Amaminithi Namahora Okuqala Ayingqayizivele Yokusinda Ukuhlaselwa Inhliziyo
Kunezizathu ezimbili ezinhle kakhulu okufanele uzi ukuthi ungasinda kanjani ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo. Okokuqala, izingqinamba ziphezulu kakhulu ukuthi wena noma umuntu omthandayo uyobhekana nesifo senhliziyo ngesikhathi sakho sokuphila. Futhi okwesibili, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usaphila lokho kuhlasela kwenhliziyo kungase kuxhomeke kulokho wena nodokotela bakho abakwenzayo ngakho ngamahora ambalwa okuqala.
Kuyini Ukuhlaselwa Inhliziyo?
Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo, okubizwa nangokuthi i- infarction ye-myocardial (MI) , kuyindlela enzima kakhulu ye- acon coronary syndrome (ACS) .
Njengazo zonke izinhlobo ze-ACS, ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuqubuka kwe- plaque ye- atherosclerotic ngaphakathi komthambo we-coronary ( umthambo ohlinzeka umoya-mpilo kumisipha yenhliziyo). Lokhu kuphulwa kwe-plaque kubangela ukuthi i-clot yegazi ifake, eholele ekuvinjweni komthambo. Imisipha yenhliziyo ehlinzekwa ngumthamo ovimbekile uqala ukufa. ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kuyatholakala uma kukhona ukufa kwengxenye yesisu senhliziyo.
Ziyini Imiphumela Zokuhlasela Kwezinhliziyo?
Ngokwezinga elikhulu, umphumela wokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kuxhomeke ekutheni inhlanzi yezinhliziyo ifa kanjani. Umthamo we-muscle wenhliziyo oshona uhlotshaniswa nokuthi yisiphi umthambo we-coronary ovinjiwe, lapho kutholakala khona umcibisholo wokuvimbela, futhi (mhlawumbe okubaluleke kakhulu) isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuba umthamo uvuleke ngokuhlinzwa. Ukuvinjwa eduze nomsuka wethriba kuzothinta inhlitiyo yenhliziyo engaphezu kokuvinjelwa ngaphezulu kwe-artery. Ukuvinjelwa okuqhubekayo amahora amahlanu noma ayisithupha kuzokwenza ukuthi ukufa komzimba kube nzima kakhulu kunokuba kuvinjelwe phakathi kwamahora amabili noma amathathu.
Uma inani lomonakalo wemisipha yenhliziyo likhulu, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi iMI ngokwalo, okuyinto isimo esiyingozi kakhulu. Uma inani lomonakalo we-muscle yenhliziyo libi kakhulu kodwa nokho liphawulekayo, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kungakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma ukuphatha kabi ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo uma kukhula kahle, kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu sokuphatha ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kungabuye kuveze i- arrhythmias yenhliziyo eyingozi. Ngesikhathi i-MI ewodwa, ukungazinzi kagesi kwenzeka okungabangela i- ventricular tachycardia (VT) kanye ne- fibrication ye-ventricular (VF) . Kamuva, izicubu ezibomvu ezibangelwa inqubo yokuphulukisa zingabangela ukungahlali kagesi okungapheli. Ngakho-ke, ngeshwa, ukuboshwa komzimba kanye nokufa okungazelelwe kuyingozi ezikhona kokubili ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kwenhliziyo, futhi (ngezinga elithile) ngemuva kokuthola ngokugcwele.
Kungani Imizuzu Yokuqala Ye-Attack Inhliziyo Eyingqayizivele?
Noma ubani onesifo senhliziyo, ukuthola ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu ngezizathu ezimbili:
- Iningi lokuboshwa kwenhliziyo elibonile ngokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo elibi kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamahora ambalwa okuqala. Uma ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kwenzeka ngemva kokuba isisulu sokuhlasela inhliziyo sifinyelele esibhedlela, kunethuba elihle kakhulu elingaphathwa ngempumelelo; uma kungenjalo izimpikiswano zokusindiswa komzimba ziphansi kakhulu.
