Impendulo Yifana Nabo Bonke Abaphethe I-Cholesterol Ephakeme
Yize ezinye zezindaba zezempilo kulula ukuzibamba, i-cholesterol ephakeme, ikakhulukazi amazinga aphezulu e-LDL ("i-cholesterol embi") ayiyona enye yazo. Izinkinga ze-cholesterol zingathinta noma ubani. Ukuqapha amazinga e-cholesterol kubalulekile ngoba abantu abanezinga elingenalo impilo ye-cholesterol ngokuvamile abahlaziyi izimpawu ezithile.
Sibutsetelo
I-cholesterol ephakeme, echazwa njengezinga le-cholesterol eliphelele ngaphezu kwama-milligram angu-240 nge-deciliter (mg / dL), livame kakhulu kunamazinga aphansi kakhulu.
Izinga le-cholestolol elibhekiswe kumuntu omdala, onempilo lingaphansi kuka-200 mg / dL, kuyilapho amazinga phakathi kuka 200 mg / dL no-239 mg / dL abhekwa njengephezulu. Iziqondiso zamanje zincoma ukuthi abantu abadala abanempilo bahlole amazinga abo e-cholesterol okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni emihlanu.
Abantu abanezinga eliphakeme lama-cholesterol noma ama-LDL banomngcipheko okhuphuka kakhulu wokuthuthukisa isifo senhliziyo, okuyisisusa esisodwa sokufa e-United States. Abantu abadala abayizigidi ezingama-25.6 baye bathola isifo senhliziyo minyaka yonke, okwaholela ekufeni kwabantu abangu-650 000 ngonyaka.
Kubonakala sengathi i-cholesterol idonswe phansi ngezizathu ezizwakalayo, kodwa imizimba yethu ayikwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwezinto ezithambile, ze-wax. I-cholesterol ikhona kuwo wonke amangqamuzana futhi ikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone, ukugaya nokuguqulwa kwelanga zibe yi-vitamin D. Cishe 75% we-cholesterol ekhona egazini ikhiqizwa yisibindi, kanti okwamanje okusele kwe-cholesterol kutholakala ekudleni.
Ukuxilongwa
Izivivinyo eziningana zisetshenziselwa ukuhlola amazinga e-cholesterol egazini. I-cholesterol engama-total elula kakhulu, okuyizinga elihlangene le-LDL ("i-cholesterol embi), i- HDL (" i-cholesterol enhle "), ne-triglycerides (ifomu eliyinhloko lamafutha omzimba). yokuzila, ihlinzeka ngokuhlukumeza okuningiliziwe kwamazinga e-cholesterol ngohlobo lwe-lipid (LDL, HDL, ne-triglycerides).
Imikhombandlela yenqanaba le-cholesterol enempilo iphakamisa:
- I-LDL ("i-cholesterol embi") : Amanothi angaphansi kuka-100 mg / dL abhekwa njengempilo. Amazinga angaphezulu kuka-190 mg / dL ayimpilo.
- I-HDL ("i-cholesterol enhle") : Izinga ezingaphezulu kuka-60 mg / dL zinempilo. Izinga elingezansi kwe 40 mg / dLingahambi kahle.
- I-Triglycerides: Amanothi angaphansi kuka-150 mg / dL anempilo. Amazinga angaphezulu kuka-500 mg / dL ayimpilo.
I-cholestolol ye-HDL-"i-cholesterol enhle" -ukusebenza njengeqembu lokuhlanza egazini ngokuhamba ngesikebhe "i-cholesterol embi" (i-LDL) kwesibindi sokulahlwa okuphephile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amazinga aphezulu we-HDL ayenenhliziyo.
Izimbangela
Ukugcina izinga eliphilile le-cholesterol kubalulekile ukulondoloza inhliziyo enempilo. Ngokusho kweNational Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), isinyathelo seNational Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute, amazinga amaningi e-cholesterol ayingozi kakhulu kubantu ababhema. Ukwengeza, abantu abanesifo sikashukela noma abakhuluphele, noma bane-cholesterol ephansi ye-HDL, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, kufanele balwele ukugcina amazinga e-cholesterol enempilo.
