Amaphutha ekuthuthukiseni ukukhulelwa kungabangela ukuntuleka okukhulu
I-anemia imane nje ichazwa njengokuntuleka kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu (i- hemoglobin ). Njengoba amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anesibopho sokuthutha i-oksijeni kumaseli kanye nezicubu zomzimba, ukuntuleka kwe-hemoglobin kungaholela ekuthambekeni kobuthakathaka, ubuthakathaka, ukuphefumula, ukungasebenzi kwenhliziyo, nezinye izinkinga.
Ezinganeni ezingakafiki, izinkinga zingaba zikhulu kakhulu, okuholela ezinkingeni zentuthuko nokuhluleka ukukhula ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
Izimbangela ze-Anemia ezinsaneni ezisengaphambili
Kuyinto engavamile ukuba izinsana zibe ne-anemia emnene. Njengomthetho, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi usana aphuka ngokushesha kunalokho okusha. Amantombazane avame ukuba enesifo esiyingozi kakhulu ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu futhi kancane kancane athuthuke eminyakeni emibili ezayo. I-anemia yalolu hlobo ngokuvamile ayidingi noma yimuphi ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokudla okunempilo ngensimbi eningi.
Izidalwa zindaba ehluke ngokuphelele. Kwezinye izimo, bangakwazi ukuhlakulela uhlobo olunamandla kakhulu lwe-anemia okuthiwa i-anemia ye-prematurity. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-preemie ayizange ithole ushintsho lwezinto eziphilayo ezidingekayo ukukhiqiza amaseli amasha wegazi ngaphandle komama wabo.
Ezinye zalezi zinguquko zenzeka emavikini wokugcina okukhulelwa, kufaka phakathi nesiteji lapho ukukhiqizwa kwegazi elibomvu lidluliselwa esibindi kuya emathongeni wethambo. Lezi zikhala ekuthuthukisweni kwe-fetus zingaholela kalula kwi-anemia.
Ukunakekelwa okukhulu kwe-Neonatal kungenza i-anemia ibe yimbi nakakhulu uma ngisho nokudweba kwegazi elincane kungabangela ukwehla okuphawulekayo kokubala kwe-hemoglobin ye-preemie.
Izimpawu Nokuthola I-Anemia
Izimpawu ze-anemia zingahluka kusuka ezicashile kuya ezingathí sina zisekelwe ekubambeni. Ingane eyandulela i-anemia izovame ukubhekana nalokhu:
- umbala obala
- i-tachycardia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo)
- i-tachypnea (isilinganiso sokuphefumula ngokushesha)
- i-apnea (ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula noma ukungafaki ukuphefumula)
- i-bradycardia (ehamba kancane kunenhliziyo evamile)
- ukulahlekelwa isisindo nokuhluleka ukuphumelela
- ukukhathazeka ngokudla ngenxa yobuthakathaka nokuxolisa
- isidingo esikhulu sokwesekwa kokuphefumula
I-anemia itholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile okulinganisa inani lamaseli abomvu kanye nephesenti lamaseli abomvu e-sampuli yegazi ( hematocrit ).
Ukwelashwa Kwe-Anemia Emantwaneni Asengaphambili
Izingane zesikhathi esigcwele ngokuvamile azidingi ukwelashwa kwe-anemia. Uma nje ingane ithola insimbi eyanele ngokusebenzisa ubisi lwebele noma ifomula noma i-iron-fortified-food, i-anemia iyoba ngcono ngokwakho.
Ezinganeni zangaphambi kokuqala, izimpawu ze-anemia zizodinga ukwelashwa kaningi. Phakathi kokukhethwa kokwelapha:
- Ukumpontshelwa igazi yiyona ndlela esheshayo yokukhulisa inani elibomvu lamasosha egazi emntwaneni. Phakathi nokumpompela, amaseli aphuzi egazi abomvu avela ku-donor igazi noma ilungu lomndeni (elibizwa ngokuthi umnikelo oqondile) linikezwa nge-intraveous (IV) line.
- I-hormone therapy inganikezwa ngendlela ye- erythropoietin yomuntu ephindaphindiwe (i-rhEPO), uhlobo lwe-glycoprotein elikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Inzuzo ye-rhEPO ukuthi ingasiza ukunciphisa inani lokumpompela izidingo ze-preemie, nakuba kuthatha isikhathi ukusebenza futhi kungabiza kakhulu.
> Umthombo:
> Von Kohorn, I. no-Ehrenkranz, R. "I-anemia enganeni yokuqala: I-Erythropoietin ne-erythrocyte ukumpontshelwa - Akulona lokho okulula." I-Perinatology yemitholampilo. 2009; 36 (1): 111-123.