Imikhuba yobulili ephephile nokugoma kuyisihluthulelo sokuvikelwa
Ngokungafani nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (i-STIs), i-HPV idinga kuphela ukuthintana isikhumba kwesikhumba; noma ubulili noma ukushintshaniswa kwamanzi kagesi kuyadingeka. Ngenxa yokuthi azikho izidakamizwa ezitholakalayo zokwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-HPV, ukuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela impilo yakho nalabo abaseduze nawe. Ngokusobala kuhilela imikhuba yobulili ephephile, kodwa kungabandakanya nokuthola umuthi wokugoma weCervarix, Gardasil, noma Gardasil.
Njengoba i-HPV yi-STI ejwayelekile kunazo zonke emhlabeni namuhla (abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-70 abantu abathintekayo okungenani uhlobo olulodwa lwegciwane), amasu okuvimbela kufanele abe yi-top-of-mind kumuntu owenza ucansi nganoma iyiphi indlela.
Ukuziyeka
Njengamanje, kunendlela eyodwa kuphela yokuphepha yokugwema i-HPV: ukuziyeka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela engokoqobo kuwe ekugcineni kuwe.
Noma kunjalo, nge-HPV, kukhona ukudoba: Ngokungafani nezinye izifo zocansi ezithathwe ngocansi, i-HPV ingadluliselwa ngokususa isikhumba esipheleleko esikhwameni esingenalo igciwane. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izinto "eziphephile," ezingezona ukungena ngaphakathi ezifana nokushaya indlwabu kanye nokuqhwaza ("ukuqhuma okomile") kungasakazekela ukutheleleka ngokuphumelelayo njengokuziphatha komzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba ingozi ye-HPV ikhuphuka nenani labantu umuntu alala naye esikhathini esingaphezulu , abazali nabafundisi kumele bakhuthaze intsha ukuba ibalekele ucansi isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ibasize baqonde izingozi ezithile ezivezwa yi-HPV.
Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangabe ingane isenqabile ngokugcwele, ukugoma kwe-HPV kukwaziswa (bheka ngezansi).
Sex Evikelekile
Imikhuba yobulili ephephile ngokuvamile iyindlela yokuqala yokuvikela i-HPV kubantu abaningi. Lezi zindlela zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho futhi kufanele ihlale iyingxenye yecebo lakho lokuvimbela i-HPV.
Amakhondomu
Amakhondomu ayingxenye yokunciphisa ingozi ye-HPV.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda, kodwa, ukuthi ayivikeli izindawo ezingasengozini yezicubu ezifana nalawo angaphakathi nangaseduze ne-scrotum, isondo, i-vulva, noma i-anus. Lokhu kuboniswe ngokuyingxenye yocwaningo olwenziwe eminyakeni emine oluqhutshwa yiCenter for the Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), oluphetha ngokuthi ukusetshenziselwa kokusetshenziswa kwamakhondomu kwahlanganiswa nokunciphisa amaphesenti angu-50 kwengozi ye-HPV phakathi kwamadoda angewona owodwa onesifo sobulili abalingani.
Ukusetshenziswa okunamandla nokulungile kwamakhondomu kubalulekile, kufaka phakathi ngesikhathi socansi ngomlomo .
Abalingani bocansi
Ukunciphisa inani labalingani bobulili kufanele kucatshangelwe ngendlela efanayo. Ucwaningo oluningi lubonise ukuhlangana okuqondile phakathi kwezifo ze-HPV kanye nezinombolo zomlingani wobulili umuntu owedlule isikhathi eside. Eqinisweni, isifundo esisodwa se-2013 esivela eJalimane siphetha ngokuthi izimbangela eziyinhloko ezingozini zezinkinga zomlomo we-HPV ezihlobene nesifo sofuba kwakuyizinombolo zabalingani bobulili nokuqala ubulili ngesikhathi esincane. (Ubudala obudala bubonisa inombolo enkulu yabalingani bokuphila.)