- Kokubili imiphumela yesikhashana kanye nemiphumela yesikhathi eside yesikhuhlane senhliziyo ngokuyinhloko inqunywa ukuthi ubuningi bezinhlanzi zenhliziyo ziyafa. Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo nokunonya, umthamo ovinjelwe ngokuvamile uvulwe ngokushesha, ngaleyo ndlela igcina iningi lezinhlanzi zenhliziyo ezisengozini yokufa. Uma ukwelashwa kunikezwa zingakapheli amahora amathathu noma amane, umonakalo omkhulu wamasipha ungagwenywa. Kodwa uma ukwelashwa kubambezeleka ngaphezu kwamahora amahlanu noma ayisithupha, inani lemisipha yenhliziyo elingasindiswa liyehla kakhulu. Ngemuva kwamahora angu-12, umonakalo ngokuvamile awunakuguqulwa.
Uma Ucabanga ukuthi Ungase Uhlaselwe Inhliziyo
Ukuthola ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okusheshayo nokufanele kudinga ukuthi izinto ezimbili zenzeke. Okokuqala , kudinga ukuba wazi izibonakaliso zesifo senhliziyo, futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha lapho ucabanga ukuthi ungase ube neyodwa. Ngenkathi ubuhlungu besifuba buyimpawu "zakudala" zesifo senhliziyo, ezinye izinhlobo zezimpawu zingenzeka ngaphezu kokungekho (noma esikhundleni) okungahambi kahle esifubeni. Lokhu kungafaka umqondo ongakaze wachazwe ukwesaba okukhulu, ukujuluka okukhulu, ukuphefumula, ukungahambi kahle komhlathi, intamo, amahlombe, noma izikhali, noma izimpawu ezinjenge-heartburn. Noma ubani onobungozi bokugula kwesifo somzimba kufanele ahlale eqaphele noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu.
Nakhu okunye ukuthi ungabona kanjani izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo .
Uma ucabanga ukuthi kukhona ithuba lokuthi unesifo senhliziyo, udinga ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Amaminithi angenza umehluko phakathi kwempilo ende, noma ukukhubazeka isikhathi eside noma ukufa.
Okwesibili , ukunakekelwa okusheshayo okudingayo kudinga ukuba abasebenzi bezokwelapha abakunakekelayo benze izinto ezifanele, besebenza ngokushesha. Khumbula: yonke iminithi ibalulekile. Qinisekisa ukuthi odokotela bokuqala obonayo uyabakhathazeka ngokuthi kungenzeka ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo, nokuthi bayithatha ngokungathí sina. Ngokuvamile, uma abasebenzi bezokwelapha bebhekene nalesi sifo sokuxilonga bazokwenza ngokushesha ukuze baxilongwe, futhi uma ngempela ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo kuqhubeka, ukuhlinzeka ukwelapha. Funda mayelana nokwelashwa okusheshayo kokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo enzima .
Mane nje uthi amagama, "Ngingahle ngibe nesifo senhliziyo," uzokwenza ubuqili. Abantu abaningi kakhulu abanesifo senhliziyo bazama ukunciphisa izimpawu zabo lapho bebona udokotela, bese bethi into ethi, "Kungenzeka nje ukushisa." Ungenzi lokho, ngoba imizuzu ibalulekile. Thola udokotela waqala indlela yokuhlola isifo senhliziyo ngaso leso sikhathi. Uma kuvela ukuba kube ukukhwabanisa nje, bayothola lokho ngokushesha.
Bangabantu abathwala izimpawu zabo ngokujulile, futhi benze ngokushesha, abanethuba elihle kakhulu lokusinda isifo senhliziyo enempilo enhle.
> Imithombo:
> O'Gara PT, uKushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. Umhlahlandlela we-ACCF / AHA ka-2013 wokuphathwa kwe-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction: Umbiko we-American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force on Guidelines Practice. Ukujikeleza 2013; 127: e362.