Abantu abangaba ngu-7 kubo bonke abantu abayi-1 000 bahlushwa yi-hypercholesterolemia yomndeni, isimo sezakhi zofuzo esingasikhulisa amazinga e-cholesterol ngezikhathi ezimbili ezingeni elivamile.
Ngaphezu kokuphila nempilo yonke, iminyaka yobudala nayo iyingozi yokuthuthukisa i-cholesterol ephezulu. Abantu abadala, ikakhulukazi amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala nabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-55 ubudala, banamathuba amaningi okubona amazinga awo e-cholesterol ekhuphuka ngoba imizimba yabo ayiphumeli ekusebenzeni nasekukhenizeni i-cholesterol. Eqinisweni, amadoda anamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol ngokuvamile ahlaselwa yinhliziyo yokuqala lapho eneminyaka engama-40 kuya kwangu-50 ubudala.
Kodwa-ke, ngisho nabantu abasha abavikelekile ezingozini ze-cholesterol ephezulu. Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi amafutha amaningi e-cholesterol angakwazi ukuqala ukudala kahle ngaphambi kokukhula kwabantu abadala, okuholela emithanjeni emincane futhi, okungenzeka, ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.
Izinguquko zokuphila
Ezimweni eziningi, izinguquko ekudleni nokuzivocavoca kwandisa ukuqala kokunciphisa amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol.
I-NCEP isincoma ukuthola okungenani imizuzu engu-30 yokuzivocavoca nsuku zonke. Amanye amasu aphakanyisiwe afaka ukugwema amafutha agcwele futhi i-cholesterol nokugcina isisindo esinempilo. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuvame ukuholela emazingeni aphezulu we-cholesterol ngoba amafutha omzimba okweqile angandisa ukwanda kwe-cholesterol ne-triglycerides egazini.
Ukudla Okufanele Kugweme
- Ukudla ukugwema uma unamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol kubandakanya isinkwa esimhlophe, amazambane omhlophe, nelayisi omhlophe, imikhiqizo yobisi yonke yamafutha, nanoma yikuphi okushukela noma ama-sugar.
- Ukudla okuye kwaboniswa ukunciphisa i-cholesterol kufaka izinhlanzi ezinamafutha, ama-walnuts namanye amantongomane , i- oatmeal , i-psyllium (nezinye izintambo ezihlangene), kanye nokudla okuqiniswe nge- sterols noma ama-stanols.
Imithi
Kodwa-ke, uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila yedwa aziphumelelanga, udokotela wakho angabeka iklasi ethile yezidakamizwa ezaziwa njengeziqu, ezisiza ukunciphisa ama-LDL namazinga we-triglyceride futhi ukwandise amazinga we-HDL. Izitatimende, isigaba esinqunyiwe kakhulu kunazo zonke izidakamizwa ezinciphisa i-cholesterol, zenza ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol ngaphakathi kwesibindi. Udokotela wakho angase anikeze omunye wemithi eminingi etholakalayo ye-statin: i-Lipitor ( atorvastatin ), i-Zocor ( simvastatin ), i-Mevacor (i-lovastatin), i-Lescol (i-fluvastatin), i-Crestor (i-rosuvastatin) noma i- Pravachol (pravastatin).
Imithombo:
"I-High Blood Cholesterol: Okudingeka Ukwazi." I-NHLBI. Jun 2005. Izikhungo Zempilo Zomphakathi.
" Isifo senhliziyo ." Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sezibalo Zempilo. 31 Dec 2007. Izikhungo zokuLawula izifo. 27 Feb 2008.
"Izinguquko Zokuphila Ne-Cholesterol." I-American Heart Association. Okthoba 26, 2015.
I-Fallon Jr., uL. Fleming. "Hypercholesterolemia." I-Health AtoZ, i-Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. 2006. Iqembu leGale.