Kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile ukuthi ukuguzwa komkhuhlane kunconywa uma une-asthma. Kodwa, ingabe abantu abanesifo se-asthma bangase babe nemiphumela emibi yokugoma komkhuhlane?
I-Asthma ne-Flu Vaccines
Ngokuvamile, abantu abane-asthma kufanele bathole umuthi wokugoma , ngaphandle uma kunesizathu sokungathi, njengomlando we- Guillain Barre syndrome . Kwase kuyiminyaka eminingi, futhi kwakukhathazeka ukuthi abantu abanezinyosi zeqanda akufanele bathole ukuguquka komkhuhlane, kodwa lokho akusasekho.
Khuluma nodokotela wakho, noma kunjalo, uma usakhathazeka.
Ngakho-ke, kungani abantu abaningi abane-asthma (cishe isigamu) beqa umkhuhlane wabo wamagciwane waminyaka yonke? Esinye sezizathu ukukhathazeka ukuthi ukuqhuma komkhuhlane kungabangela ukuqhuma kwesifuba. Enye ukuthi abantu bangase bangacabangi ukuthi basengozini. Njengoba kunikezwe izibalo, noma kunjalo, kunethuba elihle lokuthola umkhuhlane. Unyaka ngamunye e-United States, kunezimo eziphakathi kuka-9.2 no-35.6 wezigameko zomkhuhlane, iziguli eziyi-140 000 kuya ku-710,000, kanye nokufa kwabantu abangu-12 000 kuya ku-56 000.
Abanye abantu besaba ukuthola umkhuhlane uma iLungu lomndeni lingagciniwe noma li-chemotherapy . Kodwa, lokhu akuyona inkinga nge-injectable flu shot (umuthi wokugoma okhulelwe, njengokuFluMist noma Fluenz, kufanele ugwenywe.) Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehluleka ukuthola ukuguquka komkhuhlane kungafaka engozini othandekayo bakho futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
Ngakho-ke, sishiywa nemibuzo emibili yokuxoxisana:
- Kubi kangakanani uma ubamba umkhuhlane uma une-asthma?
- Ingabe abantu abane-asthma kungenzeka babe nemiphumela emibi emtholampilo?
I-asthma ne-Influenza
Abantu abane-asthma abangekho amathuba okuthola uketshezi kunabantu abangenayo i-asthma, kodwa banamathuba amaningi okubhekana nezinkinga. Umkhuhlane ungasebenzisa kokubili ukuveza izimpawu zesifo sokuphuza isifo sokuqala futhi ukonakalise izimpawu ze-asthma osuvele uzisebenzelana nazo.
Ukubamba umkhuhlane uma une-asthma futhi kuphakamisa ingozi ye-pneumonia, ikakhulukazi uma ungumntwana noma omdala omdala. I-Influenza iyingozi kakhulu uma une-asthma, kodwa ingabe ukugoma kunenkinga futhi?
Ukukhushulwa kwe-asthma: Umuthi wokugoma we-Flu Side Effect?
Siyazi ukuthi umuthi wokugoma okhubazekile-okunye uketshezi-umkhuhlane-awukwenyusa ukukhushulwa kwe-asthma emasontweni amabili kulandela ukugoma. Ngesinye isikhathi, kwacatshangwa ukuthi ukugonywa kwe-nasal spray yokugonywa bukhoma (FluMist noma Fluenz) kungase kuhlotshaniswe nesondo. (I-pack insert ixwayisa ngokunikeza umgomo kubantwana abancane abane-asthma noma noma ubani oneziqephu zamuva zamasondo.) Ucwaningo oluthile oluthile, nokho, kubonakala sengathi lubonisa ukuthi akukho mkhuhlane odubulayo noma uFluMist okwandisa ingozi yokuphefumula kwe-asthma.
Esifundweni esisodwa sika-2017 esilandela cishe cishe 400,000 ukugoma komkhuhlane owanikezwa izingane ezineminyaka emibili nangaphezulu, ingozi yokuzikhukhumezeka kwe-asthma ayikwenywanga kubantwana abathole umuthi wokugoma ongasasebenzi noma umuthi wokugoma okhulelwe.
Olunye ucwaningo lwango-2017 oluhlola isizinda sabantu abayizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-6.3 sesifinyelele esiphethweni esifanayo. Kutholakale ukuthi ngenkathi umgomo wokugoma okhubazekile uhlala ngaphansi kwesisodwa sephesenti sesikhathi-futhi ngokuyinhloko kulabo abane-asthma ephikisanayo noma i-asthma ephakathi-akuzange kubonakale sengathi kwandisa ingozi yokuphulukiswa kwesimo se-asthma.
