Masingaziboni; imibimbi ayinakugwenywa. Nakuba okuningi esikutholayo kubhekane nemiphumela engenakugwemeka yokuguga, kunezinye izici ezimbalwa ongase ungacabangi ngazo.
Ukuze siqonde ngokugcwele ukuthi sibadala kanjani nokuthi yini ebangele ukuthuthukiswa kwamagciwane, kusiza ukuqonda kangcono isisindo esiyisisekelo sesikhumba sethu.
Ukwakhiwa Kwesikhumba Ne-Anatomy
Isikhumba sabantu sakhiwa izingqimba eziningana ezihlukene:
- I- epidermis ingqimba engaphandle kwesikhumba ekhonza njengesivimbela ezakhiweni zangaphandle. Ngaphakathi kwalolu ungqimba, amangqamuzana amasha aqhubeka ekhula futhi efaka amangqamuzana amadala eduze, lapho ekugcineni ayokhipha khona. Uma le nqubo isaba yinto engavamile, isikhumba singabonakala sikhala futhi siphelile.
- Ingqimba yesibili yesikhumba yidermisi . Iqukethe izici zesakhiwo esikhumbeni, kuhlanganise nezicubu ezisemqoka ezixhunyiwe. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezicubu ezixhumene nazo zisebenza imisebenzi ehlukene. I-Collagen inikeza isikhumba amandla kanye nokuqina kwayo, kuyilapho amaprotheni eyaziwa ngokuthi i-glycosaminoglycans ahlinzeka ukuqina kwesakhiwo futhi i-elastin ivumela ukuguquguquka nokuqina.
- Inhlanganiso ye- dermal-epidermal iphakathi kwe-dermis ne-epidermis. Lesi sakhiwo esibalulekile senza izilinganiso ezinjengomunwe, okuthiwa i-rete ridges, ezandisa indawo ye-epidermis evezwe emithanjeni yegazi, okuyivumela ukuba ithathe kangcono izithako ezibalulekile.
- Ingqimba engezansi yesikhumba yizicubu ezingaphansi , okuyinhloko eyenziwa ngamaseli amafutha afaka umzimba futhi enze isikhumba sibonakale siqhubekile futhi sigcwele. Iqukethe nezigulane zethu zokuzikhukhumeza , izikhumba ze- sweat, nezinwele zezinwele .
Ama-wrinkle nezinye izibonakaliso zokuguga kubangelwe izinguquko ezibonakalayo esikhungweni sethu semvelo, kanye nezici eziningana esingakwazi ukuzilawula kanye nabanye esingakwazi.
Phakathi kwezimbangela eziyisithupha eziyinhloko zokuguga isikhumba:
Ukuguga kwesikhashana
Njengomuntu ubudala, amangqamuzana e-epidermal abe mncane futhi anamathele kancane, okwenza isikhumba sibheke ngokuphawulekayo. Ukungabi nalutho kunciphisa umsebenzi wokuvimbela isikhumba, okuvumela ukuba umswakama ukhishwe ngaphandle kokugcinwa esikhumbeni. Lokhu kubangela ukuma. Akuyona nje kuphela inani lamaseli e-epidermal elinciphisa ngamaphesenti angu-10 ngomnyaka ngamunye , ahlukanisa kancane kancane njengoba sinyakala, okwenza isikhumba singakwazi ukuzilungisa ngokushesha.
Imiphumela yokuguga emgqeni we-dermal ibalulekile. Lokhu akusigcini nje kuphela koqweqwe oluphansi, kepha i-collagen encane ikhiqizwa futhi ama-elastin amafayili aphela. Lezi zinguquko ezakhiweni zesikhumba, okwenza kube nzima futhi zenzeke. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izilonda ze-sebaceous zikhudlwana kodwa zikhiqiza i- sebum encane ngenkathi inani lezigulane ezikhukhulayo liyancipha. Zombili lezi zinguquko zenza isikhumba esomile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingqimba ze-dermal-epidermal junction ziqala ukucwiliswa, okwenza isikhumba sibe sinyama futhi kulula ukugaya. Le nqubo iphinde inciphise ukutholakala kwezakhi zomzimba ku-epidermis, iphazamise inqubo evamile yokulungisa isikhumba.
