Ukucabanga, ngokwemvelo umkhuba waseMpumalanga, bekulokhu kutholakala ukuthandwa ngokujulile eNtshonalanga ngokunyakaza okuhlukahlukene okungokwenkolo nokungokwenyama. Isayensi ibonisa ukuthi ukuzindla kwengqondo kungaba nomthelela omuhle ekusebenzeni kwethu ngokomzimba, kwengqondo nokuqonda. Lapha sihlola ukuthi kungani ukucabangela kuqhutshwa ngabaningi nokuthi ubuchwepheshe bungakusiza kanjani ukuhlakulela leli khono.
Ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, nawe, ungase ujoyine umphakathi okhulayo wabafundi, abagijimi, abantu bebhizinisi, ososayensi nabanye abazithuthukisa ngokwenza umqondo.
Ukugxilisa Ingqondo Ngokujulile
Ubufakazi bomlando buqhubeka nokusekela ukuthi ukucabanga ngendlela enengqondo kunethonya elihle ebuchosheni nasemzimbeni. Ngokwesibonelo, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi umkhuba wokuzindla njalo ungadala kancane kancane ushintsho lwendaba yobuchopho bethu nakwezinye izakhiwo zobuchopho bethu. Lokhu kuhlobene ne-plastic neural plasticity yethu.
Ucwaningo oluqhutshwa abacwaningi abathintekayo baseHarvard oluvela eMassachusetts General Hospital lubonise ukuthi emva kwamasonto ayisishiyagalombili wokuzicabangela, ubukhulu bezinkinga eziluhlaza bukhuphuka kwi-hippocampus yangakwesokunxele yezindondo zamabonakude. Lesi sifunda sobuchopho sethu sihlotshaniswa nokufunda nokukhumbula. Ukwengeza, izindawo ezihambisana nobubele, ukuqwashisa nokwaziswa kwangena, ngenkathi izindawo ezihlobene nokucindezeleka zobuchopho zinciphisa ngobukhulu.
Okunye ukuhlola kwabonisa nokuthi ukuzindla kungasiza ngezibonakaliso eziningi zomzimba, kuhlanganise nokucindezeleka kwegazi nokucindezeleka okungapheli, futhi kungasondeza isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela, kanye nokufaka isandla enhlalakahleni yethu yengqondo. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwengqondo kufanele kuhlolwe ngokugxilile. Kulo nyaka, isihloko eshicilelwe yi-RAND Corporation sibuyekeze ngokuhlelekile izilingo ezilawulwa ngokungahleliwe ezingu-38 ezazisetshenziswa ukuzindla ngengqondo ukuze zithole ubuhlungu obungapheli.
Ukuthola kwabo kubonisa ukuthi kukhona ubufakazi obuningi obudingekayo ngaphambi kokuba iziphi iziphetho ezinamandla zenziwe mayelana nokuphumelela kokungenelela okunjalo.
UDan Harris, i-Anchor ye-ABC News, i- Nightline , ne-Weekend Edition ye- Good Morning America , waqala umkhuba wakhe wokucabangela ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwe-panic kwi-TV ebukhoma ngo-2004. Wazizwa ukuthi kuyisimo sokuvusa ukuba ashintshe ukuziphatha kwakhe okungenandaba amaphethini. Ukusebenzisa ukuzindla iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi manje, uHarris ukholelwa ukuthi nakuba lo mkhuba awuyona i-panacea, kungenza ube nenjabulo futhi uphumelele kakhulu.
Ukholelwa ukuthi abanye bangase baqedwe ngokwengqondo bajwayele ukusetshenziselwa amagama asetshenziswe ngokomoya uma beveza lezi zindlela. UHarris uzizwa ukuthi lapho ukuzindla kwengqondo kuvezwa ngendlela efinyeleleka kakhulu, kungabhena izilaleli ezibanzi. Wanquma ukunikeza indlela entsha yokukhuluma ngokuzindla okukhuluma ngengqondo yokungabaza (enye ayeyazi ngayo ngohambo lwakhe ngokucabanga).
Izinhlelo Zokuzindla Zengqondo Yengqondo
Ukuqonda izindlela ze-neural zokuzindla kuyanda, futhi isayensi manje ingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukuzindla ngendlela yenveli. Umzimba omkhulu wobufakazi besayensi oqinisekisa ukucabangela ukusiza lo mkhuba ukusabalalisa.
