I-Meningitis s etholakalayo ngokuqinisekisa ukuvuvukala noma ngokukhomba ukutheleleka emthonjeni we-cerebrospinal (i-fluid ejikeleze ubuchopho). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuguqulwa kwamagciwane kungukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala kwama-meninges, okuyizinto ezivikelayo, ezivikela, futhi zinyusa ubuchopho.
Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa nge-lumbar puncture, okuyinto engavumayo kodwa ephephile kakhulu, ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okuhilela ukukhipha uketshezi lomgogodla usebenzisa inaliti ibekwe emhlane ophansi.
Ukuhlola Ukuhlola / Ukuhlolwa Kwekhaya
Izinsizwa ezihambisana nentamo eqinile yizici eziphawulekayo ze-meningitis, futhi kunezinye izibonakaliso eziningana ezibalulekile ongazibhekela uma ucabanga ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ingase ibe ne-meningitis, kuhlanganise nekhanda, inkani eqinile noma ebuhlungu, imfiva, ubuhlungu be-back , ukuqhuma noma kuphi emzimbeni, nezimpawu ezifana nezifo.
Ama-Labs nezivivinyo
Izivivinyo eziningana zingase ziqinisekise ukuxilongwa kwe-meningitis. Uma i-meningitis ibangelwa ukutheleleka, izivivinyo zingase zikwazi ukubona igciwane elithile noma amabhaktheriya elibangela.
I-Funduscopic Exam
Udokotela wakho angabheka ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho usebenzisa i-ophthalmoscope, ekhulisa umbono wehlo lakho ngaphandle kokuthinta ngokuqondile. Loluhlolo olungavumelekanga luvumela udokotela wakho ukuba abone ukuthi unayo yini ukuvuvukala noma i-cloudiness ngemuva kwamehlo akho, omabili angabonisa i-meningitis ephuthumayo edinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo okuphuthumayo.
Ukuhlolwa kwendlebe
Uma une-meningitis eye yabangela inani elikhulu lokuvuvukala ngaphakathi noma elizungeze ubuchopho, udokotela wakho angabona izimpawu zokuvuvukala ngokubuka ngaphakathi kwendlebe yakho.
Izivivinyo zegazi
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungabonisa izimpawu zokutheleleka njengeziphakama zegazi eliphakeme. Uma i-meningitis yakho ilukhuni ne-sepsis (ukutheleleka kwegazi), ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho kungabonisa amabhaktheriya futhi. I-meningitis ye-viral ngokuvamile ayifaki igazi futhi ayihlotshaniswa ne-sepsis.
I-Lumbar Puncture (LP)
Isivivinyo esibandakanya ukususwa kwe- cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) emzimbeni wakho, i- LP yisilingo esingenangqondo. Lokhu kuhlolwa okuphephile, kanti udokotela onolwazi nalo wenza inqubo. I-CSF yiketshezi elizungezile ubuchopho bakho nomgogodla futhi linikeza ulwazi olubanzi lokuxilonga. Kuzokwazisa ukuthi unayo yini i-meningitis kanye nhlobo nhlobo. I-CSF ingahlaziywa ngamaprotheni, amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe, igazi, kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo.
Uma une-LP, uzobe ulala eceleni kwakho ngemilenze yakho egibele emzimbeni wakho ebusweni noma uzohlala nomzimba wakho ophezulu ugobile kancane kancane. Udokotela wakho uzofaka indawo yesikhumba endaweni yakho engezansi bese ufaka inaliti engavumelekile ukuvumela uketshezi ukugeleza kuyo. Udokotela wakho angalinganisa ukucindezelwa kwamanzi uma i-CSF yakho iqala ukugeleza.
Umphumela ovame kakhulu ohlangothini lwe-LP uyinhloko ekhanda, ngokuvamile ehlala amahora ambalwa. Ungawuqeda ngokuphuza uketshezi futhi ulele phansi endaweni ephansi yamahora ambalwa.
