Kukhona isithakazelo esikhulayo ekusetshenzisweni kwe-nanotechnology kanye nezidakamizwa emithi. Izinzwa ezingenasidingo ezingenakonakala ezikala izimpawu ezibalulekile, kanye namadivaysi angenakusiza enza izinqubo zikhululeke kakhulu, manje ziyahamba ngokujwayelekile. Enye indawo ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa kwe-nanotechnology ukuthuthukisa ama-nanoparticles angaphatha imithi futhi ahlose amaseli noma izicubu ezithile.
Le nano "i-drones" engenazo izinto ezibonakalayo inamandla amakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukene zemithi. Sebevele baqaliswa ekuvuthweni kwe-oncology futhi basetshenziselwa ukubuthakathaka ukuzivikela kwe-tumor-cell kumamodeli wegundane. Ngonyaka wezi-2015, ochwepheshe bezinhliziyo zenhliziyo basebenzisa nanotechnology ukuletha izidakamizwa nokulungisa imishanguzo , ukuvula indlela yokuphefumula i-atherosclerosis ngendlela yombhalo, mhlawumbe ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo nokushaya.
Ukusebenzisa i-nanotechnology ukuxazulula ukuvutha
Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngezilwane zezilwane, olushicilelwe eSayensi Yezinguquko ZeSayensi , lwabikwa ukuthi ama-drones angama-nano angasebenza ngempumelelo ekuhleleni kabusha i-plaque atherosclerotic, okwenza lo mdwebo uphumelele futhi ungabi nhlobo amathuba okuphuka futhi ube yi-clot yegazi engase ibulale. Abacwaningi abavela eHarvard Medical School, uBrigham kanye neSibhedlela Sabantu Abesifazane kanye ne-Columbia University baklanyelwe ama-nanomedicines okwakhiwa ukuba athathe izinto eziphikisanayo ngqo nesayithi elihlosiwe.
Ukungabi nokuxazulula ukuvuvukala kuyimbangela enkulu ekuthuthukeni kwezilonda ze-atherosclerotic.
Uma usebenzisa i-nano drones eyayinezinto zokwelashwa ezenziwe emaprotheni omzimba omelene nokuvuvukala i-annexin A1, ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo kutholakale kumagundane ane-atherosclerosis ephezulu. Akukona nje ukuvuvukala kuncishisiwe, imishanguzo yamagundane nayo yalungiswa, ingxenye yokwelashwa okungafani nale ndlela yokwelapha entsha.
Ukulungisa imishanguzo ye-coronary eyonakele ingabaluleka kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo futhi kungase futhi ibenqande inani labantu abafayo ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis, okwamanje iyimbangela ehamba phambili yokugula nokufa e-United States. Kuye kwacatshangwa ukuthi inqubo entsha kufanele ihlelwe kahle futhi ihlolwe kubantu, inikeze indlela ejabulisayo yokwelapha ukuvuvukala ngokulethwa okuhlosiwe, okutholakala kwendawo ye-peptides.
Abacwaningi abavela eWeldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, bachaze enye indlela yokuphumelela ekwelapheni ukuvuvukala ngokusebenzisa i-nanotechnology. Bakha uhlelo lwe-nanoparticle olubopha i-collagen olungasetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo se-artificial peripheral. Le ndlela entsha isebenzisa i-nanoparticles eboshwe ku-collagen futhi ikhulule ama-peptide aphikisayo. Lezi nanoparticles nazo zinganciphisa ukuvuvukala, kanye nokugqugquzela ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu ezimele.
Ukulungiswa Kwelinxephezelo Nge-Nanoparticles
Ukulungiswa kwesilonda kungenye indawo yokwelashwa lapho ama-nanoparticles angasetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo ukuze kusetshenziswe inqubo yokuphulukisa ejwayelekile. UGiovanna Leoni kanye nozakwabo e-Emory University basebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlelwa kwe-nanoparticles equkethe amaprotheni e-annexin A1 emzimbeni we-mucosa emathunjini.