UDan Harris uchaza okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe ngokuzindla kwengqondo encwadini ethi 10% Happier , i-New York Times eyithengisa kakhulu. Encwadini, uDan uphikisa ukuthi imizuzu emihlanu kuya kwemi-10 yokucabangela ingqondo ingakwazi ukuqala ukubuka izinguquko endleleni osebenza ngayo futhi uphile ngayo. Incwadi yakhe manje ishintshwe inkambo ye-intanethi. Ukunikeza izifundo zansuku zonke nokuzindla okuqondisiwe, kuhloswe ukusiza abantu ukuba babe khona futhi begxile.
Inkambo ye-Happier engu-10% iyatholakala ku-intanethi nakumadivayisi we-iOS. Izindlela zethimba le-Happier ezingu-10 zingafinyeleleka ngombuzo abazisebenzisayo ukuze bafinyelele kubhalisile ababhalisile: "Unentshisekelo ekuzindleni, kodwa ukuhlushwa ku-woo-woo?" Ngamanye amazwi, ithimba le-Happier eli-10% lisebenza phansi Indlela elula yokufinyelela ekufundiseni abantu indlela yokuzindla.
Yini ehlukanisa ama-Happier angu-10 kusuka kumncintiswano wayo ukuthi uhlelo lwe-intanethi lusebenzisa ulimi lwansuku zonke abantu abaningi abangawaqonda. Ehlungiwe ngo-Ephreli 2015, le nkambo ibeka uDan Harris nothisha owaziwayo wokuzindla uJoseph Goldstein, ongumxhumanisi we-Insight Meditation Society. Abasebenzisi benkonzo banokufinyelela kwizifundo zevidiyo zansuku zonke kanye nokuzindla komsindo okuqondisiwe. Bangabuye babuze imibuzo kumqeqeshi womuntu siqu wokuzindla, okuyisici esithandwa kakhulu kuloluhlelo. Izifundo eziyisikhombisa zokuqala nezindinganiso zingadalulwa mahhala, futhi emva kwalokho izinsizakalo zitholakala ngokubhaliselwe. Le nkampani ihlela ukwengeza izifundo eziningi zokucabanga esikhathini esizayo futhi ekugcineni inikeze umtapo wonke wezinto ezihlukahlukene zokucabanga.
Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihamba phambili zezintandokazi kanye namawebhusayithi afaka i-Headspace, enabasebenzisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-5, ne-Buddhify. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikudingayo ukuthi uhlale phansi, ama-Buddhify angasetshenziswa ekuhambeni. Lolu uhlelo lokusebenza lokuzindla zasemadolobheni ngezinketho eziningi zokuzindla, kufaka phakathi ukuzindla lapho uhamba, uhamba noma, nakanjani, ungenzi lutho.
Izicelo ze-Smartphone Zenza Ukuqeqesha Ngokucophelela Okufinyeleleka Kakhulu
Ikhwalithi kanye nokulingana kwemfundo yakho yokucabanga kubalulekile ekuphumeleleni jikelele kohlelo lwakho. Kodwa-ke, ngokufuna okukhulayo, kunabathengisi abangabazekayo abavela. Ngakho-ke, kunesithakazelo sakho ukuthola uhlelo oluhlelwe kahle. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlelo ezidumile zingase zingabi nakwezimali ngokwezimali.
Njengoba izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-intanethi azixhomeke kumsizi, zivame ukubhekwa njengokukhethwa okungabizi kahle futhi okuguquguqukayo okungatholakala kakhulu kubantu abaningi. Futhi, lezi zinhlelo zinikezwa ngaphandle kokuhlelwa kweqembu futhi akudingi ukuba uhambe.
Uma sicabangela ukugxila kwengqondo esekelwe engqondweni ehlinzekwa ngamapulatifomu kwezobuchwepheshe, akumangazi ukuthi lezi zinhlelo ziya ngokuya ziba yinto ethandwa kakhulu empilweni yengqondo. Ucwaningo lwezocwaningo ekusebenzeni kanye nekhwalithi yezindlela ezinjalo lunikeze ukusekelwa okwengeziwe. Ngokwesibonelo, ukunciphisa izimpawu zokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka nokucindezeleka kuye kwabikwa ngisho nokungabikho kokuxhumana ubuso nobuso, uma nje inkambo yenzelwe ubuqotho. Kulindeleke ukuthi ucwaningo oluthe xaxa ekungeneni kwengqondo ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngokuqondile luzokwenziwa esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Ukungenelela kwengqondo okusekelwe kwiWebhu kufundiswa kumongo wemindeni ehlala nomuntu onesifo sengqondo. USigrid Stjernswärd noLars Hansson waseLund University eSweden kusanda kushicilelwa imiphumela yokutadisha kwabo okubandakanya abahlinzeki abasebenzisa uhlelo lwe-minding online. Babonisa ukuthi emva kokungenelela, ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo kwatholakala emazingeni okucindezeleka, umthwalo wokunakekelwa nokuzizwela.
