Ama-sunscreen aklanyelwe ukuvikela isikhumba sakho elangeni, ukuhlunga imisebe yomsindo we-ultraviolet eyingozi . Ziyindlela yokuqala yokuvikela nokulwa nokuguga kusenesikhathi, kodwa yiziphi ezingabhekwa njengento yokulwa nokuguga ?
Ama-sunscreen angasiza ukuvimbela izinhlobo ezintathu zomonakalo emisebeni yelanga:
- Ukushiswa kwelanga
- Umdlavuza wesikhumba
- Ukuguga kusengaphambili
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lezi zicucu nama-lotions zingakusiza ukuba ugweme imibimbi, izindawo zomdala, nezinye izimpawu zokuguga isikhumba ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuncike kuhlobo luni lwemisebe ye-ultraviolet eyivimba.
Izinhlobo ze- UV Radiation
Imibala ye-ultraviolet iqukethe izinhlobo ezintathu zemisebe:
Nakuba bobabili i-UVA ne-UVB befaka isandla emonakalweni wesikhumba, imisebe ye-UVA manje iyaziwa ngokudala ukuguga isikhumba ngaphambi kwesikhathi-okubangelwa imibimbi, ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba, nokuguqulwa okungalingani. I-UVB ngokuyinhloko ibophezele isikhumba esivuthayo.
Ukuvimbela Ukuguga Kwesikhumba
Ngokumangazayo, ucwaningo oluthile lokuthi ngabe i-suncreen imvimbela yini ukuguga isikhumba ngaphambi kokuba kufike ngo-2013-okufakazela, ukuthi okungenani ukusetshenzwa kwesikrini kunciphisa noma kuvimbela ukuguga kwesikhumba (ngaphandle kwamagundane angenabuhlungu).
Ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe ilanga lomsundu lingamvimbela ngempela imibimbi kubantu, abacwaningi base-Australia benza ucwaningo olulawulwa ngokungahleliwe besebenzisa idatha evela ku-Nambour Skin Cancer Prevention Trial. Eshicilelwe ku- Annal of Medical Internal , lolu cwaningo lwaqhathanisa izifundo ezingu-903 zabantu abadala ezihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amane:
- Labo abafundiswe ukuba basebenzise i-sunshree ebanzi kakhulu emakhanda abo, entanyeni, ezandleni nasezandleni njalo ekuseni (futhi emva kokuthuthumela noma ukugeza)
- Labo abangasebenzisa i-sunscreen efanayo lapho befisa khona
- Izihloko ezithola isandiso se-beta-carotene usuku ngalunye
- Labo abanikezwa isengezo se-placebo
Ngemva kweminyaka emine nengxenye, abacwaningi bahlaziya imidwebo ye-latex ethathwe ngemuva kwezandla zezihloko. Ngemva kokulungisa izici ezinjengezinga lokushisa kwelanga nokubhema (okungenzeka futhi isikhumba somdala ngaphambi kwesikhathi), bathole ukuthi labo abadala abasebenzisa i-sunshree ebanzi nsuku zonke babonisa "akukho ukwanda okubonakalayo" ekugugeni isikhumba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguga isikhumba-njengesikhumba esinamahloni nokugwinya okungaphezulu-phakathi nesikhathi sokutadisha kubonakala kunamaphesenti angu-24 ngaphansi kwezifundo eziqenjini lelanga lesikrini uma kuqhathaniswa nezihloko ezisebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-sunscreen kuphela ngesisekelo sokuqonda. Ukwengezwa nge-beta-carotene kwakungekho umphumela jikelele ekugugeni isikhumba.
Izwi elivela
Ukuze ugweme ukuguga kwesikhumba sakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kufanele usebenzise i-sunscreen ebizwa ngokuthi "isisindo esikhulu." Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuvimbela imisebe yomabili ye-UVA ne-UVB, ngokungafani ne-factor protective sole ( SPF ) eyenzelwe ukuvimbela ukushisa kwama-UVB. Kusukela ngo-2012, i-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) idinga ukuthi abakhiqizi be-sunscreen babonise ukuthi umkhiqizo wabo unikeza ukuvikelwa okubanzi kwe-spectrum.
I-American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) incoma i-sunscreen nge-SPF okungenani 30. Futhi qaphela izithako zelanga. Izithako ezihlunga imisebe ye-UVA ngokukhethekile zihlanganisa i-Avobenzone (i-Parsol 1789) no-Benzophenones. Izithako ezihlose ukuhlunga imisebe ye-UVB zibandakanya i-PABA, ama-cinnamates, nama-salicylates.
Noma yikuphi ukhethe ukhethe kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokukhululekile (cishe u-ounce noma u-15 ml) futhi ngokuvamile (njalo ngamahora amabili noma ngaphezulu). Njengoba akukho isikrini selanga esingenanzi amanzi, kufanele uphinde usebenzise ngemuva kokubhukuda noma imisebenzi eyenza ujezise.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-AAD namanye ama-ejensi ezempilo ancoma ukuphuma elangeni ngesikhathi sokuvota amahora ama-UV-ngokuvamile ngo-10: 00 kuya ku-2 ntambama- nezinye izinyathelo ezifana nokugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela ukuze ugweme ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukushiswa kwelanga, nomdlavuza wesikhumba.
> Imithombo:
> I-FDA Sheds Light ku-Sunscreens. I-US Yokudla Nezidakamizwa EzokuPhathwa Kwezidakamizwa Zomphakathi. Julayi 15, 2013.
> Hughes, uMaria Celia B; UWilliams, uGail M; UB Baker, uPeter; Uhlaza, u-Adèle C. "Isikrini soSwisi nokuvimbela isikhumba esidala, isivivinyo esingenakulinganiswa". Ama-Annal of Medicine yangaphakathi. 06/2013; 158 (11): 781-790.
> Ama-FAQs e-Sunscreen. I-American Academy of Dermatology Ishidi Lolwazi Lomphakathi. Julayi 15, 2013.