I-HPV Ukugonywa
Kukhona imithi emithathu okwamanje etholakalayo ukuvimbela izinhlobo eziningi zeengozi eziphezulu ze-HPV:
- I-Gardasil evikela i-HPV 6, 11, 16, ne-18
- I-Cervarix evikela i-HPV 16 no-18
- I-Gardasil 9 evikela i-HPV 6, 11, 13, 31, 33, 45, 52, no-58
Noma kunjalo, ukugoma kwe-HPV akukhuthazwa kuwo wonke umuntu. Ngokusho kwe-CDC, amaqembu athile kufanele ahlinzekwe umuthi wokugoma osuselwa eminyakeni yobudala kanye nengozi ehlobene nayo:
- I-HPV yokugoma ingaqaliswa kubafana namantombazane aphakathi kweminyaka engu-11 no-12. Ngisho nezingane ezincane njenge-9 zinganikezwa umuthi wokugoma, uma kufanelekile.
- Ukugoma kunganikezwa kwabesifazane kuze kube neminyaka engama-26 futhi kuya kubantu abaneminyaka engama-21.
- Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokutheleleka (kubandakanya amadoda alala nobulili namadoda, abesilisa abathintekayo, nabantu abane-HIV) banganikezwa umuthi wokugoma uma bengakafiki noma baqede inkambo yokugoma.
- Noma ubani otholwe ukuthi une-HPV angacela umgomo wokuvimbela ukutheleleka esikhathini esizayo ngezinkinga eziphezulu.
Uchungechunge lokugoma luhilela amahlumela amabili noma amathathu. Kunconywa izilinganiso ezimbili ezinganeni eziqala uchungechunge ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwazo kwezinsuku ezingu-15. Kunconywa abathathu abantu abathintekayo ngokuzivikela noma abantu abaqala uchungechunge ngemuva kweminyaka engu-15.
Ngenkathi uchungechunge lwezibhamu lungadla okungenani u-$ 500, kukhona usizo lokubekezela kanye nezinhlelo zokukhokha okutholakala ukusiza ukunciphisa izindleko .
Ukusoka Kwabesilisa
Ngokwesifundo esashicilelwe eNew England Journal of Medicine, ukusokwa kunganciphisa ingozi yomuntu yokuthola i-HPV ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-35 uma kuqhathaniswa namadoda angasokile. Ngenkathi ukusoka kwabesilisa ngokuzithandela (VMC) kungavunyelwe kabanzi e-United States njengendlela yokuvimbela izifo, sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziswa e-Afrika lapho izifo zocansi njenge-HIV zanda khona. Ucwaningo olufanayo lwaphakamisa nokuthi i-VMC inganciphisa ingozi yomuntu yokuthola i- herpes simplex virus 2 (herpes womzimba) ngamaphesenti angu-25.
Ukusoka kuvame ukwenziwa kubantwana besilisa ngemuva nje kokuzalwa. Ngenkathi ingenziwa kubantu besilisa abadala, inqubo (uma isenziwa ngokuzikhethela, kunokuba ibe yingxenye yokwelashwa kwesinye isimo) ngokuvamile ayihlanganiswa nomshuwalense.
Ngeshwa, i-VMC ibonakala inganikeza inzuzo encane kumlingani wesifazane ocansini.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC). "Izincomo Zokugoma I-HPV." I-Atlanta, Georgia; ibuyekeziwe ngo-December 15, 2016.
> Hlela, S. noWarner, L. "Ukusetshenziswa kweKomso kanye ne-Human Papillomavirus Kwabesilisa." J Infect Dis , 2013; 208 (3): 367-9. I-DOI: 10.1093 / infdis / jit198.
> Remschmidt, C .; Kaufmann, A .; Hagemann, I. et al. "Izimbangela Zengozi Ye-Infilloma Human Infillomavirus Infection kanye ne-High-Grade Lesi sifo sokungena emthonjeni kwabesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-20 no-31 eJalimane." I- Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2013; 23 (3): 519-26. I-DOI: 10.1097 / IGC.0b013e318285a4b2.
> Tobian, A .; Serwadda, D .; Quinn, T. et al. "Ukusoka kwabesilisa ngokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-HSV-2 kanye ne-HPV kanye ne-syphilis." N Engl J Med. 2009 Mar 26; 360 (13): 1298-309. I-DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa0802556.