniasis ne-HIV. Ukutheleleka kwe-co-infected kuvamile phakathi kwalezi zifo, kanti abanye, njenge-HIV, bayakwazi ukuqala ukutheleleka uma omunye ekhona. Uma usebenzise ukuhlolwa kwekhaya, ukufuna ukuhlolwa okungeziwe kudokotela kuneluleka.
Kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi uxhumane nabalingani bakho bobulili ukuze ubazise ukuthi uhlolwe futhi ukhuthaze ukuthi bahlolwe (futhi baphathwe, uma kudingeka).
Uma ukwelashwa sekuphelile, ukuhlolwa okulandelwayo akudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kusuliwe uma nje kusetshenziswa ama-antibiotic anconyiwe. Kodwa-ke, uma unikezwa amazinga aphezulu okuvuselelwa kabusha, udokotela wakho angacela ukuthi uphinde ulandelwe ezinyangeni ezintathu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ozakwethu baphathwe noma cha.
Izincomo zokuhlola
I-Gonorrhea yi-STD yesibili ejwayelekile kunazo zonke e-United States, ibhalela ukutheleleka kuka-800 000 unyaka ngamunye. Kuze kube sekugcineni, i-US Preventive Services Task Force incoma ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-gonorrhea namanye ama-STD avamile kuyenziwa kubantu engozini enkulu yokwehliswa kanye / noma izifo zokugula.
Phakathi kwezincomo:
- I-gonorrhea ne-chlamydia kufanele ihlolwe kuwo wonke abesifazane abesilisa ocansini abesengozini enkulu yokungena.
- I-gonorrhea kanye ne-chlamydia kumele ihlolwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abasengozini enkulu.
- I-syphilis, i-hepatitis B, ne-HIV kufanele ihlolwe kubo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe.
- I-syphilis, i-hepatitis B, ne-HIV kufanele ihlolwe kumadoda noma abesifazane abeneengozini enkulu.
- Ukuhlolelwa i-HIV kufanele kwenziwe njengengxenye yokuvakasha kukadokotela wohlelo lwabo bonke abantu abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-65.
Uzobhekwa njengengozi eyengeziwe uma uke wahlanganyela nabalingani abaningi bezocansi kanye / noma wenze ubulili obungavimbelwe (kubandakanya ubulili bomlomo ). Ngisho noma ukuchayeka kwenzeka eminyakeni edlule, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa. Uma unegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, uzoqhubeka usakazekile kuze kube yilapho uphathwe futhi ungase ulethe ukutheleleka ebuhlotsheni obusha ngaphandle kokwazi.
Ukuze uthole indawo yokuhlola eduze kwakho, vakashela indawo ye-locator ye-CDC. Imitholampilo eminingi ebalulwe inikeza ukuhlolwa okuyimfihlo okungabizi noma okungekho izindleko kubahlali abaqeqeshiwe.
Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. I-CDC Fact Sheets: Ama-STD abikiwe e-United States, ngo-2016 - Ukunyatheliswa okuphezulu kwe-STD Okusongela Izigidi Zamamerika. I-Atlanta, Georgia; ikhishwe ngo-September 2017.
> CDC. 2015 Izifo Zesifo Sokuziphatha Ngocansi: Izifo Zokwelashwa: Izifo ZamaGonococcal. Ikhishwe ngo-June 4, 2015; ibuyekeziwe ngoJanuwari 4, 2018.
> Lee, K .; Ngo-Metzger, Q .; U-Wolff, u-T. et al. Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi: Izincomo ezivela e-US Preventive Services Task Force. Am Fam Physician. 2016; 94 (11): 907-915.
> Workowski, K .; I-Bolan, G .; Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. Imihlahlandlela yokwelapha yezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, 2015. I- MMWR Incomo Rep . 2015; 2015; 64 (33): 924.