Uma unomshuwalense wombono, cishe uye waphawula ukuthi uhlelo lwakho luhlanganisa "ukuchithwa." Ukugxeka kuyisimo sokuthi ama-optometrists kanye nama-ophthalmologists basebenzisa ukukala iphutha lomuntu lokubuyisa. iphutha lokuphikisa lapho iso lakho lingagubeli ukukhanya efika iso lakho ngendlela efanele njengoba lidlula i-cornea, i-lens crystalline kanye nemidiya ehlunga amanzi ukuze igxile ngokucacile, ecacile kwi-retina yakho.
Isivivinyo sokuqhaqhazela sizotshela optometrist noma ophthalmologist ukuthi yimuphi umshwalense we-lens oyidingayo ukuze ube nombono ovamile we-20/20.
"Omunye noma ababili?"
Abantu abaningi abaye babhekwa ukuhlolwa kwamehlo bakhumbula ukukhishwa njengengxenye yocwaningo lapho udokotela ebuza khona, "Yimuphi umlingo ocacile noma lensiza engcono eyodwa noma i-lens amabili, noma ingabe ivela ngokufanayo? Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha noma udokotela kuzosusa umbono wakho usebenzisa umdwebo , idivaysi equkethe amakhulu ezinhlanganisela zama-lens, ukucacisa noma yikuphi iphutha lokuziphendulela elinjengebuzwe obuseduze , ukubhekwa phambili , i- astigmatism , noma i- presbyopia .
Ezinye izindlela zokwehliswa
Izindlela eziningana zingasetshenziswa ukukala ukuchithwa noma iphutha lokucubungula. Lezi zindlela ngezinye izikhathi zisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa okulinganiselwe noma ukulinganisa okubili noma kokubili kuye ngokuthi lokho udokotela akufunayo. Ngamunye uhlinzeka ngolwazi oluhlukile kudokotela ukuze kwenziwe ilungiselelo elingcono ukulungisa iphutha lokucubungula ngezibuko zamehlo, amalensi oxhumana nabo, ukwelapha okukhipha amakhemikhali noma ukuhlinzwa okuqhubekayo.
- I-Retinoscopy - I-Retinoscopy iyindlela eyinhloko esetshenziselwa odokotela bamehlo nabachwepheshe ukuze banqume iphutha lakho lokubuyisa kanye nemithi yakho yezilingo zokulungisa amalensi. I-Retinoscopy ibhekwa njengendlela "yemigomo" ngoba izilinganiso zitholakala ngaphandle kokuxhumana noma ulwazi oluthile oluvela kwisiguli. Igama elithi retinoscopy ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "ukuhlolwa kwe-retina." Ngokusebenzisa i-retinoscopy, udokotela wakho wezandla anganquma ukuthi ubukhona nezinga le-myopia, i-hyperopia, noma i- emmetropia . Odokotela basebenzisa i-retinoscope ukwenza i-retinoscopy. I-retinoscope idivayisi egcinwe ngesandla futhi ithuluzi eliyigugu kakhulu odokotela abaningi bamehlo.
- I-Autorefraction - I-refraction nayo ingalinganiswa besebenzisa i-autorefractor. I-autorefractor iyisitoreji sethebula esisebenzisa imisebe yokukhanya kanye nekhomputha ukuze ihlolwe ukuthi ukukhanya kukhishwa kanjani ngeso lakho. Odokotela abaningi bamehlo basebenzisa i-autorefractor ngokujwayelekile ukuba bahlakulele iphuzu lokuqala ukuze baqhathanise ne-retinoscopy noma i-phoropter refraction.
- Ukuguqulwa kwe-Wavefront - Ukuguqulwa kwe-Wavefront isebenzisa i-abberrometer ukukala izinkinga eziphakeme zokulandelana kwe-system optical system. I-abberrometer ikhiqiza ibalazwe elibhekwa ngokuthi "i-fingerprint" ye-iso "iso" ngoba lihlukile futhi alifani nanoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo lwama-optical. Ngokungafani nezilinganiso zendabuko zendabuko, ezidinga okokufaka okuvela kwisiguli, i-aberrometer ithatha imizuzwana kuphela ukuthola izilinganiso futhi ayidingi ukufakwa kwesiguli. Nakuba kuyindlela ephakeme yokukala iphutha lomuntu lokuphika, asikaze sithole indlela enhle yokubeka impela imiphumela. Abakhiqizi abatholanga indlela yokufaka ukukhishwa kwesibhamu sokungena phambili kuma-eyeglass nama-lens oxhumana nabo okwamanje.
- Ukuphikisana okubonakalayo - Ukuphikiswa okubonakalayo kuyindlela eningi kunazo zonke yokulinganisa iphutha lokuziphendulela lomuntu. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngokuvamile kuvame ukuyingxenye lapho isiguli siboniswa khona ukukhetha futhi sihilelekile kule nqubo. Ibizwa ngokuthi yi-manifest ngoba isilinganiso se-refraction ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi amaconsi asehlotsheni noma noma yini enye engashintsha isilinganiso. Kuyinto isilinganiso njengoba isiguli empilweni yangempela. Ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-phoropter yendabuko noma umdwebo othomathikhi. I-phoropter e-othomathikhi isalokhu ilawulwa udokotela kodwa ngokuvamile uvame futhi zonke izivivinyo ziqhutshwa ikhompyutha.
- Ukukhishwa kwe-Cycloplegic - Ukuchithwa kwe-cycloplegic kuyinkqubo esetshenziselwa ukunquma iphutha lomuntu lokuphambana ngokuphazamisa okwesikhashana imisipha esiza ekugxileni iso. Amaconsi e-cycloplegic asetshenziselwa ukukhubazeka okwesikhashana noma ukuphumula umzimba we-ciliary, noma ukugxila kumisipha, kwamehlo. Ukukhishwa kwe-Cycloplegic ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola umbono wabantwana kanye nabantu abadala abancane abavame ukungena noma ukugxila amehlo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kweso , okwenza imiphumela ingavumelekile. Ukukhishwa kwe-cycloplegic kuyenziwa njengengxenye yokulungiswa kombono noma ukubonisana kwe-LASIK ukunquma iphutha eliphelele lokuziphendulela ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuhlinzwa kwe-laser eye.
> Umthombo:
> I-Eye Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health. Amaphuzu Ngeziphambeko Zokubheka, Oct 2010.