I-Electrencephalogram (i-EEG)
I-EEG yinto yokuhlola kagesi engakwazi ukuthola umsebenzi kagesi wengqondo. Ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuqubuka kanye nokushintsha kokuqonda.
Nakuba kungavamile ukuba i-meningitis ibangele umsebenzi owenziwe ngogesi ebuchosheni, ungase udinge i-EEG uma unomsebenzi wokuthungatha noma ushintsho ekuzileni, okuyizibonakaliso zemithi enesifo esibi esiye safika ku-encephalitis (ukutheleleka kobuchopho).
Ukucabanga
Ukucwaninga ukucwaninga kungasiza kakhulu ekuhloleni kwe-meningitis. Izimpawu ze-meningitis zingaba nzima ukuhlukanisa nezimpawu zenye izifo ezivamile ze-neurological, ngakho-ke ukucabangela kungahlukanisa ngokushesha izimo zezinzwa komunye nomunye.
I-Brain CT noma i-MRI
Ukucabanga nge-Brain ngomjovo ohlukileko kungabona ukuvuvukala kwe-meningitis. Nakuba ukuvuvukala kwama-mening kuhlale kungabonakali ekucwaningweni kocwaningo lwezobuchopho, lezi zifundo zingabuye zikhomba ezinye izimo ze-neurological ezifana nezicubu zobuchopho, ukushaya isisu, ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni nasezintwini, kanye ne-encephalitis engabonisa ngezibonakaliso ezifanayo kulabo besifo se-meningitis.
Hlola i-MRI
Njengomqondo we-MRI wengqondo noma ubuchopho be-CT, i-MRI yomgogodla ingase ibone ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. Kungabonisa nezinye izinkinga ezifana nezicubu, ukuphuma kwamanzi. noma ama-abscesses. Ngenkathi ubuchopho CT buwusizo, umgogodla we-CT awuvame ukuhlolwa okunconywe ukucabangela umgogodla.
I-X-Ray yekhanda
I-X-ray yesifuba ingaveza ukutheleleka esifubeni noma emaphashini, okungase kube isibonakaliso sokuthi ibhaktheriya noma igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lichaphazela ezinye izindawo zomzimba.
Ukuhlonza okuhlukile
Ngenxa yokuthi i-meningitis ingabangela ubuhlungu nemfiva, ingase ihambe phezu kwezimpawu nezinye izifo kanye nezimo zezinzwa, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni.
Umkhuhlane noma isifo sofuba
I-Meningitis ibangela izimpawu ezifana kakhulu nezokutheleleka kwesandulela ngculazi. Umehluko omkhulu wukuthi izimpawu ze-meningitis zivame ukubandakanya ikhanda, intamo, namehlo, kuyilapho ezinye izifo zivame ukubandakanya umphimbo nezono futhi kubangele izinambuzane, ukuhlanza nokuhuda. Nokho, ngokuvamile, i-meningitis ihambisana ne-flu.
I-Migraine Headache
Imithwalo yekhanda le-Migraine ibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu bekhanda nentamo, isicanucanu, nobuhlungu obukhulu, futhi kungase kuvele nokuveza izimpawu ze-neurological.
Uma ungenayo i-migraine ikhanda ngaphambili, akufanele neze ucabange ukuthi ubuhlungu bekhanda noma intamo yakho yi-migraine. Uma ngabe unesihlungu sekhanda, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha uma ubuhlungu bakho buhlukile kunokujwayelekile noma buhambisana nomkhuhlane.
Ukutheleleka kwesistimu
Ukutheleleka okunamandla okuthinta umzimba wonke kungaveza izimpawu ezifana ne-meningitis, kufaka phakathi ikhanda kanye namafiva. Umehluko omkhulu wukuthi ukutheleleka kwe-systemic akuvamile ukudala ubuhlungu obuguquka ngesimo somzimba wakho, indlela i-meningitis eyenza ngayo.
