Ingabe kusencane kakhulu ukuthola izakhi zofuzo ezithandwa ngabantu ukuze kuthonye izinqumo zempilo?
Njengoba sifunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi izakhi zethu zofuzo zithonya kanjani impilo yethu, kuya ngokucaca ukuthi ukudla kuphazamisa umuntu ngamunye ngezindlela ezihlukile. Yilokho okugxila ensimini ekhulayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-nutrigenomics: ukutadisha indlela ukudla okunomthelela kuyithinta ngayo izinga lokuzalwa, nokuthi ukukhetha kwethu kokudla kungashintsha kanjani ukusebenza kwamagciwane ethu.
Ngokusho kwabasekeli be-nutrigenomics, le sayensi ingayiphakamisa indlela yokuzikhethela ngokwengeziwe-futhi, nayo iphumelele-iseluleko ukuthi ungayidla kanjani nokuthi yini okufanele uyidle.
Ukuze kube njalo, ukuhlolwa kofuzo kungenza ngelinye ilanga ukuhlola ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okungakusiza okungakusiza ukufezekisa ukulawulwa kwesisindo esingcono nokuvikelwa okukhulu ngezifo ezingapheli ezifana nesifo senhliziyo , isifo sikashukela , nomdlavuza.
I-Health Advantage ye-Nutrigenomics
Siyabonga ngokuyingxenye ekucwaningweni okuqhubekayo kwe-nutrigenomics, manje siyaqonda ukuthi ukuhlukahluka komuntu ngamunye ekuziphatheni kwezakhi zofuzo kuthatha indima ezintweni ezinjengezinkanuko, isisombululo, ukusabela kweshukela egazini kanye nokubunjwa kwama-fat cells. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhluka kofuzo, iseluleko sokudla ngokujwayelekile singasondela kuze kusisize ukuba silondoloze impilo yethu futhi siphathe isisindo sethu.
Eqinisweni, kucatshangwa ukuthi ukungabikho komuntu okwehlukile, iseluleko sokudla ngokweqile kungasiza ekwenzeni kwethu ukuhluleka ukuqhubeka nokubhekana nezinkinga ezifana nesifo sokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Ngokususa izincomo ezilinganayo-ubukhulu-zonke izinqubo ngendlela yokwenza izakhi ezifuywayo ngokwezakhi zofuzo, abagqugquzeli bakhombisa, abantu ngabanye bangase banamathele kakhulu kuloluleko futhi bathole ukuhlala isikhathi eside.
I-Science Behind Nutrigenomics
Kuleli qophelo, kunokuntuleka kwezifundo ezinkulu, zesikhathi eside ezibheke ukuphumelela kwezeluleko zokudla ezisekelwe nge-nutrigenomics. Noma kunjalo, ucwaningo olukhulayo lubonisa ukuthi izidlo ezenziwe ngezifiso zofuzo zingathuthukisa impilo yakho.
Lolu cwaningo lubandakanya ucwaningo olunyatheliswa emaphepheni Cell ngo-2015, oluthola ukuthi ukudla okunomsoco kungasiza ekulawuleni ushukela wegazi (isici esiyinhloko ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni isifo sikashukela).
Kulolu cwaningo, abacwaningi baqala ngokuqoqa idatha kubantu abangu-800 phakathi nesonto. Idatha yahlanganiswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokuqapha kweshukela egazini, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, imibuzo yezempilo, kanye nokwaziswa okubikiwe ngokudla okudliwayo. Ekuhlaziyeni le datha, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi amalunga ahlukene afundiswa abonisa ukuhlukahluka kweshukela egazini ekudleni okufanayo (nokuthi lezi zimpendulo zihlala zivumelana njalo nosuku).
Njengomphumela wokuthola kwabo emiphumeleni eyenziwe ngabanye bokudla okuthile, abalobi bezocwaningo babhekisela ekutadisheni okuphakathi okuphakathi kokukhuluphala nesandulela ngculazi. Ngesikhathi lo mhlanganyeli efaka utamatisi ekudleni kwakhe njengengxenye yemizamo yakhe yokudla okunempilo, ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngesikhathi esifundweni kubonisa ukuthi utamatisi odlayo empeleni wabangela ushukela wegazi ukuze abe ne-spike.