Abagijimi bangenye iqembu labantu abazuza ngokuqeqeshwa kwengqondo. Abezi-psychologists ezemidlalo bayathanda ukusebenzisa ukuzindla ukuthuthukisa amandla nokusimama, kanye nokwakha iphrofayli engokwengqondo yokuqina. Umdlali we-Tennis Novak Djokovic uyisibonelo esisodwa seqhawe elizindla ngokuzindla.
Ezinye izicelo zengqondo eziphathekayo zenzelwe ikakhulukazi abantu abasha. Kuyavunywa ukuthi ukuzindla kuyindlela eyenza izingane zingeniswe lapho zisencane. Ucwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe-olunikezwa ukuphumula lubonisa ukuthi lunganikeza isipiliyoni esicebile. Isibonelo, izingane zibika zizwa zikhululekile futhi ziqaphela emva kokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokuphefumula okusekelwe ekucwaningeni, Cabanga, Yenza ngeSesame, uhlelo lokusebenza oluku-intanethi olwomndeni waseSesame Street wamathuluzi ezemfundo ezinganeni.
Ukuzindla kwe-Hi-Tech Labyrinth kuLabhulali
UMathe Cook noJennet Croft bazama olunye uhlobo lwekhono lobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana. Babeka i-Labyrinth ye-Sparq Yokuzindla emtatsheni wezemfundo we-University of Oklahoma Norman campus. I-Sparq iyi-ukufakwa okuphathekayo okuklama i-labyrinth phansi. I-Cook ne-Croft yobuchwepheshe besetshenziselwa ukufakwa kobuchwepheshe be-labyrinth futhi bayisebenzise kumkhuba wasendulo wokucabangela ngokuhamba ngephethini engavumelekile.
Ukuyingqayizivele kokufakwa kwabo ukuthi wukunikeza umsebenzisi ithuba lokuzikhethela. Kukhona isikhombikubona sokuthinta isikrini esivumela umsebenzisi ukuthi akhethe ukuklama kwakhe okuthandwayo, acabangele izinhlobo zamasiko nezindlela zobuhle. Amaphethini atholakalayo afaka ama-Indian, amaMelika aseMelika nama-medieval designs. Umsebenzisi ube esebenzela i-labyrinth evezwayo usebenzisa i-spotlight yebala. Wonke umuntu osebenzisa ukufakwa ukukhuthazwa ukuba ahlole inkulumo yakhe ngayinye. Ukuzibandakanya kungaba ngendlela yokuhamba nge-labyrinth, ukuzindla okuhleliwe, umkhuba we-yoga noma izinhlobo ezihlukile zokunyakaza okucabangayo.
Nge-Sparq, abacwaningi babefuna ukunikeza okunye okunye okukhona kumakhomphyutha athile. I-Cook iyinhlangano yokubhula kwezobuchwepheshe ephumayo, futhi ithi le nqubo ingasiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka, ukukhathala kwengqondo nokuphazanyiswa okuvame ukuphumela kumahora amaningi okutadisha nokuhlala ekhompyutheni. I-labyrinth ye-Sparq, efaka ifreyimu ejikelezayo elawulwa i-iPad, iye yamukelwa kahle manje.
Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisithupha nanhlanu wabasebenzisi abike ukuthi isipiliyoni sabo sabasindisa ngokukhululekile futhi bengakhathazeki kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, abalobi basikisela ukuthi ukuzindla kwe-labyrinth kungazuzisa abaphathi bemibhalo yamatayitela. Ukufakwa kwe-labyrinth efana nedijithali kuye kwafakwa eNyuvesi yaseMassachusetts Amherst. Kubonisa ukuthi abahamba ngezinyawo be-labyrinth babe nesisindo se-systolic esincane nesilinganiso se-pulse uma kuqhathaniswa nokulawula, okusekela izinzuzo zalo mkhuba wokucabanga ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe.
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