Ukulimala okungapheli kwe-mucosal kuyisici sezimiso eziningi zokuvuvukala kwamathumbu, kuhlanganise nesifo sochungechunge nesifo se-Crohn's esihlasela abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.6 baseMelika. Ukucwaninga kwakamuva kwamagundane kubonise ukuthi ukulethwa okuhlosiwe kwezidakamizwa eziphikisayo kuthuthukisa inqubo yokuphulukisa kwezicubu ezimele futhi kukhuthaza ukulungiswa kwesilonda se-epithelial. Esihlokweni sabo, eshicilelwe kuyi- Journal of Clinical Investigation , abalobi basikisela ukuthi ukuhanjiswa kwendawo kwamapepptide ahlanganiswe ngaphakathi kwe-nanoparticles kungaba yindlela entsha yokwelapha yabantu abahlukunyezwa yisifo sofuba (IBD).
Kubuye kube nesithakazelo ekuthuthukiseni nanoparticles yemvelo engasiza ukuphatha izimo ezifana ne-IBD. I-nanoparticle etholakala ginger ezidliwayo yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekutadisheni okuholwa nguMingZheng Zhang waseGeorge State University, e-Atlanta. I-nanoparticles yemvelo ingase ikwazi ukunciphisa ubunzima obuhlobene nokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali wokwenziwa.
I-Nanomesh Ukugqoka Amanxeba Okungapheli
Okunye ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwe-nanotechnology kuboniswe nguMartina Abrigo kanye neqembu lakhe labacwaningi e-Swinburne University of Technology e-Australia. U-Abrigo uhlola izinhlelo zangaphandle zezinhlayiyana ezincane ukuphatha amanxeba angenwa amagciwane. Wakha i-mesh evela emafayeleni e-electrospun polystyrene aklanyelwe ukuheha amabhaktheriya avela esilonda. I-nanomesh inikeza izimo ezikhulayo ezikhulayo zebhaktheriya ezinjengeStaphylococcus Aureus no-Escherichia Coli , ngakho-ke badonseleka emgodini, bese kusale isilonda sihlanzekile. Ukusabela kwamagciwane kumashes of fiber diameter ahlukahlukene kwahlolwa ngokuhlanganiswa kokuskena i-electron microscopy kanye ne-microscopy ye-confocal.
Ama-bacteria ayekhangwa ngokukhethekile emagqumeni ayeba cishe ubukhulu obufanayo nawo. Imiphumela, eshicilelwe ku- ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces , iphakamisa ukuthi ama-nanofibers we-electrospinning angase abe indlela entsha yokulawula amanxeba aphethwe amagciwane ajwayelekile. Kuze kube manje, ososayensi baye bahlola kuphela i-vitro experiments kanye nezivivinyo ezihlotshaniswa nezicubu zesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, kulindeleke ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, ukuhlolwa okufanayo kuzokwenziwa ngezicubu eziphilayo ukuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani le ndlela entsha. Izifundo zase-vivo zenziwe kakade nezinye izinhlobo ze-nanoparticle ukugqoka izilonda, isibonelo, ama-nanoparticles esiliva anempumelelo ethile.
> Imithombo:
> Abrigo M, Kingshott P, McArthur S. Electrospun polystyrene i-fibre diameter ethonya ukunamathiswa kwebhaktheriya, ukwanda kanye nokukhula. I-ACS Imishini Yokusebenza Ne-Interfaces , 2015; 7 (14): 7644-7652.
> Fredman G, Spolitu S, Perretti M, et al. I-nanoparticles ehloswe equkethe i-peptide ephuthumayo i-Ac2-26 ivikela ngokumelene ne-atherosclerosis ephakeme emagundeni we-hypercholesterolemic. I-Science Translational Medicine , 2015; 7 (275).
> Leoni G, Neumann P, Reutelingsperger C, et al. I-Annexin A1'ama-vesicle e-extracellular ne-nanoparticles e-polymeric akhuthaza ukulungiswa kwesilonda se-epithelial. Journal of Investigation Clinic , 2015; 125 (3): 1215-1227.
> McMasters J, I-Panitch A. Isihloko esiphelele: Ama-nanoparticles okubopha i-collagen ye-extracellular anti-inflammatory delivery delivery (peptide anti-inflammatory delivery activation), akhuthaza ukufuduka kwe-plateletlial, nokuvimbela ukuvuvukala. I-Acta Biomaterialia , 2017; 49: 78-88.
> Zhang M, Viennois E, Merlin D, et al. I-nanoparticles etholakala nge-ginger-etholakalayo: Indlela yokwelapha enomlando yokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwesifo sofuba nesifo somdlavuza ohambisana nayo. Ama-Biomaterials , ngo-2016; 101: 321-340.