Lapho isigaba sokuqala salolu cwaningo seluqediwe, abacwaningi basungula i-algorithm ukubikezela ukusabela kwe-sugar-personalized "empilweni yokuphila kwangempela." Ngokulandelayo, ithimba locwaningo labeka abahlanganyeli abangu-26 abathintekayo ekutheni izidlo ezenziwe ngezifiso, ezenziwe ngokofuzo. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi ngokulandela lesi seluleko sokudla okwenziwe ngokwakho kwasiza ukunciphisa amazinga eshukela e-post-meal sugar.
Kukhona nobufakazi bokuthi izeluleko zokudla eziphathelene nezakhi zofuzo zingaholela ekuthuthukiseni okukhulu emikhuba yokudla, uma kuqhathaniswa nezincomo ezengeziwe zokudla ezijwayelekile. Esicwaningweni eshicilelwe encwadini ye- PLoS One ngo-2014, isibonelo, abacwaningi banikeze abantu abadala abano-138 abanempilo emaqenjini amabili okutadisha: owathola iseluleko sokudla se-DNA esinezinsimbi ezine ezihlukene zokudla (ukudla kwe-caffeine, i-sodium, i- vitamin C , futhi ushukela), futhi owathola izeluleko ezijwayelekile zokudla zezingxenye ezifanayo.
Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu, lezo zeluleko ezinikezwa i-DNA-based zaqala ukukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezidlo zabo.
Ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-12, lezo zithuthukisi zazibaluleke nakakhulu. Isibonelo, abahlanganyeli bezocwaningo ababekwaziswa ukuthi baphathe inguqulo yesakhi esixhumene nosawoti kanye nokucindezela kwegazi okwehlisa izinga lokudla kwabo nge-sodium ngokwezinga elikhulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abathola izeluleko ezijwayelekile zokudla kwe-sodium.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifundo esashicilelwe kuyi- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ngo-2017 sathola ukuthi ukudla okunomsoco kungasiza ekukhuthazeni ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngokubhekisa izici zofuzo ezihlobene nokukhuluphala ngokweqile.
I-Nutrigenomics ne-Personalized Nutrition
Eminyakeni yamuva, izinkampani eziningana seziqalile ukunikeza ukwelulekwa ngokwezifiso zomuntu ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwezakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe emkhakheni we-nutrigenomics baqaphele ukuthi iseluleko esinjalo singase singabi sesayensi. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwezakhi zomzimba kanye ne-genome kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kucwaninga okuningi okudingekayo ukuze uqonde ukuthi izakhi ze-nutrigenomics zingakusiza kanjani ukwakha ukudla okungcono.
> Imithombo:
> San-Cristobal R, Fallaize R, Macready AL, et al. "Ingabe iseluleko esisekelwe ezakhiweni zingakusiza ukuba ulahlekelwe isisindo? Ukuthola okuvela ekulinganisweni okulawulwa ngokulawulwa kwe-Food4Me yaseYurophu. "Am Am Clin Clin. 2017 May; 105 (5): 1204-1213.
> Nielsen DE, El-Sohemy A. "Ukudalulwa kolwazi lofuzo kanye noshintsho ekudleni kokudla: isilingo esilawulwa ngokungahleliwe." PLoS One. 2014 Nov 14; 9 (11): e112665.
> Zeevi D, Korem T, Zmora N, et al. "Ukudla Okunomuntu Ngokubikezela Kwempendulo ZamaGlycemic." Iseli. 2015 Nov 19; 163 (5): 1079-1094.
> Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi oluqukethwe kule sayithi luhloswe ngezinjongo zemfundo kuphela futhi aluthathi iseluleko, ukuxilongwa noma ukwelashwa ngudokotela ovunyelwe. Akuhloselwe ukumboza zonke izinyathelo zokuqapha, ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa, izimo noma imiphumela emibi. Kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha kunoma yiziphi izinkinga zezempilo bese uthintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa enye imithi noma wenze ushintsho ohlelweni lwakho.