Ngokusekelwe kulolu cwaningo, kwakungekho ukwanda kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezenzakalo eziphikisayo zokuphefumula kulabo abathola umgomo wokuphila.
Naphezu kwalezi zifundo, ezinye odokotela batusa ukuthi izingane kanye nabantu abadala abane-asthma bathole umuthi wokugonywa komkhuhlane esikhundleni sokugoma umuthi wokugcoba. Ukudubula (ikakhulukazi umthamo we-Flu-Zone High noma i-friji yendabuko edutshulwa esikhundleni sokudutshulwa kwe-intradermal) kubonakala kusebenza kangcono kunokuphambanisa kwesikhumba kulabo abanezimo ezibucayi zempilo noma asebekhulile.
Imiphumela emibi engenzeka
Ngenkathi abanye abantu abane-asthma bazobika izimpawu ezincane, ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, nokuqhaqhazela ngemva kokuthola ukugoma komkhuhlane, igciwane emgodini wokugonywa ongagciniwe kubulawe, ngakho-ke angeke unikeze noma ubani umkhuhlane.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, umgomo wokugoma umkhuhlane we-nasal uyisifo esibukhoma, naphezu kokucindezelwa. Ngisho nesimo esibukhoma, esibuthakathaka segciwane ku-FluMist, igciwane lesayensi lingakwazi ukudala u-flu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kunjalo nazo zonke izindlela zokwelashwa, kunezimo ezimbi ezibangelwa umuthi wokugoma. Eminye yemiphumela emibi yokugoma komkhuhlane ihlanganisa:
- Ubuhlungu esakhiweni somjovo
- Fever
- UMalaise (uzwela nje kuphela)
- I-Myalgias (ama-muscle aches)
- Izinwele
Ngokuvamile, lemiphumela emibi ivela emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kokugoma futhi izozixazulula ngokwabo.
I-Anaphylaxis (ukusabela okujulile kwe-allergen) yinto engavamile, kodwa isabela esongela ukuphila okungenzeka ngemuva kokuthola ukugoma komkhuhlane. Ngenkathi kwenzeka emitholampilo eyodwa kuphela kwesigidi, kuzodingeka ubone i-allergen uma lokhu kwenzeka noma uma uhlakulela noma yikuphi ukuphuza kwesifuba sakho emva kokugonywa.
Njengoba i-anaphylaxis ekuphenduleni ukudubula komkhuhlane kuvamile kakhulu, asiqiniseki ukuthi ijwayelekile yini kubantu abane-asthma. Uma uneminye izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis, njengokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala emlonyeni wakho, ulimi, noma intamo, ukuqhuma, ukukhanya okulula noma ukuzwa ukubhujiswa okuzayo, funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Izwi elivela
Ukugonywa komkhuhlane kunconywa wonke umuntu onesifo sofuba esingenayo ukuphikisana. Ukuphazamisa umkhuhlane kungaba yingozi kubantu abane-asthma, okwandisa ingozi ye-pneumonia, esibhedlela noma ngisho nokufa.
Ukugoma komkhuhlane ngokwawo akubonakali kuyingozi nakakhulu kubantu abane-asthma kunalabo abangenalo isimo, nakuba abanye odokotela batusa ukuthola ukuqhuma komkhuhlane kunokuba umuthi wokugcoba omsulwa. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umndeni nabangane bomuntu abane-asthma bayagonywa futhi kuyasiza.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. Izifo Umthwalo We-Influenza. 05/16/17.
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. Imininingwane Eyisisekelo Ngomuthi Wokugoma Umkhuhlane Wonyaka. 10/06/17.
> Duffy, J., Lewis, M., Harrington, T. et al. Isifo Sokukhulelwa Kwesifo Sokukhulelwa Esikhungethwe Umkhuhlane Ukusetshenziswa Nokuphepha Kubantwana Nabantu abadala abane-Asthma. Ama-Annal of Acuteergy Asthma and Immunology . 2017. 118 (4): 439-444.
> Ray, G., Lewis, N., Goddard, K. et al. Ukukhushulwa Kwesifuba Phakathi Kwezingane Zama-Asthmatic Ukuthola Ukunciphisa Ukuphila Ngezinkinga Zokukhulelwa I-Influenza. Umgomo . 2017. 35 (20): 2668-2675.