Encephalitis
I-encephalitis ukuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka kobuchopho ngokwayo. Kucatshangelwa ukuthi kuyingozi kakhulu futhi kusongela impilo kunokuba i-meningitis futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezinga eliphakeme ukuvimbela ukulimala okungapheli kwegazi.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezimo ezimbili ubukhulu. Uma unezimpawu ze-meningitis, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha futhi ukuhlolwa kocwaningo lwakho kanye nokuhlolwa kocwaningo kungahlukanisa phakathi kwezimo ezimbili. Akuyona into evamile, kodwa i-meningitis ingaqhubeka ne-encephalitis, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo somzimba.
Isisindo Sobunzima
Imisipha ehlanjululwe noma ekhishwe amahlombe angenhla noma emhlane ongaphezulu ingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu obubuhlungu nokuhamba. Ukuhlukana okukhulu phakathi komzimba we-muscle kanye ne-meningitis ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa kwesisu kunesisindo esithile esizungeze umsila othize futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kube kubi nakakhulu ngokuhamba endaweni eseduze nendawo yobuhlungu, kuyilapho ubuhlungu be-meningitis bukhushulwa ngokuyinhloko ngokunyakaza wekhanda nentamo.
Absin Brain
Iphutha lobuchopho yindawo yokutheleleka ebuchosheni. Ngokungafani ne-meningitis nokutheleleka kwe-encephalitis, kungase kubangele ukuthi kunezimpawu ze-neurological ezingavamile futhi cishe kungabangela umkhuhlane. I-CT yobuchopho noma i-MRI ingabonisa ubumbano obuchopho, obudinga ukwelashwa.
Ukucindezelwa Kwegazi Eliphansi
Uma une-blood pressure encane nganoma yisiphi isizathu, njengokungcola amanzi, ukulahleka kwegazi, noma isimo sezokwelapha, ungathola isizungu, ikhanda, nokukhathala. Njengomuthi we-meningitis, izimpawu zakho zingaba zibi kakhulu nezinguquko esimweni somzimba.
Uma une-blood pressure ephansi, akufanele ulindele ukuthi ube nomkhuhlane noma intamo eqinile, futhi udokotela wakho angathola ukucindezelwa kwegazi okuphansi ngesheke segazi esilula.
Ukuzizwa
Ukuzivame ukuvame ukudala ushintsho ekuqapheleni futhi kungahle kuhlotshaniswe nokuthobeka, isizungu, kanye nekhanda. Uma izigameko zibangela imfiva, imfiva ngokuvamile imfushane kakhulu ngesikhathi futhi ixazulula yodwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-meningitis, kanye nokuvame ukwanda kwe-encephalitis, kungabangela ukuqubuka.
Ukushaya isisu noma ukukhipha isisu ku-Brain, noma i-Tumor
Lezi zimo zikhiqiza lokho okuchazwa ngokuthi yizilonda ebuchosheni, okuveza izimpawu ze-neurological. Ngokuvamile, izibilini, ukuphuma kwegazi kanye nobuchopho buveza izibonakaliso ezithile zezinzwa kunezibonakaliso ezivamile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zalezi zimo zingase zenzeke nge-meningitis. Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological kanye nobuchopho bokucabanga kungancuma ukuthi uyazihlola uma izimpawu zihamba.
> Imithombo:
> Aronson PL, McCulloh RJ, Umqambi JS, et al. Ukusetshenziswa kwemigomo yeRochester ukukhomba izinsana ezincane ezine-bacteremia ne-meningitis. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Pediatr Emerg. 2018 Feb 5. i-doi: 10.1097 / i-PEC.0000000000001421. [I-Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta]
> de la Motte MB, Abbas R, et al. Izifo zokuvuvukala zesistimu ezigulini ezivunyelwe nge-aseptic meningitis. I-Clin Med (Lond). 2018 Mar; 18 (2): 132-137. doi: 10.7861 / clinmedicine.18-2-132.