Ukubuyiswa kwe-Mitral (MR) , i- valve mitral "evulekile", iyisifo esivamile kakhulu se-valve senhliziyo. Abanye abantu abaneMM kaningi abanalo izimpawu, futhi bangakwazi ukuhlala bezinzile iminyaka eminingi futhi kaningi ngenxa yokuphila kwabo bonke. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu MR ekugcineni baveza ukunciphisa kwenhliziyo, kanye nemiphumela yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo . Ezimweni ezinjalo ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kungase kungabuyiselwa.
Iqhinga lokuvimbela ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo noMM ukubona isikhathi lapho inhliziyo iqala ukukhokha, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu zenhliziyo .
Ngakho-ke uma uneMR kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolisise njalo nodokotela wakho ukuze anqume ukuthi uM MR wakho ulingani, futhi ubone ukuthi isimo sakho sizinzile noma ngabe siyaqhubeka yini. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi "isiteji" MR.
Ukunquma isigaba sikaM MR kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi ungadinga yini ukwelashwa okuhlinzayo, futhi, kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthola isikhathi esifanele sokuthola ukwelashwa uma udinga.
Izinyathelo ze-Chronic Mitral Regurgitation
I-cardiologists ihlukanisa i-MR engapheli zibe "izigaba" ezintathu. Ukunquma isigaba somnumzane wakho kusiza isifo senhliziyo yakho ukuba sinqume ukuthi noma nini ukuhlinzeka nge-valve operation.
Isigaba Esikhokhelwa. Esigabeni sokukhokhelwa sikaM MR, inhliziyo nenqubo yezinhliziyo ziye "zishintsha" emzimbeni owengeziwe owenziwe kwi-ventricle kwesokunxele nge-valve ewonakele.
Inhliziyo iyancipha ngokukhulisa okuthile, kodwa imisipha yenhliziyo ehlanjululwayo isebenza ngendlela evamile. Abantu abakhokha imali kaM MR ngokuvamile babika izimpawu, nakuba amandla abo okusebenza ngokuvamile ayenciphisa uma kuhlolwa ukucindezeleka . Iziguli eziningi ezinomzimba omncane, ongenakulinganiswa, zihlala esigabeni esiphezulu kuzo zonke izimpilo zabo.
Isigaba Sokuguquguquka. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingacacile, abanye abantu abaneM MR bazobe "batjhuguluke" kancane kancane kusukela ekukhokhweni kwesimo esikhokhelwayo. Okufanelekile, ukuhlinzekwa kokulungisa i-valve kufanele kwenziwe phakathi nalesi sigaba sesiguquko, lapho ingozi yokuhlinzwa iphansi futhi imiphumela ibukeka kahle.
Esikhathini sesiteji sendawo inhliziyo iqala ukukhulisa, ukucindezeleka kwenhliziyo kuphakama, kanti inqamuzana ye-ejection iyawa. Ngenkathi iziguli kulesi sigaba zingase zibike izimpawu ze- dyspnea nokubekezela kokuvivinya umzimba, abaningi abakuboni izimpawu ezimbi kuze kube yilapho uMnu wabo eqhubekela phambili esigabeni sesithathu. Lokhu kuyinkinga, ngoba ukubambezeleka kokuhlinzwa kuze kube yilapho isigaba esikhokhelwayo singase sibe nomphumela omubi.
Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi uma kutholakala i-fibrillation ye-inrial phambi kukaM MR, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlotshaniswa nokuhlenga kwe-atrium kwesokunxele, lelo qiniso linye kufanele libonise ukuthi isigaba sesiguquko sifikile, ngakho-ke, ukuthi ukuhlinzekwa ukulungisa i-valve kufanele kube okungenani kucatshangelwa.
Isiteji se-Decompensated. Iziguli esiteshini esikhokhelwa cishe zihlala zinezinhliziyo ezinkulu, kanye nezibonakaliso ezibalulekile zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Uma isiteji esiphenduliwe senzekile, ukulimala (ukulimala emisipha yenhliziyo) kukhona, futhi kuzohlala kukhona ngisho noma i-valve mitral ilungiswa.
Ngakho ukuhlinzekwa kwe-valve ukulungiswa kuba yingozi kakhulu, futhi akunakwenzeka ukukhiqiza umphumela owamukelekayo.
Ukubaluleka koMsakazo weMingcele
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubamba "isiteji sesiguquko sakwaM MR ngaphambi kokuba siqhubekele esiteji esikhokhelwayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uma unomama kudingeka ube nokuqapha kwezempilo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kubalulekile ukuba udokotela wakho ahlole ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha ongase uzibonele ngenxa kaMasipala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama- echocardiograms ngezikhathi ezithile adingekayo ukusiza udokotela wakho ukuba ahlole isimo se-mitral valve yakho namakamelo enhliziyo.
Uma uneMM, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi udokotela wakho wenza lokhu kuqapha okufanele - futhi wena ngokwakho kudingeka ukhokhe ngokucophelela kunoma yiziphi izimpawu zokuphefumula, noma ikhono elincishisiwe lokuzikhandla.
Imithombo:
Bonow, RO, Carabello, BA, Chatterjee, K, et al. Ukubuyekezwa okugxilwe ngo-2008 okufakwe emithethweni ye-ACC / AHA 2006 yokuphathwa kweziguli ezine-valvular isifo senhliziyo: umbiko we-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Iziqondiso Zokuzikhandla (IKomidi Yokubhala Ukubuyekeza Izeluleko Zika-1998 Zokuphathwa Iziguli ezine-Valvular Heart Disease): zamukelwa yiNhlangano Yezinhliziyo Zezinhliziyo Ze-Anesthesiologists, i-Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, kanye neNhlangano Yezifo Ezihlinzeka Ngama-Thoracic. Ukujikeleza ngo-2008; 118: e523.
I-Vahanian, A, i-Baumgartner, H, i-Bax, i-J, ne-al. Imihlahlandlela yokuphathwa kwesifo senhliziyo ye-valvular: I-Task Force ekuphathweni kwe-Valvular Heart Disease ye-European Society of Cardiology. I-Eur Heart J 2007; 28: 230.