Ukulimala kwelanga
Ukuvezwa kwemisebe ye-UVA ne-UVB evela ekukhanyeni kwelanga kubangelwa amaphesenti angu-90 empawu zokuguga zesikhumba ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Iningi lemiphumela yokufaka isithombe, kuhlanganise imibimbi kanye nezindawo ezimnyama, zenzeka ngaminyaka engu-20. Inani lomonakalo elangeni elibangela isikhumba lihloswe ukuchayeka kwendawo yonke yokuphila komuntu emisebeni ye-UV, kanye nohlobo oluthile lwesikhumba (i-pigment).
Ukushisa kwelanga ngokweqile kuthinta izingqimba zesikhumba ngezindlela ezahlukene:
- I-epidermis iyaba yincipha futhi izilonda zesikhumba, njenge- actinic keratoses , i- basal cell carcinoma , ne- squamous cell carcinoma , ziqala ukwakha.
- Esigodini, ilanga lingalimaza ama-collagen fibers ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile lapho ama-elastin eqala ukuqoqa emazingeni angavamile. Lokhu kuqoqa kubangelwa ama-enzyme okuthiwa i-metalloproteinase akhiqizwa ngobuningi. I-metalloproteinases ngokuvamile ilungisa isikhumba ngokukhiqiza i-collagen, kodwa ukulimala kwelanga kubangela ukuba kube khona ukungasebenzi futhi empeleni kuphule i-collagen. Lokhu kubangelwa ukwakheka kwamafrijini e-collagen angalungile eyaziwa ngokuthi izibazi zelanga. Njengoba isikhumba siphinda le nqubo engakapheli yokwakhiwa kabusha, imibimbi ikhula.
Ama-Radicals wamahhala
Ama-radicals amahhala angama-molecule e-oxygen engaqiniseki ane-elektroni eyodwa kuphela esikhundleni se-two. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-electrons atholakala ngezibili, i-molecule kufanele ihlasele amanye ama-molecule kwenye i-electron. Lapho i-molecule yesibili ilahlekelwa i-elektrononi yayo ku-molecule yokuqala, kufanele ithole enye i-electron, iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde ibuyele.
Le nqubo ingalimaza umsebenzi weseli bese iguqula izakhi zofuzo zeseli. Umonakalo omkhulu wamahhala ubangela imibimbi ngokuvuselela i-metalloproteinase ephula i-collagen, eyenziwa yimbi kakhulu nakancane kakhulu emisebeni ye- UV , ukubhema, noma ukuvezwa kokungcola komoya.
Izinguquko zamaHormonal
Kungenzeka ukuthi imiphumela ye-hormonal yokunqamuka kwesikhashana kanye nokwenyuka kokukhiqizwa kwe-estrogen kunesibopho sokuguga isikhumba. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo alukaze luthole ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko zesikhumba ezicacile ukwehlisa i-estrogen noma ukuthi iziphi izinguquko zesikhumba ziwumphumela wokushisa kwelanga noma ukuguga okujwayelekile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izifundo zezilwane ziye zabonisa ukuthi ukuntuleka kwe-estrogen kungabangela ukwehla kwamazinga ka-collagen amaphesenti amabili ngonyaka, kanye nokuncipha kwesikhumba esisodwa samaphesenti ngonyaka.
Sebenzisa imisipha
Akuyona indaba endala yabafazi. Ukuboniswa kwesimo sobuso kungabangela isikhumba ukuba siphume njengoba kulahlekelwa ukuqina. Imigqa emifushane phakathi kwamashiya nezinyawo zezinkukhu eziphuma emagumbini wamehlo ethu zikhula njengoba imisipha encane kulezo zindawo inkontileka unomphela.
Ukunciphisa amandla
Imiphumela yokuvuthwa komzimba yenza ukukhululeka kwesikhumba kubonakale njengoba kuqhutshwa ngaphezulu ngaphansi kwethonya lokudonsa okulula. Lokhu kubangelwa amajoni namajoni we-drooping esibhekana nawo ekudala.